The effects of integrated transformational leadership on achievement

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Eric Boberg ◽  
Steven J. Bourgeois
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Student Engagement ◽  
School Improvement ◽  
Teacher Efficacy ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
School Level ◽  
Collective Teacher Efficacy ◽  
Emotional Engagement ◽  
Teacher Student

Purpose Greater understanding about how variables mediate the relationship between leadership and achievement is essential to the success of reform efforts that hold leaders accountable for student learning. This multi-source, quantitative study tests a model of integrated transformational leadership including three important school mediators. Design/methodology/approach 5,392 students provided data on student engagement, and 569 teachers provided survey data on principal leadership and the collective teacher efficacy and extra effort of their colleagues. Data were analyzed at the school-level (N = 51) using mediation analysis with the PROCESS macro to calculate the direct and indirect effects of all of the variables in the serial multiple mediator model. Findings The model explained a significant amount of variance in both reading (38%) and mathematics (35%). Collective teacher efficacy and student engagement mediated all of the leadership effects, demonstrating the importance of teacher and student relations in school improvement. The combined effect sizes are significantly greater than the effects of earlier TL models. Originality/value This study contributes to “leadership for learning” research by demonstrating that refining TLBs to include instructional management can enhance a leader's impact on achievement. As one of the few studies to examine student engagement as a mediator along with teacher mediators, the current study highlights the importance of teacher-student relations in school improvement. While collective efficacy mediated all of the effects of leadership on achievement, student emotional engagement also contributed to mathematics achievement. The study’s findings advance research into mutual influence processes, indicating that reciprocity may extend throughout the leader-teacher-student loop.

scholarly journals Leadership Styles of Principals and Teachers of Nigerian Unity Schools: Using School Environment as a Tool For School Achievement

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Khalil Yusuf Uthman ◽  
Yahya Bn Don ◽  
Abd Latif Kasim
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
School Improvement ◽  
Professional Learning ◽  
School Environment ◽  
School Achievement ◽  
School Level ◽  
Learning Collaborative ◽  
The North ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Teachers And Students

Collaborative, non-traditional leadership practices have attracted little attention in research about sustainable school achievement in Nigerian unity schools.  The involvement of teachers in the administration of schools is well justified and arise from the need to boost school environment for the sake of attaining school achievement. The absence of teachers in the administration of unity schools impedes the proper attainment of school achievement. The purpose of this research is to reports on the outcomes of transformational leadership efforts in Nigerian unity schools aimed at enhancing the use of teachers in the administrative set-up.  This study was carried out in seven selected unity schools all located in the north-eastern part of Nigeria. The study used  Multifactor questionnaire 5x, School level environment questionnaire (SLEQ) and School Improvement questionnaire (SIQ) with 5 Likert-scale that involved the use of 800 questionnaires which were sent in which 790 were returned and 760 found valid for data analysis. Participants were drawn from a wide range of disciplines across the sampled schools. The establishment and operation of these school relied on a transformational leadership methodology by principals that facilitates acts of initiative, innovation, vision and courage through group interaction rather than through designated hierarchical roles. This research used the quantitative approach.  The study found out that transformational leadership approach is effective in overcoming problems associated with lack of involvement of teachers in the building of a fruitful environment capable of bringing a good school achievement through cultivating the habit of a transformational leader, the principals of unity schools enabled teachers and other stake holders to engage in peer-led professional learning, collaborative curriculum and pedagogical development, and to facilitate wider institutional change (school achievement). This paper demonstrates that the transformational leadership model for a high school achievement reported here is effective in building capacity for both teachers and students via involvement of teachers in building the environment. The model is flexible enough for a variety of institutional settings, and hence, recommends the use of teachers in secondary school’s administration.

