Parent brands’ influence on co-brand’s perception: a model-based approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 514-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Böger ◽  
Pascal Kottemann ◽  
Reinhold Decker
Keyword(s):  
Information Integration ◽  
The Other ◽  
Integration Theory ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cognitive Consistency ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Information Integration Theory ◽  
Parent Brand ◽  
The Right ◽  
Shed Light

Purpose This paper aims to investigate what influence the perceptions of two parent brands have on the perception of a newly formed co-brand. Furthermore, it elaborates whether respondents’ evaluations of the parent brands, their familiarity towards the parent brands and their usage of the parent brands affect this influence. Design/methodology/approach Building on both cognitive consistency and information integration theory, this paper proposes a model-based approach to quantify the parent brands’ influence on the co-brand’s perception. Using an empirical study with 317 respondents collected by a professional online market research firm, this paper highlights the benefits of this model-based approach. Findings The results indicate that the perception of a co-brand arises from a weighted merge of the parent brands’ perceptions. The findings further reveal that the better (worse) a parent brand’s evaluation is in contrast to the other parent brand’s evaluation, the more (less) familiar a parent brand is in contrast to the other parent brand, and the more (less) frequent a parent brand is used in contrast to the other parent brand, the larger (smaller) is its influence on the co-brand’s perception. Originality/value The findings shed light on the formation of a co-brand’s perception which can be crucial when selecting the right co-branding partner. Additionally, by quantifying the parent brands’ influence on the perception of the co-brand, this model-based approach helps brand managers to analyze co-brand pairings beforehand and select the best pairing in accordance with their goals.

Not by Data Alone: The Promises and Pitfalls of Data Analysis in Understanding Consciousness

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-356
Author(s):  
Paula Droege
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Information Integration ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Integration Theory ◽  
Fundamental Issue ◽  
New Information ◽  
Information Integration Theory ◽  
Information Processing Approach

Since the introduction of new technologies, the deluge of neuroscientific data has been overwhelming. On one hand this new information has produced remarkable breakthroughs in our understanding of brain function and development as well as lifesaving treatments for trauma and disease. On the other hand, the lure and reward for explanations of mental phenomena in terms of simple, manipulable brain processes has led to questionable research methodologies and unsubstantiated claims. A more fundamental issue is raised by the attempt to explain consciousness by means of information, as proposed by the Information Integration Theory (IIT). While the models produced by this massive computation of data will no doubt improve our understanding of brain function and capacity, a strict information processing approach cannot address the problem of meaning. A solution to this problem demands an evolutionary, developmental, and dynamic account of an organism in its environment. Data analysis will play a role in this inclusive explanatory program, but explanation is insufficient by data alone.

scholarly journals Luxury restaurants’ risks when implementing new environmentally friendly programs – evidence from luxury restaurants in Taiwan

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 2409-2427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman Peng
Keyword(s):  
Information Integration ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Integration Theory ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Perceived Risks ◽  
Perceptions Of Risk ◽  
Information Integration Theory ◽  
Consumption Intentions

Purpose Some luxury restaurants might be hesitant to adopt new environmentally friendly initiatives due to worries that consumers might have concerns about how these changes might affect them. The purpose of this study is to investigate consumers’ intentions to dine at luxury restaurants when new environmentally friendly practices are implemented, considering the influence of trust and perceived risks. Design/methodology/approach Building on information integration theory and protection motivation theory, this research proposes its model and hypotheses. To test the proposed hypotheses, 441 participants were recruited through a non-probability purposive sampling method. Findings The results show that perceived risks (i.e. perceived functional risk, perceived financial risk, perceived hedonic risk and perceived self-image risk) significantly affect consumers’ consumption intentions. Furthermore, consumers’ trust in luxury restaurants will partially moderate the effects of perceived risks on consumption intentions. Practical implications This study offers empirical support for the proposition that implementing new environmentally friendly practices can affect consumers’ dining intentions in a negative way. Suggestions on how to mitigate the effect of perceived risks are discussed. Originality/value The results of this research contribute to the hospitality literature in three ways. First, this study is one of the few to report that luxury restaurants should take consumers’ perceptions of risk into account before initiating new environmentally friendly procedures. Second, it confirms that perceived risks will lower consumers’ luxury restaurant consumption intentions. Third, consumers’ trust in luxury restaurants can partially moderate the influences of perceived risks on consumption intentions.

