Generation mechanisms of bowel sounds by simultaneous measurements of X-ray fluoroscopy and bowel sounds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin-Nosuke Saito ◽  
Sho Otsuka ◽  
Satoki Zenbutsu ◽  
Soshi Hori ◽  
Michitaka Honda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bowel Sounds ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Simultaneous Measurements ◽  
Generation Mechanisms

Simultaneous measurements of EUV and soft X-ray solar flare emission

Solar Physics ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 265-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Horan ◽  
R. W. Kreplin
Keyword(s):  
Solar Flare ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Simultaneous Measurements

scholarly journals Simultaneous measurements of X-rays and electrons during a pulsating aurora

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Østgaard ◽  
J. Stadsnes ◽  
K. Aarsnes ◽  
F. Søraas ◽  
K. Måseide ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Energy Range ◽  
Energetic Particle ◽  
Good Method ◽  
Electron Energy Spectrum ◽  
Electron Precipitation ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electron Spectra ◽  
Simultaneous Measurements

Abstract. The PULSAUR II rocket was launched from Andøya Rocket Range at 23.43 UT on 9 February 1994 into a pulsating aurora. In this paper we focus on the observations of precipitating electrons and auroral X-rays. By using models it is possible to deduce the electron energy spectrum from X-ray measurements. Comparisons are made between the deduced electron fluxes and the directly measured electron fluxes on the rocket. We found the shape of the observed and the deduced electron spectra to fit very well, with almost identical e-folding energies in the energy range from 10 ke V to ~60–80 ke V. For the integrated fluxes from 10.8 to 250 ke V, we found a discrepancy of 30% . By combining two models, we have found a good method of deducing the electron precipitation from X-ray measurements. The discrepancies between calculations and measurements are in the range of the uncertainties in the measurements.Key words. Ionospheric particle precipitation · Magnetospheric physics · Annual phenomena · Energetic particle

Design of a Combined Setup for Simultaneous Measurements of the Microstructural and Thermo-Analytical Parameters of Nanogram-Size Samples

2015 ◽  
Vol 788 ◽  
pp. 136-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Rosenthal ◽  
Alexey P. Melnikov ◽  
Andrei A. Rychkov ◽  
David Doblas ◽  
Dmitriy V. Anokhin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Experimental Setup ◽  
Complex Phase ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Simultaneous Measurements ◽  
Chip Calorimetry ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Synchrotron Beamlines

In the present paper, we describe an experimental setup combining micro- and nano-focus X-ray scattering and chip calorimetry (nanocalorimetry), which is designed for in-situ measurements on nanogram-size samples. Such combination of techniques capable to simultaneously probe the micro-structural and thermodynamic properties of materials can be useful for studies of materials having a complex phase behavior or prone to form metastable states. The setup is made compatible with micro- and nano-focus synchrotron beamlines.

The anomalous dispersion corrections for zirconium

1977 ◽  
Vol 354 (1678) ◽  
pp. 291-302 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Edge ◽  
Optical Constants ◽  
Scattering Amplitude ◽  
Theoretical Interest ◽  
Forward Scattering Amplitude ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Simultaneous Measurements ◽  
Sample Density ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Measurement Algorithm

A scanning X-ray interferometer was used to measure the forward scattering amplitude for zirconium at a number of wavelengths near the K absorption edge. The precision of previous experiments has usually been limited by lack of knowledge of either the sample density or its shape. These problems have been eliminated by making simultaneous measurements at two X-ray wavelengths. This new measurement algorithm can be applied at any wavelength which is accessible to X-ray interferometers. The X-ray optical constants of elements with Z ≥ 10 can be determined over the range 0.1 Å<A< 5Å to a precision which is sufficient to rekindle theoretical interest in the subject.

scholarly journals Multiple Modes of Calcium-Induced Calcium Release in Sympathetic Neurons I

2001 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meredith A. Albrecht ◽  
Stephen L. Colegrove ◽  
Jarin Hongpaisan ◽  
Natalia B. Pivovarova ◽  
S. Brian Andrews ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Release ◽  
Sympathetic Neurons ◽  
Ryanodine Receptors ◽  
Flux Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Simultaneous Measurements ◽  
Weak Stimulation ◽  
Quantitative Properties ◽  
Calcium Induced Calcium Release ◽  
Uptake And Release

