Development of two dosimetry systems based on basic violet dye for possible use as radiation dosimeters

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nehad Magdy ◽  
Sameh Gafar
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Chemical Yield ◽  
Radiation Sensitivity ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Radiation Chemical ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Before And After

Purpose The purpose of this research paper is to study a comparison between two dosimetry systems, both of them based on basic violet dye (BV). Design/methodology/approach The first system depends on (BV) (incorporating polyvinyl alcohol) as a thin-film dosimeter. The second system also relies on (BV) as a solution dosimeter, which is more sensitive to gamma rays. The two prepared film/solutions have a considerable signal that decreases upon irradiation and the strength of the signal decreases with increasing radiation dose. Findings The gamma ray absorbed dose for these dosimeters was found to be up to 35 kGy for films and 1 kGy for the liquid phase. All dosimetric characteristics as radiation chemical yield, additive substance, dose-response function, radiation sensitivity, also before and after-irradiation stability under various conditions were considered. Practical implications It is expected the vital role of gamma radiation on this dye in its two forms or two media. This reveals their wide applications in the field of gamma irradiation processing. Originality/value These two dosimetry systems which depend upon the same dye are safe to handle, inexpensive, available raw materials and can be applied in various dosimetry applications as mentioned above.

Radiation induced degradation of murexide dye in two media for possible use in dosimetric applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 540-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameh Mohamed Gafar ◽  
Nehad Magdy Abdel-Kader
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Chemical Yield ◽  
Radiation Sensitivity ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Food Irradiation ◽  
Radiation Chemical ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wide Range

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of gamma-rays on murexide (Mx) dye and its possible use as radiation dosimeters in two different dosimetry systems. The first system depends on the Mx dye as a liquid dosimeter. The second dosimetry system depends also on the same dye but as in a gel form, which is more sensitive to gamma-rays. Design/methodology/approach The prepared Mx (solutions/gels) have a considerable two peaks at 324 and 521 nm that upon irradiation, the intensity of these peaks decreases with the increasing radiation dose. Findings The gamma-ray absorbed dose for these dosimeters was found to be up to 2 kGy for the solution samples and 40 Gy for the gels. Radiation chemical yield, dose response function, radiation sensitivity and before and after-irradiation stability under various conditions were discussed and studied. Practical implications It is expected that the radiolysis of the Mx dye can be used as radiation dosimeters in two different dosimetry systems; liquid and gel dosimeters. This can be applied in a wide range of gamma radiation practical industrial applications in water treatment, food irradiation dosimeters, radiotherapy and fresh food irradiation and seed production. Originality/value Both of the prepared Mx dyes, either as solutions or gel samples, can be facilely prepared from commercially, cheap, safe, available chemicals and suitable for useful applied Mx solutions and gels radiation dosimeters.

scholarly journals Development of two dosimeters for industrial use with low doses

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moshira El-Kelany ◽  
Sameh Gafar
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Chemical Yield ◽  
Radiation Sensitivity ◽  
Liquid Form ◽  
Radiation Chemical ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Industrial Use ◽  
Dose Response Function

The present study involves a comparison between two dosimetry systems. The first system depends on victoria blue B (incorporating polyvinyl alcohol) as a thin-film dosimeter. The second system depends on the same dye as a liquid dosimeter, which is more sensitive to gamma rays. The prepared film/liquid has a considerable signal that increases upon irradiation and the intensity of the signal decrease with increasing radiation dose. The gamma ray absorbed dose for these dosimeters was found to be up to 25 kGy for the thin film and 700 Gy for the liquid form. Radiation chemical yield, additive substance, dose response function, radiation sensitivity, also before and after-irradiation stability under various conditions were discussed and studied.

Degradation of Acetaminophen in Aqueous Media by H2O2 Assisted Gamma Irradiation Process

2018 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Murtaza Sayed ◽  
Fazal Hadi ◽  
Javed Ali Khan ◽  
Noor S. Shah ◽  
Luqman Ali Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Chemical Yield ◽  
Spectrophotometric Analysis ◽  
Γ Irradiation ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Radiation Chemical ◽  
G Value

Abstract In the present study, degradation of acetaminophen (ACT) aqueous solution was investigated up to an absorbed γ-irradiation dose of 1000 Gy. The effects of various additives on the degradation efficiency of ACT were also studied. The results showed that ACT degradation was increased with the increase of an absorbed dose. Based on spectrophotometric analysis, 82.5% degradation of the initial ACT concentration (9.98×10−5 M) was easily achieved at an absorbed dose of 1000 Gy. The decay of ACT followed pseudo-first order reaction kinetics at different initial concentrations. The radiation chemical yield (G-value) decreased with the increase of an absorbed dose, however at a specific absorbed dose G-values increased with the increase of ACT initial concentration. The addition of H2O2 in the range of 0.1–0.7% was effective for degradation of ACT. The degradation of ACT was inhibited in both acidic and basic solutions while maximium degradation effiency was acheived at nearly neautral solution pH, 7.6. The degradation process was markedly enhanced under oxidative conditions while strongly restrained under reductive conditions, which suggests the key role of oxidative radicals (˙OH) in the degradation of ACT.

