River Phosphorus Pollution Sensory Detection & Quantification System

AbstractLoss of phosphorus from agricultural land through water runoff causes serious detrimental effects on the environment and on water quality. Phosphorous runoff from excessive use of fertilizers can cause algal blooms to grow in nearby water systems, producing toxins that contaminate drinking water sources and recreational water. In this study, a risk analysis of the algal toxin micro-cystin-LR and the mitigation of phosphorus from agriculture runoff is discussed. A risk analysis was performed on the algal bloom toxin microcystin-LR considering the Lake Erie algal bloom event of 2011 as a case study. Toxicity risk analysis results show that relatively low concentrations of microcystin-LR compared to recent case studies pose an acute health risk to both children and adults, and a significant increase in the risk of developing cancer is suggested but subject to further study given the assumptions made. This study investigated the potential of using wollastonite to mitigate phosphorus pollution, considering thermodynamic conditions of a constructed wetland receiving influent water from agriculture runoff, by using geochemical modelling. Geochemical modelling results show that wollastonite can react with phosphorus and capture it in the stable mineral form of hydroxyapatite, offering a possible strategy for risk mitigation of phosphorous runoff. A removal efficiency of 77% of phosphorus using wollastonite is calculated with the help of geochemical modelling.

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Phosphorus Release and Adsorption Properties of Polyurethane–Biochar Crosslinked Material as a Filter Additive in Bioretention Systems

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13020283 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 283

Author(s):

Yike Meng ◽

Yuan Wang ◽

Chuanyue Wang

Keyword(s):

Removal Rate ◽

Phosphorus Release ◽

Phosphate Adsorption ◽

Stormwater Treatment ◽

Isothermal Adsorption ◽

Phosphorus Pollution ◽

Adsorption Capacities ◽

Saturated Water Content ◽

Phosphate Treatment ◽

Potential Use

Bioretention systems are frequently employed in stormwater treatment to reduce phosphorus pollution and prevent eutrophication. To enhance their efficiency, filter additives are required but the currently used traditional materials cannot meet the primary requirements of excellent hydraulic properties as well as outstanding release and adsorption capacities at the same time. In this research, a polyurethane-biochar crosslinked material was produced by mixing the hardwood biochar (HB) with polyurethane to improve the performance of traditional filter additives. Through basic parameter tests, the saturated water content of polyurethane-biochar crosslinked material (PCB) was doubled and the permeability coefficient of PCB increased by two orders of magnitude. Due to the polyurethane, the leaching speed of phosphorus slowed down in the batching experiments and fewer metal cations leached. Moreover, PCB could adsorb 93–206 mg/kg PO43− at a typical PO43− concentration in stormwater runoff, 1.32–1.58 times more than HB, during isothermal adsorption experiments. In the simulating column experiments, weaker hydropower reduced the PO43− leaching quantities of PCB and had a stable removal rate of 93.84% in phosphate treatment. This study demonstrates the potential use of PCB as a filter additive in a bioretention system to achieve hydraulic goals and improve phosphate adsorption capacities.

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Functional Metagenomics Reveals an Overlooked Diversity and Novel Features of Soil-Derived Bacterial Phosphatases and Phytases

mBio ◽

10.1128/mbio.01966-18 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. e01966-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Genis Andrés Castillo Villamizar ◽

Heiko Nacke ◽

Marc Boehning ◽

Kristin Herz ◽

Rolf Daniel

Keyword(s):

