The socio-cultural determinants of tourism: the case of Turkey

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Selman Bayrakcı ◽  
Ceyhun Can Ozcan
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Models ◽  
Tourism Demand ◽  
Economic Variables ◽  
Population Number ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cultural Variables ◽  
Cointegration Tests ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Cultural Determinants

PurposeThe study aims to determine the socio-cultural variables that affect Turkey's tourism demand. The study proposes how important socio-cultural determinants as well as economic determinants affect tourism demand.Design/methodology/approachThe study examined a sample of 19 countries sending the most visitors to Turkey between 1996 and 2017 by using panel unit root, panel cointegration tests and cointegration estimator methods. The data set consists of variables such as GDP per capita (lnGDPP), total population number (lnPOP), urbanization level, information and communication technology (lnICT), human development index (lnHDI), education level and death rates (lnDTH).FindingsThe findings from the analysis provide evidence that the variables in the models show the expected effects on tourism demand. The findings show that apart from economic variables, socio-cultural variables also have an important effect on tourism demand.Research limitations/implicationsThe socio-cultural models used in the study were created using variables that can be quantified. The study results are valid for the countries included in the analysis.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study will contribute to policymakers in determining the market for Turkish tourism. The results show that the policies to be prepared by considering the socio-cultural characteristics of countries can increase the tourism demand.Originality/valueThe study is significant in that it focuses on socio-cultural variables rather than economic variables commonly used in the literature. The study is original in terms of both the study sample and the model and considers cross-sectional dependency (CD) and homogeneity.

Do intraday week effect in currencies hourly trading reflect leverage and asymmetric anomalies? Policy implications for traders

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wajid Shakeel Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Sohaib ◽  
Jamal Maqsood ◽  
Ateeb Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Garch Model ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Asymmetric Effect ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Rational Choices ◽  
Trading Pattern

Purpose The purpose of this study is to determine if intraday week (IDW) effect of the currencies reflect leverage and asymmetric impact in currencies market. The study data set comprises of intraday patterns of 15 currencies from developed and emerging economies. Design methodology approach The study applies the exponential generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (E-GARCH) model technique to observe the IDW leverage and asymmetric effect after introducing hourly dummies variables, namely, IDWmon, IDWwed, IDWfrid and IDWfrid-mon. Findings The study results favor the propositions and confirm that IDW effect do exist in the international forex markets in relation to hourly trading pattern for respective currencies. Mostly, currencies do depreciate on Monday and Wednesday compared to the rest of the days. However, on the last trading day, i.e. Friday currencies observe an appreciation pattern which is for both economies. The results have an evidence of leverage and asymmetric effect confirmed by the E-GARCH model as a result of press releases and influence by micro-factors in the currency markets. Practical implications The study believes to have theoretical connection related to the better understanding of currencies trend for developed and emerging economies, as the IDW effect exists. Moreover, confirmation of both the leverage and asymmetric effect in observed currencies would be able to assist the investors in making rational choices during the trading hours and would confirm considerable profits through profit incentivized strategies. Originality value The study not only add knowledge to the previous study work in relation to the hourly trading pattern of currencies with reference to the IDW effects but also highlights the leverage and asymmetric effect in currencies that will help in formulating future trading strategies particular to emerging economies.

Purchasing-logistics integration and supplier performance: an information-processing view

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 379-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan Ashenbaum ◽  
Arnold Maltz
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Dyadic Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Internal Connection ◽  
Supplier Performance ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Purchasing Managers ◽  
Purchasing Logistics ◽  
Mutual Responsibility

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a purchasing-logistics integration (PLI) conceptualization along two dimensions: mutual responsibility and integrative efforts. This conceptualization is then tested as to whether it provides any insights for supplier performance. Design/methodology/approach Information-Processing Theory is used to posit hypotheses linking the dimensions of PLI with various measures of supplier performance. Hypotheses are then tested with a dyadic data set of purchasing and logistics managers, using multiple regression methods. Findings Purchasing managers found mutual responsibility to positively influence supplier delivery speed, whereas logistics managers found it to positively influence supplier price performance. Generally speaking, purchasing managers perceived a stronger linkage between formal integrative efforts (liaison roles and joint reward systems) and supplier performance, whereas logistics managers perceived this linkage to be stronger for informal integrative efforts such as information exchange and collaboration. Research limitations/implications Study results are cross-sectional in nature and consist of three major industry groupings. The dyadic data were analyzed separately to avoid significant data loss. Practical implications Supply chain managers will find the areas where purchasing and logistics managers overlap in their perceptions (as well as where they differ) useful. In addition, an understanding of how PLI influences supplier performance should help improve organizational effectiveness. Originality/value PLI is a highly important, yet understudied, internal connection. This study provides a useful framework in helping academics and practitioners better understand this crucial internal connection, and how it relates to the performance extracted from suppliers.