scholarly journals Radiation chemical yield for loss of carbonate ester bonds in PADC films exposed to gamma ray

2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutaka Mori ◽  
Toshiji Ikeda ◽  
Tomoya Yamauchi ◽  
Atsushi Sakamoto ◽  
Hiraku Chikada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Chemical Yield ◽  
Radiation Chemical Yield ◽  
Radiation Chemical

scholarly journals Role of nitric oxide-containing factors in the ventilatory and cardiovascular responses elicited by hypoxic challenge in isoflurane-anesthetized rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 116 (11) ◽  
pp. 1371-1381 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Mendoza ◽  
Rachael J. Passafaro ◽  
Santhosh M. Baby ◽  
Alex P. Young ◽  
James N. Bates ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Initial Increase ◽  
Ventilatory Responses ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Anesthetized Rats ◽  
Before And After

Exposure to hypoxia elicits changes in mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), heart rate, and frequency of breathing (fr). The objective of this study was to determine the role of nitric oxide (NO) in the cardiovascular and ventilatory responses elicited by brief exposures to hypoxia in isoflurane-anesthetized rats. The rats were instrumented to record MAP, heart rate, and fr and then exposed to 90 s episodes of hypoxia (10% O2, 90% N2) before and after injection of vehicle, the NO synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME), or the inactive enantiomer d-NAME (both at 50 μmol/kg iv). Each episode of hypoxia elicited a decrease in MAP, bidirectional changes in heart rate (initial increase and then a decrease), and an increase in fr. These responses were similar before and after injection of vehicle or d-NAME. In contrast, the hypoxia-induced decreases in MAP were attenuated after administration of l-NAME. The initial increases in heart rate during hypoxia were amplified whereas the subsequent decreases in heart rate were attenuated in l-NAME-treated rats. Finally, the hypoxia-induced increases in fr were virtually identical before and after administration of l-NAME. These findings suggest that NO factors play a vital role in the expression of the cardiovascular but not the ventilatory responses elicited by brief episodes of hypoxia in isoflurane-anesthetized rats. Based on existing evidence that NO factors play a vital role in carotid body and central responses to hypoxia in conscious rats, our findings raise the novel possibility that isoflurane blunts this NO-dependent signaling.

Bridging the digital divide

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Vahid Aqili ◽  
Alireza Isfandyari Moghaddam
Keyword(s):  
Digital Divide ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
Information Professionals ◽  
Points Of View

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to show how the digital divide has become a common metaphor originating from now nearly obsolete phrases such as “information have and have nots” and “information rich and information poor”. The article aims to focus on several dimensions of the digital divide that pertain to service as well as the responsibilities of libraries.Design/methodology/approachThis article places emphasis on the role of librarians and information professionals in bridging the digital divide by indicating some aspects related to it as evidenced in the literature including its definition, aspects, factors affecting, and internet users.FindingsLibraries are treated as one of the major social tools which can solve the information divide rooted in the digital divide and contribute to the realization of democratic society.Research limitations/implicationsThis article revolves around the authors' points of view. So, further studies, especially comparative research between developed and developing countries which vary in terms of digital divide rate, can help to understand the real role librarians and information professionals play.Practical implicationsRethinking the digital divide, librarians must redesign and redefine their service menu for their customers through thinking functionally. They also need to review the various IT devices and information services available and examine which can be employed to present a more effective library service. In addition, policy‐makers should consider the vital role that librarians can play in the realization of knowledge‐based society and sustainable development.Originality/valueThis paper provides a theoretical basis for librarians to be more active and sedulous and policy‐makers to be vigilant and place much value for information sector and its professionals, particularly librarians working in various libraries.

Responding to COVID-19 pandemic: interior designs’ trends of houses in Jordan

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anas Atef Shamaileh
Keyword(s):  
Interior Design ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Entire Life ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
Study Methodology

Purpose The emergence of COVID-19 pandemic in the late 2019 was accompanied by various consequences that included almost the entire life aspects worldwide. To cope with the pandemic, imposing restricted measures was required, such as quarantine, lockdown and social distancing. The purpose of this paper is to identify the houses' interior designs responses in Jordan under Covid-19 Pandemic. Design/methodology/approach Under such conditions, people have to spend long periods inside their houses. This issue highlighted the importance and the vital role of houses interior design in meeting the various needs of residents under emergent and changing conditions. Findings This study revealed current and future responses that may be implemented to cope with the pandemic consequences in terms of houses’ interior design. Moreover, a conceptual model was proposed. Number of suggestions and further research were introduced considering the revealed findings. Originality/value This study aimed at identifying the houses’ interior design responses in Jordan under COVID-19 pandemic. The study methodology adopted both inductive and qualitative approaches to achieve its goals. Under the qualitative approach, semi-structured interviews were undertaken by interviewing ten interior designers and academics.

