In order to overcome the problems such as poor global search ability, slow convergence rate, and easy to fall into local minimum values in the image denoising process of traditional BP neural networks, the HS-LMBP hybrid neural network image denoising algorithm is proposed which combines the harmony search algorithm and the LMBP algorithm. The HS-LMBP hybrid neural network algorithm combines the high speed of the LMBP algorithm and the global nature of the HS algorithm, which can be a good improvement to the existing problems of the BP algorithm model. Compared with the Wiener filtering, BP, LMBP and PSO-LMBP model image denoising effects, the denoising model using HS-LMBP neural network algorithm has a better denoising effect.