Exploring the role of service touchpoints on the path to financial, behavioral and relational customer outcomes: insights from a B2B service context

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lily (Xuehui) Gao ◽  
Iguácel Melero-Polo ◽  
Miguel Á. Ruz-Mendoza ◽  
Andreea Trifu
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Sales Force ◽  
Seemingly Unrelated Regression ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Customer Perceptions ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
Customer Outcomes

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine how and to what extent customer-provider service touchpoints impact business customer perceptions and outcomes in the context of long-term business-to-business (B2B) service relationships. To this end, the authors will assess the chain of effect path for different service touchpoints between business customers and service providers – and the long-term impact both on customer perceptions and financial, behavioral and relational outcomes. Design/methodology/approach Enabled by a five-year panel data set, seemingly unrelated regression model methodology is applied to test the proposed conceptual framework. Data are obtained for a sample of 2,175 B2B insurance service companies between 2013 and 2017. Findings Study results shed light on the significance of the sales force in B2B settings, as one of several key service touchpoints – together with firm expertise, service reliability and excellence – driving robust relationships, profitability and cross-buying. Firm-initiated contacts and tangible touchpoints are proven to be ineffective – even damaging in some instances – in terms of driving business customer perceptions. Originality/value The paper delivers empirical evidence providing insight on how service touchpoints and business customer perceptions have a long-term impact on customer outcomes. This has yet to be addressed in B2B service settings – despite being of vital interest to marketers, as the longitudinal approach of the research aids service firms in gaining a better understanding of company-customer touchpoints and the extent to which different factors have a decisive, lasting impact on B2B customer outcomes.

The effect of freedom on international tourism demand: Empirical evidence from the top eight most visited countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 1358-1373
Author(s):  
Umit Bulut ◽  
Emrah Kocak ◽  
Courtney Suess
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Civil Liberties ◽  
The United States ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Tourism Demand ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Cointegration Tests ◽  
The Impact

The present study investigates the impact of freedom (i.e. the effects of political rights and civil liberties) on tourist arrivals for the eight countries with the highest tourist arrivals in 2016 (France, the United States, Spain, China, Italy, the United Kingdom, Germany, and Mexico), using annual data from 1998 to 2016, through advanced panel data methods. Notably, the key strengths of this study are as follows: (i) it examines the impact of institutional quality on international tourism demand for the most visited countries and (ii) it employs advanced panel data techniques, which have been suggested in recent years. We first constituted a freedom index using political rights and civil liberties data. Second, we performed cross-sectional dependence (CD) tests to examine whether there existed CD in the panel data set. After detecting the presence of CD, we used panel unit root and cointegration tests, which are robust to CD to avoid problems from spurious regression. Finally, we estimated long-run parameters of the empirical model through a panel data estimator that is capable of presenting efficient and unbiased output in the presence of CD. Our empirical findings show that the level of freedom may play a role in explaining the volume of international tourist arrivals. Theoretical and policy implications are discussed in the study, particularly with respect to the importance of rights and freedom in the context of international inbound tourist arrivals.

A study on the factors affecting household solar adoption in Kerala, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 1695-1720
Author(s):  
Chandan Parsad ◽  
Shashank Mittal ◽  
Raveesh Krishnankutty
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Investment Decision ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Ann Model ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Results

