scholarly journals The impacts of community-based HIV testing and counselling on testing uptake

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaelan Sumo Sulat ◽  
Yayi Suryo Prabandari ◽  
Rossi Sanusi ◽  
Elsi Dwi Hapsari ◽  
Budiono Santoso
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Treatment Services ◽  
Hiv Testing And Counselling ◽  
At Risk Populations ◽  
Meta Analyses

Purpose Community-based HIV testing and counselling (HTC) has been recommended for improving access to prevention, care, and treatment services in at-risk populations. Earlier systematic reviews and meta-analyses have been undertaken, but due to some methodological limitations, their findings do not yet provide a practical significance. The purpose of this paper is to re-examine the recent evidence of the efficacy of community-based HTC approaches on the uptake of HTC in at-risk populations. Design/methodology/approach The database of PubMed online, Science Direct, the Lancet Global Health, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Google Scholar were systematically searched using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines to obtain empirical papers published between March 2013 and December 2015. Findings Of 600 collected papers, there were 6 cluster randomized trials papers which met the inclusion criteria. Compared to the health facilities-based HTC, community-based HTC approaches have been shown to improve the uptake of HIV testing from 5.8 to 37 per cent, and improve HIV testing in men and their partners together from 6.8 to 34 per cent. The community approaches also detected lower HIV-positive cases (0.29 per cent as compared to 4 per cent), improved access to treatment services from 0.3 to 25 per cent, demonstrated higher cluster differentiation 4 count in newly diagnosed patients (median of 400-438 cells/µl), and increased the rate of first-time HIV testing from 9 to 11.8 per cent. With respect to social and behavioural outcomes, community-based HTC increased social norms for HIV testing by 6 per cent (95 per cent CI 3-9), decreased multiple sex partners by 55 per cent (95 per cent CI 42-73), lowered casual sex by 45 per cent (95 per cent CI 33-62), increased knowledge about HIV (83.2 vs 28.9 per cent), improved positive attitudes towards HIV patients (73.0 vs 34.3 per cent), and increased the use of condoms (28.0 vs 12.3 per cent). Originality/value Community-based HTC combined with behavioural interventions have been found to be more effective in increasing the uptake of HIV testing as well as other outcomes as compared to the conventional health facilities-based testing and counselling approaches.

At-Risk Groups of Men Who Have Sex With Men Can Be Reached Through Community-Based HIV Testing in Denmark

2021 ◽  
pp. 361-371
Author(s):  
Holger Nordstr⊘m Munck ◽  
Tavs Qvist ◽  
Marie Helleberg ◽  
Per Slaaen Kaye ◽  
Francois Pichon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Anal Sex ◽  
Community Based ◽  
At Risk Populations ◽  
Conventional Health Care ◽  
Sex With Men

This study evaluates whether the community-based HIV testing clinic Checkpoint could reach at-risk groups of men who have sex with men (MSM) and link patients to care. A prospective observational study of all Checkpoint visits during 2013–2016 and a retrospective registry study of all MSM diagnosed with HIV in Denmark during the same period were conducted. One percent of the 9,074 tests in Checkpoint were HIV-positive, accounting for 19% of all new HIV diagnoses among MSM in Denmark. Checkpoint testers reported frequent condomless anal sex. Two percent of migrant Checkpoint testers were HIV-positive compared to 1% among Danish MSM. HIV-positive MSM identified through Checkpoint were significantly younger, more of them were migrant, and a smaller proportion were late testers compared to those testing through the conventional health care system. Checkpoint reaches at-risk populations of MSM and links patients successfully to care.

At-Risk Groups of Men Who Have Sex With Men can be Reached Through Community-Based HIV Testing in Denmark

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 439-449
Author(s):  
Holger Nordstrom Munck ◽  
Tavs Qvist ◽  
Marie Helleberg ◽  
Per Slaaen Kaye ◽  
Francois Pichon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Anal Sex ◽  
Community Based ◽  
At Risk Populations ◽  
Conventional Health Care ◽  
Sex With Men

This study evaluates whether the community-based HIV testing clinic Checkpoint could reach at-risk groups of men who have sex with men (MSM) and link patients to care. A prospective observational study of all Checkpoint visits during 2013–2016 and a retrospective registry study of all MSM diagnosed with HIV in Denmark during the same period were conducted. One percent of the 9,074 tests in Checkpoint were HIV-positive, accounting for 19% of all new HIV diagnoses among MSM in Denmark. Checkpoint testers reported frequent condomless anal sex. Two percent of migrant Checkpoint testers were HIV-positive compared to 1 % among Danish MSM. HIV-positive MSM identified through Checkpoint were significantly younger, more of them were migrant, and a smaller proportion were late testers compared to those testing through the conventional health care system. Checkpoint reaches at-risk populations of MSM and links patients successfully to care.

