An automated segmentation of brain MRI for detection of normal tissues using improved machine learning approach

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Y. Bhanumurthy ◽  
Koteswararao Anne
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Automated Segmentation ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Machine Learning Approach

scholarly journals Validation of miRNAs as Breast Cancer Biomarkers with a Machine Learning Approach

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oneeb Rehman ◽  
Hanqi Zhuang ◽  
Ali Muhamed Ali ◽  
Ali Ibrahim ◽  
Zhongwei Li
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Information Gain ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Machine Learning Approach ◽  
Chi Squared

Certain small noncoding microRNAs (miRNAs) are differentially expressed in normal tissues and cancers, which makes them great candidates for biomarkers for cancer. Previously, a selected subset of miRNAs has been experimentally verified to be linked to breast cancer. In this paper, we validated the importance of these miRNAs using a machine learning approach on miRNA expression data. We performed feature selection, using Information Gain (IG), Chi-Squared (CHI2) and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operation (LASSO), on the set of these relevant miRNAs to rank them by importance. We then performed cancer classification using these miRNAs as features using Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifiers. Our results demonstrated that the miRNAs ranked higher by our analysis had higher classifier performance. Performance becomes lower as the rank of the miRNA decreases, confirming that these miRNAs had different degrees of importance as biomarkers. Furthermore, we discovered that using a minimum of three miRNAs as biomarkers for breast cancers can be as effective as using the entire set of 1800 miRNAs. This work suggests that machine learning is a useful tool for functional studies of miRNAs for cancer detection and diagnosis.

1552-P: Machine Learning Approach to Decision-Making for Initial Insulin Use in Japanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1552-P
Author(s):  
KAZUYA FUJIHARA ◽  
MAYUKO H. YAMADA ◽  
YASUHIRO MATSUBAYASHI ◽  
MASAHIKO YAMAMOTO ◽  
TOSHIHIRO IIZUKA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Machine Learning Approach ◽  
Insulin Use

A Machine Learning Approach to Jet-Surface Interaction Noise Modeling

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clifford A. Brown ◽  
Jonny Dowdall ◽  
Brian Whiteaker ◽  
Lauren McIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Surface Interaction ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Noise Modeling ◽  
Machine Learning Approach

Mol2vec: Unsupervised Machine Learning Approach with Chemical Intuition

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Jaeger ◽  
Simone Fulle ◽  
Samo Turk
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Supervised Machine Learning ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Unsupervised Machine Learning ◽  
Feature Representations ◽  
Machine Learning Approach ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Vector Representations

Inspired by natural language processing techniques we here introduce Mol2vec which is an unsupervised machine learning approach to learn vector representations of molecular substructures. Similarly, to the Word2vec models where vectors of closely related words are in close proximity in the vector space, Mol2vec learns vector representations of molecular substructures that are pointing in similar directions for chemically related substructures. Compounds can finally be encoded as vectors by summing up vectors of the individual substructures and, for instance, feed into supervised machine learning approaches to predict compound properties. The underlying substructure vector embeddings are obtained by training an unsupervised machine learning approach on a so-called corpus of compounds that consists of all available chemical matter. The resulting Mol2vec model is pre-trained once, yields dense vector representations and overcomes drawbacks of common compound feature representations such as sparseness and bit collisions. The prediction capabilities are demonstrated on several compound property and bioactivity data sets and compared with results obtained for Morgan fingerprints as reference compound representation. Mol2vec can be easily combined with ProtVec, which employs the same Word2vec concept on protein sequences, resulting in a proteochemometric approach that is alignment independent and can be thus also easily used for proteins with low sequence similarities.

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