Transformational school leadership and teacher self-efficacy as predictors of perceived collective teacher efficacy

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan R Ninković ◽  
Olivera Č Knežević Florić
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Teacher Efficacy ◽  
School Leadership ◽  
Collective Efficacy ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Collective Teacher Efficacy ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Teacher Self Efficacy

Although scholars have acknowledged the role of collaborative relationships of teachers in improving the quality of instruction, teacher collective efficacy continues to be a neglected construct in educational research. The purpose of this paper is to explore the relations between transformational school leadership, teacher self-efficacy and perceived collective teacher efficacy, using a sample of 120 permanent secondary-school teachers in Serbia, whose average age was 42.5. The results of the hierarchical regression analysis showed that transformational school leadership and teacher self-efficacy were independent predictors of teacher collective efficacy. The research findings also showed that individually-focused transformational leadership contributed significantly to an explanation of collective efficiency after controlling specific predictor effects of group-focused dimensions of transformational leadership. It is argued that the results have a double meaning. First, this study expanded the understanding of the relationship between different dimensions of transformational school leadership and collective teacher efficacy. Second, a contribution of teacher self-efficacy to collective efficacy beliefs was established, confirming the assumptions of social cognitive theory on reciprocal causality between two types of perceived efficacy: individual and collective.

scholarly journals The relationship between school climate and students’ engagement at school

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-274
Author(s):  
Dejan Djordjic
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
School Climate ◽  
Student Engagement ◽  
Emotional Engagement ◽  
School Life ◽  
School Students ◽  
Teacher Student ◽  
Climate Scale ◽  
Novi Sad ◽  
The Relationship

The school climate is a construct that can adequately represent the quality of school life. School climate is the sum of perceptions of teachers, parents, students and administration about different aspects of school functioning and has an impact on their lives. The aim of the research was to determine the relationship between the school climate and student engagement. The sample consists of 332 high school students from Sombor and Novi Sad. The Delaware School Climate Scale was used, namely the School Climate and Student Engagement subscales. Prior to data processing, a confirmatory factor analysis was performed to confirm the latent dimensionality of the used instruments. Then, descriptive indicators were presented. According to descriptive indicators students assess the school climate moderately, and on average they are more cognitively/behaviourally engaged than emotionally. The intercorrelation table indicates low to moderate correlations between variables. In order to respond to the aim of the study, two multiple regression analyses were performed. Regression analysis shows that teacher student relations are statistically sig?nificant predictor of all three types of student engagement, while fairness of school rules appears as a statistically significant predictor of cognitive/behavioural student engagement, and the factor respect for diversity of students? emotional engagement. Similar results are found in other studies conducted around the world.

Proximate sources of collective teacher efficacy

2006 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 625-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Curt M. Adams ◽  
Patrick B. Forsyth
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Teacher Efficacy ◽  
Teacher Perceptions ◽  
Collective Efficacy ◽  
School Level ◽  
Collective Teacher Efficacy ◽  
School Structure ◽  
Contextual Variables ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sources Of Efficacy

PurposeRecent scholarship has augmented Bandura's theory underlying efficacy formation by pointing to more proximate sources of efficacy information involved in forming collective teacher efficacy. These proximate sources of efficacy information theoretically shape a teacher's perception of the teaching context, operationalizing the difficulty of the teaching task that faces the school and the faculty's collective competence to be successful under specific conditions. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of three contextual variables: socioeconomic status, school level, and school structure on teacher perceptions of collective efficacy.Design/methodology/approachSchool level data were collected from a cross‐section of 79 schools in a Midwestern state. Data were analyzed at the school level using hierarchical multiple regression to determine the incremental variance in collective teacher efficacy beliefs attributed to contextual variables after accounting for the effect of prior academic performance.FindingsResults support the premise that contextual variables do add power to explanations of collective teacher efficacy over and above the effects of prior academic performance. Further, of the three contextual variables school structure independently accounted for the most variability in perceptions of collective teacher efficacy.Research limitations/implicationsA sample of 79 schools was considered small to accurately test a hypothesized model of collective teacher efficacy formation using structural equation modeling. That approach would have had the advantage of permitting the researchers to identify the relationships among the predictor variables and between the predictors and the criterion. Additionally, there was a concern of possible aggregation bias associated with aggregating collective teacher efficacy scores to the school level. Despite these limitations, the findings hold theoretical and practical implications in that they defend the theoretical importance of contextual factors as efficacy sources. Furthermore, formalized and centralized conditions conducive to promoting perceptions of collective efficacy in teachers are identified.Originality/valueExtant collective efficacy studies have generally not operationalized Bandura's efficacy sources to include the effects of current context. This study does.