PurposeRecent research on the energy system highlights the need for understanding the bandwidth of drivers and inhibitors of household investor's behaviour in rooftop PV (or photovoltaic power system) and to fit the broader socio-economic context in which they are deployed. However, apart from few exceptions, these newer perspectives have not been duly applied in the research on rooftop PV. This paper aims to fill this gap and to shed new light on rooftop PV investment decisions.Design/methodology/approachThis study has been conducted with the primary data collected using two data sets of 237 households and 387 households of Indian southern state Kerala using survey-based questionnaire. The findings from first data set revealed that households considering the adoption of PV were likely influenced by six distinct factors, three motivators and three inhibitors. Second data set for multi-state analytic approach was proposed whereby the research model was tested using structural equation modelling (SEM). The outcomes of SEM were used as inputs for an artificial neural network (ANN) model for forecasting investor investment decision in in renewables. The ANN model was also used to rank the relative influence of significant predictors obtained from SEM.FindingsIn line with the risk–return framework, government subsidies act as primary motivator which helps in overcoming the initial risk of investment in the new technology. Further, low prices and low cost of maintenance are some of the financial motivators which may likely mitigate the long-term apprehension of returns and maintenance cost. Lastly, the strongest motivators of PV investment come from the environmental and financial motivator in the form of PV subsidies, which further solidifies the role of policy interventions in investment decision. The ANN model identified the technical barrier and knowledge and awareness factors play a significant role in forcasting the investor investing decision.Practical implicationsThe study results will be useful for policymakers for framing strategies to attract and influence their investment in renewable energy.Originality/valueBuilding upon behavioural finance and institutional theory, this paper posits that, in addition to a rational evaluation of the economics of the investment opportunities, various non-financial factors affect the household's decision to invest in renewables.

Customer attrition analysis in the securities industry: a large-scale field study in Korea

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 561-577
Author(s):  
Yongkil Ahn ◽  
Dongyeon Kim ◽  
Dong-Joo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Investment Banking ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Scale Field ◽  
Large Scale Field ◽  
Securities Industry ◽  
Customer Attrition

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the attributes that predict customer attrition behavior in the brokerage and investment banking sectors. Design/methodology/approach The authors analyze the complete stock trading records and customer profiles of 458,098 retail customers from a Korean brokerage house. The authors develop customer attrition prediction models and further explore the practicality of these models using statistical classification techniques. Findings The results from three different binary selection models indicate that customer transaction patterns effectively explain the attrition of active retail customers in subsequent periods. The study results demonstrate that monetary value variables are the most critical for predicting customer attrition in the securities industry. Research limitations/implications This study contributes to the customer attrition literature by documenting the first large-scale field-based evidence that confirms the practicality of the canonical recency, frequency and monetary (RFM) framework in the investment banking and brokerage industry. The findings advance previous survey-based studies in the financial services industry by identifying the attributes that predict customer attrition behaviors in the securities industry. Practical implications The outcomes can be easily operationalized for attrition prediction by practitioners in financial service firms. Moreover, the ex post density of inactive customers in the top 10 percent most-likely-to-churn group is estimated to be five to six times the ex ante unconditional attrition ratio, which ascertains that the attributes recognized in this study work well for the purpose of target marketing. Originality/value While the securities industry is regarded as one of the most information-intensive industries, detailed empirical investigation into customer attrition in the field has lagged behind partly due to the lack of suitable securities transaction data and demographic information at the customer level. The current research fills this gap in the literature by taking advantage of a large-scale field data set and offers a starting point for more elaborate studies on the drivers of customer attrition in the financial services sector.

scholarly journals Comparing tagging suggestion models on discrete corpora

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-221
Author(s):  
Bojan Bozic ◽  
Andre Rios ◽  
Sarah Jane Delany
Keyword(s):  
Naive Bayes ◽  
Naïve Bayes ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Sample Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tag Prediction

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the methods for the prediction of tags on a textual corpus that describes diverse data sets based on short messages; as an example, the authors demonstrate the usage of methods based on hotel staff inputs in a ticketing system as well as the publicly available StackOverflow corpus. The aim is to improve the tagging process and find the most suitable method for suggesting tags for a new text entry. Design/methodology/approach The paper consists of two parts: exploration of existing sample data, which includes statistical analysis and visualisation of the data to provide an overview, and evaluation of tag prediction approaches. The authors have included different approaches from different research fields to cover a broad spectrum of possible solutions. As a result, the authors have tested a machine learning model for multi-label classification (using gradient boosting), a statistical approach (using frequency heuristics) and three similarity-based classification approaches (nearest centroid, k-nearest neighbours (k-NN) and naive Bayes). The experiment that compares the approaches uses recall to measure the quality of results. Finally, the authors provide a recommendation of the modelling approach that produces the best accuracy in terms of tag prediction on the sample data. Findings The authors have calculated the performance of each method against the test data set by measuring recall. The authors show recall for each method with different features (except for frequency heuristics, which does not provide the option to add additional features) for the dmbook pro and StackOverflow data sets. k-NN clearly provides the best recall. As k-NN turned out to provide the best results, the authors have performed further experiments with values of k from 1–10. This helped us to observe the impact of the number of neighbours used on the performance and to identify the best value for k. Originality/value The value and originality of the paper are given by extensive experiments with several methods from different domains. The authors have used probabilistic methods, such as naive Bayes, statistical methods, such as frequency heuristics, and similarity approaches, such as k-NN. Furthermore, the authors have produced results on an industrial-scale data set that has been provided by a company and used directly in their project, as well as a community-based data set with a large amount of data and dimensionality. The study results can be used to select a model based on diverse corpora for a specific use case, taking into account advantages and disadvantages when applying the model to your data.