Celebrity transgression and consumers’ forgiveness: does religiosity matter?

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anwar Sadat Shimul ◽  
Matthew Barber ◽  
Mohammad Ishmam Abedin
Keyword(s):  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Intrinsic Religiosity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Equation Modelling ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to examine the role of religiosity on consumers’ forgiveness when celebrities get involved in transgression. The celebrity’s reaction and its impact on consumers’ forgiveness is tested as well. In addition, consumers’ attitudes towards the brand and celebrity as well as purchase intention for the endorsed brand are examined both before and after the transgression. Design/methodology/approach Data (n = 356) were collected through a self-administered online survey and analysed though structural equation modelling in AMOS 26. Findings The results show that consumers’ attitude towards celebrity, brand and purchase intention gets weaker once the celebrity gets into transgression. Consumers tend to forgive more if the celebrity apologises (vs denies) for the wrongdoing. The hypothesised relationship between attitude towards celebrity and purchase intention did not sustain after the transgression. In addition, consumers’ intrinsic religiosity strengthens the relationship between attitude towards the celebrity and purchase intention. Practical implications The findings of this research present valuable implications for brands practitioners. Brands should formulate actionable contingency plans to mitigate the negative ramifications of celebrity transgressions. Specifically, intrinsic religiosity and celebrity apologies should assist consumers in forgiving the transgression and negate the implications that could have arisen if the celebrity instead denied the transgressions. Originality/value This research extends the previous research by examining religiosity and forgiveness within the context of celebrity transgressions. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is one of the first few research studies to consider the role religiosity plays in consumers’ intention to forgive celebrity transgressions.

The Citipreneur

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 508-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsuzsanna Tomor
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Collective Good ◽  
Public Value ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Smart Technologies

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the role of local entrepreneurs, embedded in both the civil and the business arena, in creating public value by establishing strategic collaboration around smart technologies. Design/methodology/approach The paper suggests a novel – the local entrepreneurial – type of smart bottom-up initiative between civil grassroots and market-based initiatives. This idea is further evolved in the paper to define the patterns of this alternative type of smart bottom-up initiative. For this purpose, the paper conducts a case study of a community-based sustainable energy and mobility system launched by a local entrepreneur in Utrecht, the Netherlands. Findings The local entrepreneur has played a catalyzing role in public value creation by initiating and upscaling cooperative practices around smart technologies. This success has mainly been achieved due to the entrepreneurial attitudes of pioneering and risk-taking as well as the capability to bridge between the state, the market and society to accelerate urban sustainability transition. Practical implications This paper offers a practical illustration of the potential of local entrepreneurs to evolve cooperative practices with smart technologies for societal change. It also shows the vital role of local governments in the achievement of bottom-up initiatives contributing to urban smartness. However, in the case of commercializing initiatives, governments also need to take a balancing role to safeguard the needs of all citizens based on fairness and equity, which is at the core of public value creation. Originality/value The study adds to the citizen participation literature by revealing a novel type of active citizen grasping technological opportunities to mobilize networks to cooperate for the collective good. The research also contributes to a better understanding of the bottom-up smart city as a form of governance, and its advantages as well as drawbacks concerning public value creation.

scholarly journals Emotions in leaders’ enactment of professional agency

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Päivi Hökkä ◽  
Katja Vähäsantanen ◽  
Susanna Paloniemi ◽  
Sanna Herranen ◽  
Anneli Eteläpelto
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Leadership Coaching ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Current State ◽  
Before And After ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
A Current

Purpose Although there has been an increase in workplace studies on professional agency, few of these have examined the role of emotions in the enactment of agency at work. To date, professional agency has been mainly conceptualised as a goal-oriented, rational activity aimed at influencing a current state of affairs. Challenged by this, this study aims to elaborate the nature and quality of emotions and how they might be connected to the enactment of professional agency. Design/methodology/approach Data are collected in the context of a leadership coaching programme that aimed to promote the leaders’ professional agency over the course of a year. The participants (11 middle-management leaders working in university and hospital contexts) were interviewed before and after the programme, and the data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Findings Findings showed that emotions played an important role in the leaders’ enactment of professional agency, as it pertained to their work and to their professional identity. The study suggests that enacting professional agency is by no means a matter of purely rational actions. Practical implications The study suggests that emotional agency can be learned and enhanced through group-based interventions reflecting on and processing one’s own professional roles and work. Originality/value As a theoretical conclusion, the study argues that professional agency should be reconceptualised in such a way as to acknowledge the importance of emotions (one’s own and those of one’s fellow workers) in practising agency within organisational contexts.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document