Predicting school innovation

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-262
Author(s):  
Nitza Schwabsky ◽  
Ufuk Erdogan ◽  
Megan Tschannen-Moran
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Efficacy ◽  
School Level ◽  
Collective Teacher Efficacy ◽  
Academic Press ◽  
Faculty Trust ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bivariate Correlation ◽  
Study Results ◽  
School Innovation

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of collective teacher efficacy, academic press and faculty trust, all of which are components of academic optimism (AO), in predicting school innovation. In addition, the authors explored the extent to which faculty trust mediates the association between collective teacher efficacy and academic press with school innovation. Design/methodology/approach In all, 1,009 teachers from 79 schools in Northern Israel completed anonymous questionnaires about AO and innovation. Aggregation, descriptive statistics, bivariate correlation analyses and mediation analysis were performed to analyze the data. Findings Results showed that the components of AO, i.e., collective teacher efficacy, academic press and trust, were positively correlated to school innovation, and that trust mediated the relationship between collective teacher efficacy and school innovation. The study results confirmed that AO holds a significant predictive value in school innovation and highlights the importance of trust in supporting innovation. Practical implications As school leaders are challenged to foster innovative new practices in their schools, the findings suggest that they will need to know how to cultivate collective teacher efficacy, academic press and faculty trust. Originality/value This is the first study to examine the role of the components of AO in predicting innovation. By using a robust sample, the authors were able to examine the proposed school-level model with respect to the factors that affect school innovation. Originality also lies in the organizational approach to educational innovation in relation to faculty’s beliefs and behaviors.

scholarly journals “We Respect Them, and They Respect Us”: The Value of Interpersonal Relationships in Enhancing Student Engagement

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 634
Author(s):  
Joanne Banks ◽  
Emer Smyth
Keyword(s):  
Student Engagement ◽  
Young People ◽  
School Engagement ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
School Level ◽  
Early School Leaving ◽  
Teacher Student ◽  
Early School

Attempts to understand the patterns behind student disengagement and early school leaving have traditionally focussed on early school leavers’ individual characteristics. More recently, however, studies have begun to focus on the extent to which early school leaving is shaped by school-level factors, and in particular the central role of teachers and pedagogy, in (dis)engaging students. Studies have consistently shown how negative teacher–student relations can dominate the lives of young people, leading to poor attendance and behavioural issues which often culminate in them disengaging, leaving or being expelled from school. Furthermore, there is a growing interest in the role of pedagogical strategies in enhancing teacher–student relations, increasing student engagement and bringing about more socially just systems of education. Using in-depth qualitative interviews with staff working in a school engagement programme aimed at preventing early school leaving (the School Completion Programme) and young people who have left school early and who are now participating in an alternative education setting in Ireland as well as staff in those settings (the National Youthreach Programme), this paper provides a unique comparison of two approaches to learner engagement. Findings highlight the centrality of caring and respectful relationships between teachers and students across the two programmes. This paper suggests that aspects of the ‘productive pedagogies’ framework are being used to overcome barriers by placing equal emphasis on student wellbeing and formal learning. However, both programmes operate outside ‘mainstream’ education, with little scope for integration with the mainstream system. This paper concludes that at the micro level, the programmes are effective in re-engaging young people with education but argues that this has little impact at a broader level, where mainstream school practices impacting on student disengagement and early school leaving remain unchanged.

scholarly journals Collective efficacy: toward a new narrative of its development and role in achievement

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Hoogsteen
Keyword(s):  
Student Achievement ◽  
School Improvement ◽  
Collective Efficacy ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
The Body ◽  
School Level ◽  
Collective Teacher Efficacy ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences ◽  
General School

AbstractThe body of collective teacher efficacy (CTE) research has developed considerably since Goddard referred to the school-level factor as a “neglected construct” in the study of schools and achievement. The research base has identified quantitative effects, antecedents, and consequences, all of which support the claim that collective efficacy is important to schools and achievement while also supporting the claim by Goddard et al. that schools should be led in a direction that will develop collective efficacy, which will in turn spur continuous growth in CTE and student achievement. Even with all of this, a gap in the literature remains, and instead of considering the reciprocal relationship between collective efficacy and achievement, the excitement behind the positive outcomes of collective efficacy has led to wider exposure of the concept and, as argued, a misguided attempt to treat CTE as the main catalyst for enacting school improvement. Considering this latter point, general school improvement literature from the realms of leadership and collaboration is drawn upon and connected to CTE research in an endeavor to create a more holistic narrative of collective efficacy, its development, and its role in school improvement and student achievement.

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