Safe Food, Dangerous Lands? Traditional Foods and Indigenous Peoples in Canada

There is a deep and troubling history on Turtle Island of settler authorities asserting control over traditional foods, market-based and other introduced foods for Indigenous peoples. Efforts to control Indigenous diets and bodies have resulted in direct impacts to the physical, emotional, mental and spiritual well-being of Indigenous peoples. Food insecurity is not only a symptom of settler colonialism, but part of its very architecture. The bricks and mortar of this architecture are seen through the rules and regulations that exist around the sharing and selling of traditional or land-based foods. Risk discourses concerning traditional foods work to the advantage of the settler state, overlooking the essential connections between land and food for Indigenous peoples. This article explores the ways in which the Canadian settler state undermined and continues to undermine Indigenous food sovereignty through the imposition of food safety rules and regulations across federal, provincial, and territorial jurisdictions.

On the Issue of the Specifics of the Division of Administrative Responsibility in Case of Violation of Fire Safety Requirements

The author analyzes the current problems in the division of administrative responsibility for violation of fire safety rules in the case of several subjects of an administrative offense, provided that all actions to comply with fire safety rules were assigned to other persons in the performance of civil contracts. The problem lies in the fact that currently there is a law enforcement practice, based on which, regardless of the imposition by the owner of the property of the obligation to comply with the rules in the field of fire safety on other subjects of civil legal relations, administrative responsibility can still be applied to the owner of the property. The novelty of the study is that the paper for the first time formulated a position on the full transfer of the obligation to comply with fire safety requirements from the owner of the property to other persons, guided by the primary right of the owner to dispose of the property at his discretion.

Subjective forecasting of security practices in extreme situations

The purpose of the research is to study the features of the subject’s predicted choice of security practices in connection with extreme life situations that are significant for him. The main hypothesis was the assumption that the choice of security practices can be associated with the type of extreme situation that initiates it, in such a way that each group of these practices corresponds with a certain type of extreme situations. The research was exploratory in nature. The authors used the methods of incomplete sentence and subjective scaling. A total of 200 university students participated in the study on a voluntary basis. The sample included 118 (59 %) girls and 82 (41 %) boys aged 18–21 years. The respondents identified subjectively significant extreme situations, such as illness, pressure on the psyche, domestic extreme, financial fraud, transport accident, trauma at work, criminal aggression, natural disaster, terrorist attack, destructive social conflict. Factorization has established their semantic grouping into general social, public and private extreme situations. The authors based the study on the selection of the following security practices: normative (compliance with safety instructions, safety memos, following the developed safety rules), socio-­cultural (taking into account the signs of danger, the use of talismans, protective amulets, conducting a ritual of protection against threats) and individual (compliance with the recommendations of significant persons on safety, the use of their own safety rules, their own safety traditions). The authors established on an empirical basis, that the choice of security practices differs depending on the extreme situation that initiates it. The most preferable for students are individual security practices, the least preferable are socio-­cultural ones. The choice of official security practices is more often associated with public extreme situations; the choice of socio-­cultural and individual security practices is more often associated with private extreme situations. The problem has prospects for further research.

Blasts from the past: Reimagining historical storms with model simulations to modernize dam safety and flood risk assessment

Accurate estimation of the potential “upper limit” for extreme precipitation is critical for dam safety and water resources management, as dam failures pose significant risks to life and property. Methods used to estimate the theoretical “upper limit” of precipitation are often outdated and in need of updating. The rarity of extreme events means that old storms with limited observational data are often used to define the upper bound of precipitation. Observations of many important old storms are limited in spatial and temporal coverage, and sometimes of dubious quality. This reduces confidence in flood hazard assessments used in dam safety evaluations and leads to unknown or uncertain societal risk.This paper describes a method for generating and applying ensembles of high-resolution, state-of-the-art numerical model simulations of historical past extreme precipitation events to meet contemporary stakeholder needs. The method was designed as part of a research-to-application-focused partnership project to update state dam safety rules in Colorado and New Mexico. The results demonstrated multiple stakeholder and user benefits which were applied directly into storm analyses utilized for extreme rainfall estimation, and diagnostics were developed and ultimately used to update Colorado state dam safety rules, officially passed in January 2020. We discuss how what started as a prototype research foray to meet a specific user need may ultimately inform wider adoption of numerical simulations for water resources risk assessment, and how the historical event downscaling method performed offers near-term, implementable improvements to current dam safety flood risk estimates that can better serve society today.

Determinants of IOGP Life-Saving Rules Compliance Among Nigerian Petroleum Industry Workers

Life-saving rules (LSRs) are a set of defined rules that support and complement general site-specific safety rules and procedures (SRPs). LSRs are popular in the oil & gas (O&G) industry and are part of the safety management system framework designed to prevent incidents in the workplace. Complying with LSRs ensures its intent of incident prevention, drives the goal of creating decent work, economic growth and sustainable development. With the continuum of incidents in the industry, total compliance with LSRs and SRPs still remains a mirage. Even though the introduction of LSRs in the O&G caused a paradigm shift from fair to better safety performance, incident investigations continue to unveil cases of violations/non-compliance. In the space of continuous improvement, it becomes expedient to determine possible causes of these LSRs and SRPs non-compliance, with a view to nipping the causal factors in the bud. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the factors affecting the level of workers compliance with IOGP LSRs in selected O&G companies operating in Delta State, Nigeria. The research recruited 317 sharp end workers and selected leaders, through a multistage sampling technique. A semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection. The study in its findings was able to elicit numerous compliance determinants arising from socio-demography, occupational and organisational factors. These factors are barriers to strengthen if the goal of total compliance and zero incident must be achieved in the workplace. The study recommends that management should comply with Thomas Legge's aphorisms 1 & 4 on SRPs and design training programmes for employees to be imparted with requisite knowledge needed for compliance, commit to safety and lead a positive safety culture to drive continuous improvement. Furthermore, there is the need to pursue total compliance with LSRs, SRPs and any site-specific safety rules to achieve zero incidents in the O&G industry.

ELABORATION OF PROJECT DOCUMENTATION FOR THE GAS-AIR PATH AUTOMATION SYSTEM

В данной статье описываются этапы разработки проектной документации АСУТП регулятора общего воздуха с учетом требований нормативно-технических документов, направленных на создание условий пожарной, электрической, экологической безопасности промышленных предприятий. Материалы статьи могут быть использованы в области управления в технических системах в энергетике при разработке функциональных схем, определяющих управление и регулирование технологического процесса. The aim of the article is to describe the elaboration stages of project documentation for the total air regulator. Functional automation schemes are elaborated according to the requirements of technical documentation aimed at ensuring safety rules. The article may be used in the field of technical control systems in energy sector.