Many cells express ryanodine receptors (RyRs) whose activation is thought to amplify depolarization-evoked elevations in cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) through a process of Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release (CICR). In neurons, it is usually assumed that CICR triggers net Ca2+ release from an ER Ca2+ store. However, since net ER Ca2+ transport depends on the relative rates of Ca2+ uptake and release via distinct pathways, weak activation of a CICR pathway during periods of ER Ca accumulation would have a totally different effect: attenuation of Ca2+ accumulation. Stronger CICR activation at higher [Ca2+]i could further attenuate Ca2+ accumulation or trigger net Ca2+ release, depending on the quantitative properties of the underlying Ca2+ transporters. This and the companion study (Hongpaisan, J., N.B. Pivovarova, S.L. Colgrove, R.D. Leapman, and D.D. Friel, and S.B. Andrews. 2001. J. Gen. Physiol. 118:101–112) investigate which of these CICR “modes” operate during depolarization-induced Ca2+ entry in sympathetic neurons. The present study focuses on small [Ca2+]i elevations (less than ∼350 nM) evoked by weak depolarization. The following two approaches were used: (1) Ca2+ fluxes were estimated from simultaneous measurements of [Ca2+]i and ICa in fura-2–loaded cells (perforated patch conditions), and (2) total ER Ca concentrations ([Ca]ER) were measured using X-ray microanalysis. Flux analysis revealed triggered net Ca2+ release during depolarization in the presence but not the absence of caffeine, and [Ca2+]i responses were accelerated by SERCA inhibitors, implicating ER Ca2+ accumulation, which was confirmed by direct [Ca]ER measurements. Ryanodine abolished caffeine-induced CICR and enhanced depolarization-induced ER Ca2+ accumulation, indicating that activation of the CICR pathway normally attenuates ER Ca2+ accumulation, which is a novel mechanism for accelerating evoked [Ca2+]i responses. Theory shows how such a low gain mode of CICR can operate during weak stimulation and switch to net Ca2+ release at high [Ca2+]i, a transition demonstrated in the companion study. These results emphasize the importance of the relative rates of Ca2+ uptake and release in defining ER contributions to depolarization-induced Ca2+ signals.

scholarly journals A high-precision instrument for mapping of rotational errors in rotary stages

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1367-1369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weihe Xu ◽  
Kenneth Lauer ◽  
Yong Chu ◽  
Evgeny Nazaretski
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
High Stability ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Capacitive Sensors ◽  
Precision Instrument ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Full Characterization ◽  
Simultaneous Measurements ◽  
Radial And Axial Displacements

A rotational stage is a key component of every X-ray instrument capable of providing tomographic or diffraction measurements. To perform accurate three-dimensional reconstructions, runout errors due to imperfect rotation (e.g.circle of confusion) must be quantified and corrected. A dedicated instrument capable of full characterization and circle of confusion mapping in rotary stages down to the sub-10 nm level has been developed. A high-stability design, with an array of five capacitive sensors, allows simultaneous measurements of wobble, radial and axial displacements. The developed instrument has been used for characterization of two mechanical stages which are part of an X-ray microscope.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Characterization of Laser-Irradiated dot Targets

1988 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 375-378
Author(s):  
G. Charatis ◽  
G.E. Busch ◽  
B.K.F. Young ◽  
R.E. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Spectral Line ◽  
Holographic Interferometry ◽  
Line Ratio ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Spatial Gradients ◽  
Simultaneous Measurements ◽  
Series Of Experiments

AbstractWe have conducted a series of experiments at the KMS CHROMA facility using dot spectroscopy techniques to characterize uncertainties associated with spectral line ratio models commonly applied in determining electron temperatures and densities. Temperatures determined from the slope of the H-like free-bound continuum and densities via holographic interferometry, are compared to line ratio methods. Dot targets of (typically 100µmD Mg or Al) are irradiated with 2 to 40 × 1013W/cm2of 0.53µmlight. Time and spatial gradients are resolved using 4 diagnostics: a 4-frame holographic interferometer, an x-ray streak crystal spectrograph with a spatial imaging slit, a framing crystal x-ray spectrometer, and a conventional space-resolved time-integrating crystal spectrograph used for survey and calibration purposes. Preliminary results indicate the ionization distribution of these laser produced plasmas is not steady-state which plays an important role in measuring the temperature and and density. Electron temperatures derived from line-ratio techniques, assuming steady state conditions, disagree dramatically from simultaneous measurements using the slope of the H-like continuum. Electron densities using He-like triplet to singlet line ratios also differ from densities measured interferometrically.

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