Mobility-reduction-free low-distortion OTA using backgate-bias technique

AbstractA better understanding of how the COVID-19 pandemic responds to social distancing efforts is required for the control of future outbreaks and to calibrate partial lock-downs. We present quantitative relationships between key parameters characterizing the COVID-19 epidemiology and social distancing efforts of nine selected European countries. Epidemiological parameters were extracted from the number of daily deaths data, while mitigation efforts are estimated from mobile phone tracking data. The decrease of the basic reproductive number ($$R_0$$ R 0 ) as well as the duration of the initial exponential expansion phase of the epidemic strongly correlates with the magnitude of mobility reduction. Utilizing these relationships we decipher the relative impact of the timing and the extent of social distancing on the total death burden of the pandemic.

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Mining Google and Apple mobility data: temporal anatomy for COVID-19 social distancing

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-83441-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Corentin Cot ◽

Giacomo Cacciapaglia ◽

Francesco Sannino

Keyword(s):

Infection Rate ◽

The United States ◽

Strong Decrease ◽

Social Distancing ◽

Mobility Data ◽

Actual Measure ◽

The Us ◽

The Impact ◽

Political Decisions ◽

Mobility Reduction

AbstractWe employ the Google and Apple mobility data to identify, quantify and classify different degrees of social distancing and characterise their imprint on the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe and in the United States. We identify the period of enacted social distancing via Google and Apple data, independently from the political decisions. Our analysis allows us to classify different shades of social distancing measures for the first wave of the pandemic. We observe a strong decrease in the infection rate occurring two to five weeks after the onset of mobility reduction. A universal time scale emerges, after which social distancing shows its impact. We further provide an actual measure of the impact of social distancing for each region, showing that the effect amounts to a reduction by 20–40% in the infection rate in Europe and 30–70% in the US.

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Low Distortion Analog Front-End for Digital Electret Microphone

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.475-476.1633 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 475-476 ◽

pp. 1633-1637

Author(s):

Seung Yong Bae ◽

Jong Do Lee ◽

Eun Ju Choe ◽

Gil Cho Ahn

Keyword(s):

Audio Signal ◽

Cmos Technology ◽

Common Mode ◽

Electret Microphone ◽

Front End ◽

Voltage Variation ◽

Analog Front End ◽

Source Follower ◽

Source Voltage ◽

Low Distortion

This paper presents a low distortion analog front-end (AFE) circuit to process electret microphone output signal. A source follower is employed for the input buffer to interface electret microphone directly to the IC with level shifting. A single-ended to differential converter with output common-mode control is presented to compensate the common-mode variation resulted from gate to source voltage variation in the source follower. A replica stage is adopted to control the output bias voltage of the single-ended to differential converter. The prototype AFE circuit fabricated in a 0.35μm CMOS technology achieves 68.2dB peak SNDR and 79.9dB SFDR over an audio signal bandwidth of 20kHz with 2.5V supply while consuming 1.05mW.

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LOW POWER CONTINUOUS TIME COMMON MODE SENSING FOR COMMON MODE FEEDBACK CIRCUITS

Journal of Circuits System and Computers ◽

10.1142/s0218126610006268 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 19 (03) ◽

pp. 519-528 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. PRAMOD ◽

T. LAXMINIDHI

Keyword(s):

Continuous Time ◽

Input Impedance ◽

Cmos Process ◽

High Input ◽

High Input Impedance ◽

Common Mode ◽

Standby Power ◽

Low Distortion ◽

Simulation Results ◽

Feedback Circuits

Continuous common mode feedback (CMFB) circuits having high input impedance and low distortion are proposed. The proposed circuits are characterized for 0.18 μm CMOS process with 1.8 V supply. Simulation results indicate that the proposed common mode detector consumes no standby power and CMFB circuit consumes 27–34% less power than previous high swing CMFB circuits.

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