Analysis of the socioeconomic barriers in implementing public health measures to contain COVID-19 transmission in Pakistan: a DELPHI–DEMATEL-based approach

Kybernetes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharafat Ali ◽  
Bushra Faizi ◽  
Hamid Waqas ◽  
Waqas Ahmed ◽  
Syed Ahsan Ali Shah
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
Transmission Control ◽  
Comprehensive Strategy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Economic Barriers ◽  
The Government ◽  
National Economies ◽  
Fourth Wave

PurposeThe present study aims to identify and evaluate the socioeconomic barriers to effective COVID-19 pandemic transmission control in Pakistan.Design/methodology/approachThe study identifies multiple socio-economic barriers through an extensive literature review. The preliminary analysis unveiled 15 socio-economic barriers. Nine experts were contacted to collect data and finalize the most prominent barriers to COVID-19 transmission control using the DELPHI method. The Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method was used to process and interpret the data collected and a cause–effect relationship was established among the barriers.FindingsThe finalized barriers to effective COVID-19 pandemic transmission control were evaluated using DEMATEL which grouped criteria into two grouped criteria – cause and effect. The DEMATEL analysis shows that poor safety culture, lack of strategy and goal setting, lack of resources, late realization and recognition of the pandemic problem and lack of expertise and capacity in disaster and risk management fall into the cause group. These factors are critical as they directly affect the remaining barriers identified in the study.Originality/valueDespite the collective global efforts, the national economies have been struggling to completely control COVID-19 transmission control. Pakistan’s economy has been facing the third wave of the pandemic. It is mandatory to identify the barriers and evaluate them to develop a comprehensive strategy ensuring that there would be no fourth wave. The study identifies and evaluates the barriers to COVID-19 transmission control in Pakistan using the integrated DELPHI-DEMATEL framework. The findings would help the government, experts and strategists to develop a comprehensive disaster and risk management strategy.

Institutional logics and risk management practices in government entities: evidence from Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Murr ◽  
Nieves Carrera
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Institutional Logics ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Traditional Logic ◽  
Adoption And Implementation ◽  
The Government

Purpose This study aims to understand how institutional logics influence the adoption and implementation of risk management (RM) practices by government entities in a non-western, developing country. Design/methodology/approach This study draws on the institutional logics perspective (ILP) to analyze a case study of a government entity in Saudi Arabia. Data were obtained from semi-structured interviews, observations and documentary evidence. Findings Findings suggest that the adoption and implementation of RM projects by Saudi governmental agencies was rooted in a traditional logic, even though the catalyst of the government for adopting a RM culture across government agencies was framed within a reform program inspired by a modernization logic. In the entity under investigation, the RM project led to an unstable situation where actors were confronted with these two competing logics. Although the project used manifestations of a modernization logic, the actions of individuals within the organization were embedded in a traditional logic. Research limitations/implications The study is based on a single case study in a specific country, limiting the generalizability of the findings. Originality/value This study provides novel evidence of the adoption and implementation of RM in governmental entities in a developing, non-western, country using ILP. Doing so enhances our knowledge about how managers struggle with competing institutional logics in an underexplored setting and enriches current accounts of key drivers and barriers of RM. It also addresses calls for a deeper understanding of the logics and managerial practices interplay in the public sector.

Application of digital technologies in health insurance for social good of bottom of pyramid customers in India

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (9/10) ◽  
pp. 752-772
Author(s):  
Bishwajit Nayak ◽  
Som Sekhar Bhattacharyya ◽  
Bala Krishnamoorthy
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Social Health Insurance ◽  
Social Health ◽  
Strategic Choices ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Government ◽  
Health Insurers

Purpose Social health insurance framework of any country is the national identifier of the country’s policy for taking care of its population which cannot access or afford quality healthcare. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the strategic imperatives of digital technology for the inclusive social health models for the BoP customers. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative exploratory study using in-depth personal interviews with 53 Indian health insurance CXOs was conducted with a semi-structured questionnaire. Using MaxQDA software, the interview transcripts were analyzed by means of thematic content analysis technique and patterns identified based on the expert opinions. Findings A framework for the strategic imperatives of digital technology in social health insurance emerged from the study highlighting three key themes for technology implementation in the social health insurance sector – analytics for risk management, cost optimization for operations and enhancement of customer experience. The study results provide key insights about how insurers can enhance the coverage of BoP population by leveraging technology. Social implications The framework would help health insurers and policymakers to select strategic choices related to technology that would enable creation of inclusive health insurance models for BoP customers. Originality/value The absence of specific studies highlighting the strategic digital imperatives in social health insurance creates a unique value proposition for this framework which can help health insurers in developing a convergence in their risk management and customer delight objectives and assist the government in the formulation of a sustainable social health insurance framework.