Islamic hedging for pilgrimage funds: case of Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-341
Author(s):  
Rifki Ismal ◽  
Nurul Izzati Septiana
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Exchange Rate Risk ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Rate Risk ◽  
Risk Identify ◽  
Hajj Season ◽  
The Right ◽  
Very High

Purpose The demand for Saudi Arabian real (SAR) is very high in the pilgrimage (hajj) season while the authority, unfortunately, does not hedge the hajj funds. As such, the hajj funds are potentially exposed to exchange rate risk, which can impact the value of hajj funds and generate extra cost to the pilgrims. The purpose of this paper is to conduct simulations of Islamic hedging for pilgrimage funds to: mitigate and minimize exchange rate risk, identify and recommend the ideal time, amount and tenors of Islamic hedging for hajj funds, estimate cost saving by pursuing Islamic hedging and propose technical and general recommendations for the authority. Design/methodology/approach Forward transaction mechanism is adopted to compute Islamic forward between SAR and Rupiah (Indonesian currency) or IDR. Findings – based on simulations, the paper finds that: the longer the Islamic hedging tenors, the better is the result of Islamic hedging, the decreasing of IDR/USD is the right time to hedge the hajj funds and, on the other hand, the IDR/SAR appreciation is not the right time to hedge the hajj funds. Findings Based on simulations, the paper finds that: the longer the Islamic hedging tenors, the better is the result of Islamic hedging, the decreasing of IDR/USD is the right time to hedge the hajj funds and, on the other hand, the IDR/SAR appreciation is not the right time to hedge the hajj funds. Research limitations/implications The research suggests the authority to (and not to) hedge the hajj fund, depending on economic conditions and market indicators. Even though the assessment is for the Indonesian case, other countries maintaining hajj funds might also learn from this paper. Originality/value To the best of author’s knowledge, this is the first paper in Indonesia that attempts to simulate the optimal hedging of hajj funds.

scholarly journals The Evolution of Neuroplasticity and the Effect on Integrated Information

Entropy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leigh Sheneman ◽  
Jory Schossau ◽  
Arend Hintze
Keyword(s):  
Information Integration ◽  
Functional Change ◽  
Darwinian Evolution ◽  
Integration Theory ◽  
Virtual Agents ◽  
Information Integration Theory ◽  
Feedback Learning ◽  
Internal States ◽  
The Many ◽  
Better Than

Information integration theory has been developed to quantify consciousness. Since conscious thought requires the integration of information, the degree of this integration can be used as a neural correlate (Φ) with the intent to measure degree of consciousness. Previous research has shown that the ability to integrate information can be improved by Darwinian evolution. The value Φ can change over many generations, and complex tasks require systems with at least a minimum Φ . This work was done using simple animats that were able to remember previous sensory inputs, but were incapable of fundamental change during their lifetime: actions were predetermined or instinctual. Here, we are interested in changes to Φ due to lifetime learning (also known as neuroplasticity). During lifetime learning, the system adapts to perform a task and necessitates a functional change, which in turn could change Φ . One can find arguments to expect one of three possible outcomes: Φ might remain constant, increase, or decrease due to learning. To resolve this, we need to observe systems that learn, but also improve their ability to learn over the many generations that Darwinian evolution requires. Quantifying Φ over the course of evolution, and over the course of their lifetimes, allows us to investigate how the ability to integrate information changes. To measure Φ , the internal states of the system must be experimentally observable. However, these states are notoriously difficult to observe in a natural system. Therefore, we use a computational model that not only evolves virtual agents (animats), but evolves animats to learn during their lifetime. We use this approach to show that a system that improves its performance due to feedback learning increases its ability to integrate information. In addition, we show that a system’s ability to increase Φ correlates with its ability to increase in performance. This suggests that systems that are very plastic regarding Φ learn better than those that are not.

