Design and Implement of Firefighting-Active-Survey Terminal for Shortening Rescue Time

Introduction. GOST R 12.3.047-2012 standard offers a methodology for determination of required fire resistance limits of engineering structures. This methodology is based on a comparison of values of the fire resistance limit and the equivalent fire duration. However, in practice incidents occur when, in absence of regulatory fire resistance requirements, a facility owner, who has relaxed the fire resistance requirements prescribed by GOST R 12.3.047–2012, is ready to accept its potential loss in fire for economic reasons. In this case, one can apply the probability of safe evacuation and rescue to compare distributions of fire resistance limits, on the one hand, and evacuation and rescue time, on the other hand.A methodology for the identification of required fire resistance limits. The probabilistic method for the identification of required fire resistance limits, published in work [1], was tested in this study. This method differs from the one specified in GOST R 12.3.047-2012. The method is based on a comparison of distributions of such random values, as the estimated time of evacuation or rescue in case of fire at a production facility and fire resistance limits for engineering structures.Calculations of required fire resistance limits. This article presents a case of application of the proposed method to the rescue of people using the results of full-scale experiments, involving a real pipe rack at a gas processing plant [2].Conclusions. The required fire resistance limits for pipe rack structures of a gas processing plant were identified. The calculations took account of the time needed to evacuate and rescue the personnel, as well as the pre-set reliability of structures, given that the personnel evacuation and rescue time in case of fire is identified in an experiment.

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What Do Adolescents Learn from a 50 Minute Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation/Automated External Defibrillator Education in a Rural Area: A Pre-Post Design

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16061053 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. 1053

Author(s):

Ming-Fen Tsai ◽

Li-Hsiang Wang ◽

Ming-Shyan Lin ◽

Mei-Yen Chen

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Arrest ◽

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽

Education Program ◽

Individual Performance ◽

Automated External Defibrillator ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Rescue Time ◽

The Impact ◽

Hospital Cardiac Arrest ◽

External Defibrillator

Background: Literature indicates that patients who receive cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and automated external defibrillator (AED) from bystanders have a greater chance of surviving out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). A few evaluative studies involving CPR/AED education programs for rural adolescents have been initiated. This study aimed to examine the impact of a 50 min education program that combined CPR with AED training in two rural campuses. Methods: A quasi-experimental pre-post design was used. The 50 min CPR/AED training and individual performance using a Resusci Anne manikin was implemented with seventh grade students between August and December 2018. Results: A total of 336 participants were included in this study. The findings indicated that the 50 min CPR/AED education program significantly improved participant knowledge of emergency responses (p < 0.001), correct actions at home (p < 0.01) and outside (p < 0.001) during an emergency, and willingness to perform CPR if necessary (p < 0.001). Many participants described that “I felt more confident to perform CPR/AED,” and that “It reduces my anxiety and saves the valuable rescue time.” Conclusions: The brief education program significantly improved the immediate knowledge of cardiac emergency in participants and empowered them to act as first responders when they witnessed someone experiencing a cardiac arrest. Further studies should consider the study design and explore the effectiveness of such brief programs.

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Two-Stage Covering Location Model for Air–Ground Medical Rescue System

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11123242 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 3242 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Ming Zhang ◽

Yu Zhang ◽

Zhifeng Qiu ◽

Hanlin Wu

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Facility Location Problem ◽

Construction Cost ◽

Location Model ◽

Set Covering ◽

Two Stage ◽

Emergency Medical ◽

Rescue System ◽

Rescue Time ◽

Ground Ambulances

This study tackled the multimodal facility location problem in emergency medical rescue. First, an intermodal setting was suggested, i.e., considering cooperation between ground ambulances and helicopters in emergency medical rescues. Specifically, four scheduling modes were structured: air only, ground only, air-ground combined mode if landing and take-off site for helicopters near the wounded is available, and air-ground transshipment if the landing and take-off site for helicopters near the wounded is not available. Second, a two-stage covering location model was proposed. In the first stage, a set-covering model was developed to achieve maximum coverage and minimal total construction cost of emergency rescue facilities. The optimal mixed allocation proportion of helicopters and ground ambulances was then obtained to guarantee cohesion between the hierarchical models and covering characteristics and the economic efficiency of location results. In the second stage, for given emergency locations, an emergency scheduling mode matrix was constructed for meeting response time and total rescue time constraints. The proposed model obtains optimal results in terms of coverage, construction cost, and rescue time. A case study of Beijing, China validated the feasibility and efficiency of the two-stage covering location model for multimodal emergency medical rescue network. The proposed air-ground rescue system and two-stage covering location model can be extended and also used for large-scale disaster rescue management.