Moon’s legacy will last as his presidency winds down

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
North Korea ◽  
Democratic Party ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
The Government

Significance Despite all this, his ruling Democratic Party (DP) has used its rare parliamentary majority to force through a raft of far-reaching legislation affecting politics, the economy and relations with North Korea. Impacts Labour and ‘fair economy’ legislation will increase costs for businesses. A third wave of COVID-19 -- the largest yet -- may finally force the government to impose a lockdown. Hopes that banning cross-border propaganda balloon launches by activists will lure Pyongyang back to engagement are unduly optimistic.

Thai premier will ride out pandemic-related criticism

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Protest Movement ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Governmental Surveillance ◽  
The Government

Significance The move is ostensibly designed to strengthen Prayut’s ability to manage the country’s third wave of COVID-19 infections, but the government’s opponents fear that it will give the premier greater latitude to clamp down on dissent. A protest movement challenging Prayut’s administration and the monarchy has lost momentum in recent months. Impacts Plans to reopen popular tourist destinations under a special scheme will probably face delays due to the surging coronavirus caseload. The government will step up pandemic-related stimulus measures, including cash handouts for households and soft loans for small businesses. Prayut will likely use his new powers to increase governmental surveillance and censorship.

Russia postpones vaccination targets as Delta strikes

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Code ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
Vaccine Production ◽  
Past Infection ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Code Analysis ◽  
The Third ◽  
Infection Diagnosis ◽  
The Government

Significance A third wave of COVID-19 began to accelerate in June after two earlier waves between March 2020 and March 2021. The third wave is attributable to relaxations of restrictions at regional level, diminished compliance with the rules and the spread of the Delta variant. A major difference is that substantial numbers of people have antibodies from past infection or vaccination. Impacts The government has made it clear that vaccine production will prioritise Russia, not exports. Reduced production for exports will cause dissatisfaction in states with purchase contracts. The Kremlin says there are no immediate plans to approve foreign vaccines and that any such arrangements must involve 'reciprocity'. The new Sanitary Shield programme will develop existing capabilities in infection diagnosis and genetic code analysis. The new programme envisages improved kits that can detect infections rapidly, for example at Russia's borders.

Willingness to adopt e-procurement to reduce corruption

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 500-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arjun Neupane ◽  
Jeffrey Soar ◽  
Kishor Vaidya ◽  
Jianming Yong
Keyword(s):  
Latent Variables ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Willingness To Adopt ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to report on research that evaluates the perceived willingness of potential bidders to adopt public e-procurement for the supply of goods and services to the government of Nepal. The authors have identified anti-corruption attributes through an extensive literature review and developed a theoretical model representing the impact of four latent variables, monopoly of power, information asymmetry, trust and transparency and accountability on the dependent variable, the intent-to-adopt e-procurement (ITA). Design/methodology/approach – Data for this research were obtained by the use of a questionnaire survey of bidders who were officially registered with the Government of Nepal. As part of the fieldwork for this research, the first author collected the perceptions of 220 bidders regarding the potential of public e-procurement to reduce corruption in public procurement processes. Findings – The findings suggest that a high level of the ITA has a positive and significant relationship with the independent variables that might inform the developed and emerging countries to make a decision to adoption of e-procurement to combat corruption in public procurement. Research limitations/implications – This study has some limitations that should be taken into consideration. The evaluation of anti-corruption factors, as they affect the willingness of users to adopt e-procurement on the bidder’s perception research model is relatively new to e-procurement research. A limitation of the research was that it gathered and analyzed data from a single country with a limited number of respondents. More research is needed to identify the anti-corruption factors of e-procurement in reducing corruption, and also need strong empirical test to valid the factors that influence the adoption of e-procurement. Originality/value – This study aimed to contribute to the academic scholar, government agencies and public procurement practitioner in enhancing their understanding of the perceived anti-corruption factors of public e-procurement to reduce corruption.

Risk ranking and analysis in PPP water supply infrastructure projects

Facilities ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (7/8) ◽  
pp. 428-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest Effah Ameyaw ◽  
Albert P.C Chan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Demand Forecasting ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Water Projects ◽  
Content Type