Phosphatase Activity ◽

High Performance ◽

Cell Metabolism ◽

Screening Method ◽

Phosphorus Cycle ◽

Functional Metagenomics ◽

Phosphorus Pollution ◽

Metagenome Analysis ◽

Genes Encoding ◽

Novel Target

ABSTRACTPhosphatases, including phytases, play a major role in cell metabolism, phosphorus cycle, biotechnology, and pathogenic processes. Nevertheless, their discovery by functional metagenomics is challenging. Here, soil metagenomic libraries were successfully screened for genes encoding phosphatase activity. In this context, we report the largest number and diversity of phosphatase genes derived from functional metagenome analysis. Two of the detected gene products carry domains which have never been associated with phosphatase activity before. One of these domains, the SNARE-associated domain DedA, harbors a so-far-overlooked motif present in numerous bacterial SNARE-associated proteins. Our analysis revealed a previously unreported phytase activity of the alkaline phosphatase and sulfatase superfamily (cl23718) and of purple acid phosphatases from nonvegetal origin. This suggests that the classical concept comprising four classes of phytases should be modified and indicates high performance of our screening method for retrieving novel types of phosphatases/phytases hidden in metagenomes of complex environments.IMPORTANCEPhosphorus (P) is a key element involved in numerous cellular processes and essential to meet global food demand. Phosphatases play a major role in cell metabolism and contribute to control the release of P from phosphorylated organic compounds, including phytate. Apart from the relationship with pathogenesis and the enormous economic relevance, phosphatases/phytases are also important for reduction of phosphorus pollution. Almost all known functional phosphatases/phytases are derived from cultured individual microorganisms. We demonstrate here for the first time the potential of functional metagenomics to exploit the phosphatase/phytase pools hidden in environmental soil samples. The recovered diversity of phosphatases/phytases comprises new types and proteins exhibiting largely unknown characteristics, demonstrating the potential of the screening method for retrieving novel target enzymes. The insights gained into the unknown diversity of genes involved in the P cycle highlight the power of function-based metagenomic screening strategies to study Earth’s phosphatase pools.

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Assessment of Non-Point Source Total Phosphorus Pollution from Different Land Use and Soil Types in a Mid-High Latitude Region of China

Water ◽

10.3390/w8110505 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 505 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Zhiwei Wang ◽

Shengtian Yang ◽

Changsen Zhao ◽

Juan Bai ◽

Hezhen Lou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Point Source ◽

Total Phosphorus ◽

High Latitude ◽

Soil Types ◽

Phosphorus Pollution ◽

High Latitude Region ◽

Latitude Region

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Then and Now: Understanding Change on an Agricultural Landscape

10.32920/ryerson.14667981 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Alexander Pardy

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Great Lakes ◽

Management Practices ◽

Agricultural Landscape ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Reference Group ◽

Surface Water Quality ◽

Laurentian Great Lakes ◽

Phosphorus Pollution ◽

Land Use And Management

Freshwater eutrophication typically driven by non-point source phosphorus pollution is one of the worlds’ most prevalent and vexing environmental problems with the Laurentian Great Lakes on the Canada – United States border. During 1975 – 1977, the Pollution from Land Use Activities Reference Group examined eleven agricultural watersheds in order to investigate the impacts of land use activities on surface water quality. This study examined how agricultural land use and management has transformed in two watersheds, Nissouri Creek and Big Creek. The goal of this study was to quantify the phosphorus mass balance change within the watersheds. During 2015 – 2019 land use and management practices survey data was collected. Results of this study showed Nissouri Creek is now depleting -2.19 kilograms of phosphorus per hectare of agricultural land, while Big Creek is still accumulating 4.77 kilograms of phosphorus per hectare of agricultural land. This study can guide efforts to limit the long-term losses of phosphorus in the Laurentian Great Lakes and elsewhere.

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Phosphorus Pollution Control by Stormwater Bioretention Systems

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.1817 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 726-731 ◽

pp. 1817-1822

Author(s):

Fu Guo Qiu ◽

Yu Wang

Keyword(s):

Pollution Control ◽

Phosphorus Removal ◽

Suspended Solids ◽

Phosphorus Leaching ◽

Research Needs ◽

Phosphorus Pollution ◽

Phosphorus Forms ◽

Study Progress ◽

The Matrix ◽

Nitrogen Phosphorus

This paper reviewed the development of bioretention systems with a focus on its abilities to control phosphorus in stormwater. Bioretention systems takes full advantage of the matrix-microbes-plant system with simultaneous removal of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, total suspended solids (TSS), heavy metal, and pathogens. But phosphorus removal has been found inconsistent in bioretention systems, which can be observed phosphorus leaching in some systems. The phosphorus forms in stormwater, the distribution and transfer pathways of phosphorus in bioretention system need to be figured out and simulated in order to solve the phosphorus leaching. Some new matrix materials, such as aluminum-based water treatment residual, were also employed to adsorb and trap the phosphorus in stormwater. The latest study progress and further research needs of bioretention systems were summarized.

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Scale inhibitors with a hyper-branched structure: preparation, characterization and scale inhibition mechanism

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c6ra21091k ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (95) ◽

pp. 92943-92952 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Henghui Huang ◽

Qi Yao ◽

Hualin Chen ◽

Bailing Liu

Keyword(s):

Inhibition Efficiency ◽

Water Bodies ◽

Inhibition Mechanism ◽

Industrial Water ◽

Scale Inhibitor ◽

Phosphorus Pollution ◽

Scale Inhibition ◽

New Type ◽

Branched Structure

In order to improve the scale inhibition efficiency of existing scale inhibitors for industrial water and to reduce the phosphorus pollution of water bodies, a new type of scale inhibitor with a hyper-branched structure has been developed.

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