scholarly journals ‘Break the Chains 2015’ community-based HIV prevention campaign for men who have sex with men in Switzerland: non-randomised evaluation and cost analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. e032459
Author(s):  
Kathrin Frey ◽  
Stéphanie Lociciro ◽  
Patricia Blank ◽  
Matthias Schwenkglenks ◽  
Françoise Dubois-Arber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Prevention Campaign ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Hiv Acquisition ◽  
Risk Of Hiv Acquisition ◽  
Campaign Message

ObjectivesTo study the implementation, effects and costs of Break the Chains, a community-based HIV prevention campaign for men who have sex with men (MSM) in Switzerland, from March to May 2015, which aimed to reduce early HIV transmission by promoting the campaign message to adopt short-term risk reduction followed by HIV testing.DesignNon-randomised evaluation and cost analysis.SettingGay venues in 11 of 26 cantons in Switzerland and national online media campaign.ParticipantsMSM in online surveys (precampaign n=834, postcampaign n=688) or attending HIV testing centres (n=885); campaign managers (n=9); and campaign staff (n=38) or further intermediaries (n=80) in an online survey.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome measure was the proportion of MSM at risk of HIV acquisition or transmission who adhered to the campaign message. Secondary outcomes were postcampaign test uptake, knowledge about HIV primary infection and sense of belonging to the gay community.ResultsCampaign staff estimated that they contacted 17 145 MSM in 11 cantons. Among 688 respondents to the postcampaign survey, 311 (45.2%) were categorised as MSM at risk. Of 402/688 (58.5%) MSM who had heard about Break the Chains 2015, MSM categorised as being at risk were less likely to report adherence to the campaign message than MSM not at risk (adjusted OR 0.24; 95% CI 0.14 to 0.42). Twenty per cent of MSM with a defined risk of HIV acquisition or transmission who adopted risk reduction declared having done so because of the campaign. Costs for one MSM at risk to adhere to the campaign message were estimated at USD purchasing power parity 36–55. The number of HIV tests in the month after the campaign was twice the monthly average.ConclusionBreak the Chains increased HIV testing, implying that community-based campaigns are useful HIV prevention strategies for MSM. Additional interventions are needed to reach MSM at the highest risk of infection more effectively.

scholarly journals Quality of the Evidence Supporting the Role of Oral Nutritional Supplements in the Management of Malnutrition: An Overview of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Baldwin ◽  
Rosemary Smith ◽  
Michelle Gibbs ◽  
C Elizabeth Weekes ◽  
Peter W Emery
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Hospital Readmissions ◽  
Nutritional Supplement ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Oral Nutritional Supplements ◽  
Meta Analyses

ABSTRACT There is considerable heterogeneity across the findings of systematic reviews of oral nutritional supplement (ONS) interventions, presenting difficulties for healthcare decision-makers and patients alike. It is not known whether heterogeneity arises from differences in patient populations or relates to methodological rigor. This overview aimed to collate and compare findings from systematic reviews of ONSs compared with routine care in adult patients who were malnourished or at risk of malnutrition with any clinical condition and to examine their methodological quality. Three electronic databases were searched to July 2019, supplemented with hand-searching. Data on all outcomes were extracted and review methodological quality assessed using A MeaSurement Tool for Assessment of systematic Reviews (AMSTAR). Twenty-two reviews were included, 11 in groups from mixed clinical backgrounds and 11 in specific clinical conditions. Ninety-one meta-analyses were identified for 12 different outcomes but there was discordance between results. Significant benefits of ONSs were reported in 4 of 4 analyses of energy intake, 7 of 11 analyses of body weight, 7 of 22 analyses of mortality, 10 of 17 analyses of complications (total and infectious), 1 of 3 analyses of muscle strength, 4 of 9 analyses of body composition/nutritional status, 2 of 14 analyses of length of stay, and 2 of 5 analyses of hospital readmissions. Ten reviews were high quality (AMSTAR scores 8–11), 9 moderate (AMSTAR scores 3–8), and 3 poor (AMSTAR scores 0–3). Methodological deficiencies were limitations to searches, poor reporting of heterogeneity, and failure to incorporate quality of evidence into any recommendations. Discordance between reviews was not markedly reduced when only high-quality reviews were considered. Evidence for the effects of ONS in malnourished patients or those who are at risk of malnutrition is uncertain, and discordance in results can arise from differences in clinical background of patients or the etiological basis of malnutrition.

