Swap-Aware Garbage Collection for NAND Flash Memory Based Embedded Systems

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ohhoon Kwon ◽  
Kern Koh
Keyword(s):  
Embedded Systems ◽  
Flash Memory ◽  
Garbage Collection ◽  
Nand Flash ◽  
Nand Flash Memory

Garbage Collection Algorithms for NAND Flash Memory Devices -- An Overview

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raja Subramani ◽  
Haritima Swapnil ◽  
Niharika Thakur ◽  
Bharath Radhakrishnan ◽  
Krishnamurthy Puttaiah
Keyword(s):  
Flash Memory ◽  
Garbage Collection ◽  
Memory Devices ◽  
Nand Flash ◽  
Nand Flash Memory

scholarly journals A Block Classification Method with Monitor and Restriction in NAND Flash memory

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 209-215
Author(s):  
Myungsub Lee
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Flash Memory ◽  
Garbage Collection ◽  
Memory Systems ◽  
Nand Flash ◽  
Nand Flash Memory ◽  
Wear Leveling ◽  
Block Classification ◽  
Update Frequency

In this paper, we propose a block classification with monitor and restriction (BCMR) method to isolate and reduce the interference of blocks in garbage collection and wear leveling. The proposed method monitors the endurance variation of blocks during garbage collection and detects hot blocks by making a restriction condition based on this information. This method induces block classification by its update frequency for garbage collection and wear leveling, resulting in a prolonged lifespan for NAND flash memory systems. The performance evaluation results show that the BCMR method prolonged the life of NAND flash memory systems by 3.95% and reduced the standard deviation per block by 7.4%, on average.

Compressed Swapping for NAND Flash Memory Based Embedded Systems

2005 ◽  
pp. 314-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangduck Park ◽  
Hyunjin Lim ◽  
Hoseok Chang ◽  
Wonyong Sung
Keyword(s):  
Embedded Systems ◽  
Flash Memory ◽  
Nand Flash ◽  
Nand Flash Memory

scholarly journals Fast Mounting and Recovery for NAND Flash Memory Based Embedded Systems

2006 ◽  
pp. 710-720
Author(s):  
Song-Hwa Park ◽  
Tae-Hoon Kim ◽  
Tae-Hoon Lee ◽  
Ki-Dong Chung
Keyword(s):  
Embedded Systems ◽  
Flash Memory ◽  
Nand Flash ◽  
Nand Flash Memory

Telomere: Real-Time NAND Flash Storage

2022 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Katherine Missimer ◽  
Manos Athanassoulis ◽  
Richard West
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Flash Memory ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Garbage Collection ◽  
Data Transfer ◽  
Nand Flash ◽  
Nand Flash Memory ◽  
Solid State Disks ◽  
Data Lifetime

Modern solid-state disks achieve high data transfer rates due to their massive internal parallelism. However, out-of-place updates for flash memory incur garbage collection costs when valid data needs to be copied during space reclamation. The root cause of this extra cost is that solid-state disks are not always able to accurately determine data lifetime and group together data that expires before the space needs to be reclaimed. Real-time systems found in autonomous vehicles, industrial control systems, and assembly-line robots store data from hundreds of sensors and often have predictable data lifetimes. These systems require guaranteed high storage bandwidth for read and write operations by mission-critical real-time tasks. In this article, we depart from the traditional block device interface to guarantee the high throughput needed to process large volumes of data. Using data lifetime information from the application layer, our proposed real-time design, called Telomere , is able to intelligently lay out data in NAND flash memory and eliminate valid page copies during garbage collection. Telomere’s real-time admission control is able to guarantee tasks their required read and write operations within their periods. Under randomly generated tasksets containing 500 tasks, Telomere achieves 30% higher throughput with a 5% storage cost compared to pre-existing techniques.

Flash-Based Storage in Embedded Systems

2013 ◽  
pp. 439-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Olivier ◽  
Jalil Boukhobza ◽  
Eric Senn
Keyword(s):  
Embedded Systems ◽  
Flash Memory ◽  
Nand Flash ◽  
Embedded Operating System ◽  
Nand Flash Memory ◽  
Flash Memories ◽  
Software Support ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Shock Resistance ◽  
Flash Translation Layer

NAND Flash memories gained a solid foothold in the embedded systems domain due to its attractive characteristics in terms of size, weight, shock resistance, power consumption, and data throughput. Moreover, flash memories tend to be less confined to the embedded domain, as it can be observed through the market explosion of flash-based storage systems (average growth of the NVRAM is reported to be about 69% up to 2015). In this chapter, the authors focus on NAND flash memory NVRAM. After a global presentation of its architecture and very specific constraints, they describe the different ways to manage flash memories in embedded systems which are 1) the use of a hardware Flash Translation Layer (FTL), or 2) a dedicated Flash File System (FFS) software support implemented within the embedded operating system kernel.

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