Harris, Chomsky and the origins of transformational grammar

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-87
Author(s):  
Giorgio Graffi
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
The Other ◽  
Auxiliary System ◽  
Transformational Grammar ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The One ◽  
Working Out ◽  
Shed Light

According to Chomsky’s report of the mid 1970s, he and Harris developed their theories in an essentially independent way; whereas according to some statements by Harris, some contact actually took place between them. To shed light on this issue, it may be useful to systematically compare their respective views of the notion ‘transformation’ as well as their analyses of certain syntactic phenomena. Among the topics dealt with in the present article are: the system of syntactic categories and their symbols; the notion of ‘zero elements’; the phenomenon of discontinuous constituents; the English auxiliary system; wh-constructions; the typology of transformations; the notions of ‘kernel’ and ‘kernel sentence’. Several of these analyses show many points of contact between the two scholars (e.g., the analysis of wh-constructions or that of English auxiliaries), which allow us to maintain that they surely influenced each other. The overall differences between the two models are also clear: the transformational relation holds between sentences in Harris’s framework, while it holds between underlying strings on the one hand and actual sentences on the other in Chomsky’s. As a consequence of this different view of the notion of transformation, two problems which were fundamental for Chomsky had no importance for Harris, namely the order of transformations and the distinction between optional and obligatory transformations. It can therefore be concluded that, if the two scholars certainly influenced each other when they were working out their respective transformational theories, their theoretical views were acutely different almost from the beginning.

A framework to dynamic identification of project risks

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzaneh Moshtaghian ◽  
Mahmood Golabchi ◽  
Esmatullah Noorzai
Keyword(s):  
Information Integration ◽  
Risk Identification ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Dynamic Identification ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Timely Completion ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Project Risks ◽  
The Right

PurposeMerging and updating project information and recording changes can give dynamic risk identification at all stages of the project. The main purpose of this research is to create an integration in construction information.Design/methodology/approachIn this research, the 5D model was prepared and then all model information was entered into the database designed in SQL Server, the project report tables were coded, and finally, a database with four groups of information was ready for risk identification.FindingsCreating an integrated risk identification platform reduced rework and time and cost control and change management, which were positive effects of risk identification at the right time.Research limitations/implicationsIn order to identify risks, creating multilateral databases whose information integration enables timely completion of the project and compliance with the planning.Practical implicationsThis research is the basis for identifying project risks within the framework of building information modeling and can be an effective contribution to increasing the risk-taking efficiency of the project.Originality/valueAs a matter of fact, marked time and cost are terrific motivating forces for the building industry, materializing with identify risk well-time. In any case, identifying risk engaged with all of the dimensions depend on this industry.

Differential moderating effects of collectivistic and power distance orientations on the effectiveness of work motivators

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 644-665
Author(s):  
Jen-Shou Yang
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
High Power ◽  
Information Integration ◽  
Power Distance ◽  
Integration Theory ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
High Power Distance ◽  
Willingness To Cooperate

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the moderating effects of power distance and collectivistic orientations on the effectiveness of intrinsic, extrinsic and reciprocal motivators in promoting employees’ willingness to cooperate for organizational interest. An integrated theoretical framework which incorporated cultural influence on need priority and on legitimacy of social exchange was established to develop the hypotheses. Design/methodology/approach This study used the methodology of information-integration theory to test the research hypotheses. Findings This study found that power distance orientation enhanced the effectiveness of extrinsic motivator but mitigated that of intrinsic motivator, and was irrelevant to that of reciprocal motivator. In contrast, collectivistic orientation mitigated the effectiveness of extrinsic motivator but enhanced that of reciprocal motivator, and was irrelevant to that of intrinsic motivator. Practical implications Managers may use reciprocal motivators for employees with high collectivism in order to increase their willingness to cooperate for the interest of the organization. Meanwhile, extrinsic motivators may be utilized for employees with high power distance but may not be as effective for those with low power distance. However, managers should not expect intrinsic motivators to be as attractive to those with high power distance as to those with low power distance. Originality/value By integrating multiple cultural orientations and multiple work motivators in one study, this research clarified the differential moderating effects of power distance and collectivistic orientations on the effectiveness of intrinsic, extrinsic and reciprocal motivators in promoting employees’ willingness to cooperate. Potential confounding problems in prior studies derived from the correlation between cultural values and coexistence of multiple motivators were discussed.

Foundations of Information Integration Theory

1982 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 708 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. Carroll ◽  
Norman H. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Information Integration ◽  
Integration Theory ◽  
Information Integration Theory
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