Test for Triage: A New Approach to Community-based HIV Testing and Counselling

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (S1) ◽  
pp. A111-A111
Author(s):  
Rachel Baggaley ◽  
Kathryn Curran ◽  
Cheryl Johnson ◽  
Anita Sands ◽  
Martina Brostrom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Community Based ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Hiv Testing And Counselling

scholarly journals Understanding Community-based HIV/AIDS Service Organizations: An Invaluable Source of HPV-related Cancer Information for At-risk Populations

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Lisa T. Wigfall ◽  
Patricia Goodson ◽  
George B. Cunningham ◽  
Idethia S. Harvey ◽  
Tamika D. Gilreath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Service Organizations ◽  
Cancer Information ◽  
Community Based ◽  
At Risk Populations ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals Review of the evidence for adolescent and young person specific, community-based health services for NHS managers

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemma Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Young Person ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Content Type ◽  
School Based ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Specific Health

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the evidence surrounding the design and delivery of adolescent-specific health services for young people aged 14-25. This aims to make recommendations for National Health Service (NHS) senior management teams on the available literature relating to service design for children’s and young people's services within the UK. Design/methodology/approach – This paper presents a mini-review carried out in Spring 2013 using EMBASE, BNI, PSYCHinfo, MEDLINE and Google Scholar to systematically search available published and unpublished research papers. Systematic reviews, meta-analyses and evaluations of service models were included within this review. Adapted “GRADE” criteria were used to appraise the evidence. Findings – Of 70 papers found, 22 met the inclusion criteria. There were five main service designs found within the literature: hospital-based; school-linked or school-based; community based; combination and integrative; and other methods which did not fit into the four other categories. Research limitations/implications – This review is limited to the literature available within the inclusion criteria and search strategy used. It intends to inform management decisions in combination with other parameters and available evidence. Originality/value – There is range of research and evidence syntheses relating to adolescent services, but none of these have been conducted with a focus on the UK NHS and the information needs of managers re-designing services in the current climate within England.

scholarly journals The Linked Response: Lessons Emerging from Integration of HIV and Reproductive Health Services in Cambodia

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna White ◽  
Thérèse Delvaux ◽  
Chhorvann Chhea ◽  
Sarun Saramony ◽  
Vichea Ouk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Health Staff ◽  
Reproductive Health Services ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Hiv Positive Women

A qualitative assessment was made of service provider and user perceptions of the quality of integrated reproductive health services established through a pilot intervention in Cambodia. The intervention aimed to promote pregnant women's HIV testing and general utilization of reproductive health facilities as well as improve the follow-up of HIV-positive women and exposed infants through strengthened referral and operational linkages amongst health facilities/services and community-based support interventions for PLHIV. The study was conducted in one operational district where the intervention was piloted and for comparative purposes in a district where integrated services had yet to be implemented. Service providers in the pilot district reported improved collaboration and coordination of services, more effective referral, and the positive impact of improved proximity of HIV testing through integrated local level facilities. Community-based support teams for PLHIV embraced their expanded role, were valued by families receiving their assistance, and were understood to have had an important role in referral, PMTCT follow-up and countering PLHIV stigmatization; findings which underscore the potential role of community support in integrated service provision. Challenges identified included stigmatization of PLHIV by health staff at district hospital level and a lack of confidence amongst non-specialized health staff when managing deliveries by HIV-positive women, partly due to fear of HIV transmission.

Development of the community based individual risk mitigation profile (IRMP) for people who have intellectual disability and are at risk of offending

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Hutchinson ◽  
Vicky Dunn
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Content Type ◽  
A Current

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to discuss the development of the community-based individual risk mitigation profile (IRMP) and to examine its effectiveness for people who have an intellectual disability, and are at risk of offending, through the use of a case study. Design/methodology/approach – Case study and literature review. Findings – The tool has been found to be useful and accessible by clinicians. It has a particular focus on joint sharing of opinion on risk and decision making in a structured and contained multi-disciplinary forum, that is evidence-based and defensible. This multi-disciplinary approach meets recommendations in best practice in relation to risk. Research limitations/implications – A current limitation is that the IRMP has not been evaluated for reliability and validity, though a research study is being planned. Originality/value – The paper highlights the usefulness of a community-based risk profile assessment and linked risk mitigation process.

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