Understanding entrepreneurial academics ‐ how they perceive their environment differently

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 599-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd Davey ◽  
Victoria Galan-Muros
Keyword(s):  
Academic Entrepreneurship ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Entrepreneurial Behaviour ◽  
Narrow View ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activities ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeAcademic entrepreneurship is seen as a pathway for universities to create value from their knowledge. However, there has been a lack of clarity about what activities constitute academic entrepreneurship, the different type of entrepreneurial academics and how their perceptions of their environment relate to their engagement.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on a large data set of 10,836 responses across 33 countries, the empirical study investigates European academics who undertake four academic entrepreneurship activities (spin-out creation, commercialisation of R&D results, joint R&D and consulting) to determine if they perceive the environment for academic entrepreneurship differently than those who undertake only some of the activities and those undertaking none at all.FindingsThe findings show that less than 1% of academics undertake exclusively spin-offs creation or R&D commercialisation; however, the majority also engage in other entrepreneurial activities such as joint R&D and consulting and even other education and management engagement activities with industry. In addition, entrepreneurial academics in Europe perceive significantly higher motivators and more developed supporting mechanisms for academic entrepreneurship. However, their perceptions of barriers are similar.Practical implicationsAt a managerial and policy level, the study results call into question universities prioritising a narrow view of academic entrepreneurship which focusses only on spin-offs creation and R&D commercialisation. Instead, a broader view of academic entrepreneurship is recommended and appropriate mechanisms in place to enable academics to achieve research outcomes from their entrepreneurial activity.Originality/valueThis paper offers an important contribution on how the perception of the environment contributes to the development of entrepreneurial behaviour in individual academics.

Exploring the effect of intellectual capital on financial performance: a study of Indian banks

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faizi Weqar ◽  
Ahmed Musa Khan ◽  
Syed Mohammed Imamul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Physical Capital ◽  
Foreign Banks ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Nationalised Banks ◽  
Indian Banks

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to inspect the effect of intellectual capital (IC) on the financial performance (FP) of Indian banks. Design/methodology/approach The study uses the data of 58 Indian banks, namely, 20 nationalised banks, 17 private Indian banks and 21 private foreign banks, for the period between 2009 and 2018. A modified value-added intellectual coefficient methodology was used for measuring the efficiency of the IC. Findings The efficiency of IC significantly enhances the profitability and productivity of the Indian banks. Overall, human capital is the most substantial component of IC in augmenting the profitability and productivity of the Indian banking industry. Structural capital and physical capital are vital only for improving profitability while the contribution of relational capital towards the banks’ FP is nominal. The result also shows that amongst the three categories of Indian banks, private foreign banks are most efficient in leveraging their IC. Research limitations/implications The study results are only restricted to Indian banks and the data of only 58 banks are used for drawing the inferences. Originality/value The paper fills the void in the existing literature of IC and corporate FP by using the data set of Indian banks divided into the public sector, private Indian and private foreign banks.

Ownership, risk-taking and performance of banks in emerging economies

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faizul Haque ◽  
Rehnuma Shahid
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Default Risk ◽  
Set Covering ◽  
Bank Risk ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Results ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper examines the effect of ownership structure on bank risk-taking and performance in emerging economies by using India as a case study. Design/methodology/approach We use generalised method of moments (GMM) estimation technique to analyse an unbalanced panel data set covering 217 bank-year observations from 2008 to 2011. Findings Overall, our study results suggest that government ownership is positively associated with default risk and negatively related to bank profitability. Interestingly, we find foreign ownership having a positive effect on default risk and a negative effect on profitability among the listed commercial banks. The effect of ownership concentration on bank risk-taking and profitability appears to be statistically insignificant. Originality/value This study is among the first to consider the impact of ownership on bank risk-taking and profitability from an emerging economy perspective. It also addresses the problem of endogenous relationships among ownership, risk-taking and performance of a bank. This study is likely to have implications for policymakers in undertaking regulatory reforms relating to ownership, risk management and banking sector stability.

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