Purpose – This paper aims to identify and evaluate the most significant risk factors that strongly affect the implementation of public–private partnership (PPP) water supply projects. PPP for water supply infrastructure services has seen continued growth over the past two decades, following public sector’s budgetary constraints and inability to provide infrastructure-based water services efficiently and cost effectively. However, these projects are often subjected to major risks leading to failures. Design/methodology/approach – Following extensive literature review and case study analyses, an international questionnaire survey was conducted with practicing and experienced PPP experts to establish the significant risks in PPP water projects. Both the probability of occurrence and severity of 40 risks were evaluated by the expert panel to determine their significance and impact on water projects procured under the PPP arrangement. Findings – The paper presents a derived risk factor list, ranks the factors and describes the “top-ranked” risk factors as: poor contract design, water pricing and tariff review uncertainty, political interference, public resistance to PPP, construction time and cost overrun, non-payment of bills, lack of PPP experience, financing risk, faulty demand forecasting, high operational costs and conflict between partners. Originality/value – This factor list broadens PPP stakeholders’ view of important project risks, rather than relying on culture-dependent studies – an area that has received less attention in PPP risk management research. The identified risk factors would provide governments and investors a useful tool in implementing constructive water PPPs by facilitating the development of risk mitigation strategies, particularly for developing countries with poor risk management practices.

Myanmar civil service reform risks a two-tiered system

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Civil Service ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
Civil Service Reform ◽  
Administration System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Tiered System ◽  
The Government

Subject Outlook for civil service reform in Myanmar. Significance On April 21, the government confirmed that permanent secretaries, abolished in 1962, will be reintroduced into the public administration system. The decision is part of President Thein Sein's "third wave" of reforms, following commensurate political and economic measures after the 2010 elections and Myanmar's transition to semi-civilian government. By restoring this most-senior bureaucratic post, Naypyidaw intends to enhance the bureaucracy and signal its intention to modernise public administration. Impacts Further civil service reform will require the government to define the centre-province administrative balance. Until then, civil service reforms may initially be felt in urban centres only. Additional pay may be required for civil servants.

scholarly journals Addressing the high burden of noncommunicable diseases in Nigeria: a commentary

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miracle Ayomikun Adesina ◽  
Ruth Ifeoluwa Oladele ◽  
Isaac Iyinoluwa Olufadewa ◽  
Ogheneruona Favour Onothoja ◽  
Damilola Remilekun Oladipo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Literature Searches ◽  
Lifestyle Practices ◽  
The Government

PurposeThe purpose of this study describes how individuals; healthcare providers and the government can reduce the burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in Nigeria.Design/methodology/approachThis commentary paper combines extensive literature searches and experience from public health physicians.FindingsNoncommunicable diseases are chronic diseases. They result from a combination of genetic, physiological, environmental and behavioral factors. NCDs are divided into four classes: cardiovascular diseases, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes.Practical implicationsNoncommunicable diseases are responsible for about a quarter of total deaths in Nigeria. These deaths are unnecessary as most NCDs can be prevented if the risk factors are dealt with. Dealing with these risk factors involves everyone (Individuals, government, interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary researchers, policymakers, government, etc.).Originality/valueMajor risk factors for NCDs are tobacco use, harmful use of alcohol, unhealthy diet and physical inactivity. The solution to NCDs, therefore, lies in dealing with these factors, which, fortunately, are modifiable since they have to do with lifestyle practices. There is evidence to support the claim that a reduction of the risks of NCDs can be achieved by engaging in healthy lifestyle practices.

scholarly journals Risk identification and management for the research use of government administrative data

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-123
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Shepherd ◽  
Anna Sexton ◽  
Oliver Duke-Williams ◽  
Alexandra Eveleigh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Administrative Data ◽  
Risk Identification ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Research Use ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Secondary Use ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Risk Framework ◽  
The Government

Purpose Government administrative data have enormous potential for public and individual benefit through improved educational and health services to citizens, medical research, environmental and climate interventions and better use of scarce energy resources. The purpose of this study (part of the Administrative Data Research Centre in England, ADRC-E) was to examine perspectives about the sharing, linking and re-use (secondary use) of government administrative data. This study seeks to establish an analytical understanding of risk with regard to administrative data. Design/methodology/approach This qualitative study focused on the secondary use of government administrative data by academic researchers. Data collection was through 44 semi-structured interviews plus one focus group, and was supported by documentary analysis and a literature review. The study draws on the views of expert data researchers, data providers, regulatory bodies, research funders, lobby groups, information practitioners and data subjects. Findings This study discusses the identification and management of risk in the use of government administrative data and presents a risk framework. Practical implications This study will have resonance with records managers, risk managers, data specialists, information policy and compliance managers, citizens groups that engage with data, as well as all those responsible for the creation and management of government administrative data. Originality/value First, this study identifies and categorizes the risks arising from the research use of government administrative data, based on policy, practice and experience of those involved. Second, it identifies mitigating risk management activities, linked to five key stakeholder communities, and it discusses the locus of responsibility for risk management actions. The conclusion presents the elements of a new risk framework to inform future actions by the government data community and enable researchers to exploit the power of administrative data for public good.

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