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To Rescue Time from Photography

Art Journal ◽

10.1080/00043249.2011.10790998 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 70 (2) ◽

pp. 27-33

Author(s):

Carol Bove

Keyword(s):

Rescue Time

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USAR simulation system: presenting spatial strategies in agents' task allocation under uncertainties

10.5194/nhess-2020-277 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Navid Hooshangi ◽

Ali Asghar Alesheikh ◽

Mahdi Panahi ◽

Saro Lee

Keyword(s):

Task Allocation ◽

Simulation System ◽

Interval Uncertainty ◽

Urban Search And Rescue ◽

Agent Based ◽

Spatial Strategies ◽

Allocation Process ◽

Five Phases ◽

Rescue Time ◽

Allocation Strategies

Abstract. Task allocation in uncertainty conditions is a key problem for agents attempting to achieve harmony in disaster environments. This paper presents an agent- based simulation to investigate tasks allocation through the consideration of appropriate spatial strategies to deal with uncertainty in urban search and rescue (USAR) operation. The proposed method is presented in five phases: ordering existing tasks, finding coordinating agent, holding an auction, applying allocation strategies, and implementation and observation of environmental uncertainties. The methodology was evaluated in Tehran's District 1 for 6.6, 6.9, and 7.2 magnitude earthquakes. The simulation started by calculating the number of injured individuals, which was 28856, 73195 and 111463 people for each earthquake, respectively. The Simulations were performed for each scenario for a variety of rescuers (1000, 1500, 2000 rescuer). In comparison with contract net protocol (CNP), the standard time of rescue operations in the proposed approach includes at least 13% of improvement and the best percentage of recovery was 21 %. Interval uncertainty analysis and the comparison of the proposed strategies showed that an increase in uncertainty leads to an increased rescue time for CNP of 67.7 hours, and for strategies one to four an increased rescue time of 63.4, 63.2, 63.7, and 56.5 hours, respectively. Considering strategies in the task allocation process, especially spatial strategies, resulted in the optimization and increased flexibility of the allocation as well as conditions for fault tolerance and agent-based cooperation stability in USAR simulation system.

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Acute Kidney Injury in Crush Syndrome and Renal Disaster-Experience in Bangladesh after garment factory collapse

Bangladesh Journal of Medicine ◽

10.3329/bjm.v32i2.53797 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 107-112

Author(s):

Ratan Das Gupta ◽

Nazrul Islam ◽

Dilip Kumar Debnath ◽

Syed Mahbub Morshed ◽

Aminur Rahman

Keyword(s):

Care Center ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Crush Syndrome ◽

Patient Questionnaire ◽

Primary Care Center ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Disaster Experience ◽

Garment Factory ◽

Rescue Time

Background: Crush-syndrome usually resulting from earthquake and other natural disaster causes mortality and morbidity. A multistoried garment factory collapsed in Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh on 24th April 2013 with about 4000 workers. Among the rescued victims, many of them develop crush – syndrome and AKI that led to a man-made renal disaster in Bangladesh. We analyzed outcome of severe AKI patient who required renal replacement therapy. Methods: Victims from accident site were first treated in primarily local hospital and primary care center. Suspected crush syndrome patients were rapidly transferred to tertiary hospital for dialysis and ICU support. We collect data of severe AKI patient by a standard questionnairebased onrenal disaster relief force – crush syndrome patient questionnaire. Results: We had experienced many AKI and crush syndrome after collapsed garment factory with 3500 workers which created a manmade renal disaster. We observed 27 severe AKI due to crush syndrome of Rana plaza with mean age 25.12 years, most of them were female (51.85%). Victims rescued as early as possible, average rescue time was 20.30 hours, 62.96% developed compartment syndrome and required fasciotomy. All of them got dialysis treatment; some of them required ICU support. Among all, 67% recovered completely and 26% died. Main causes of death were infection and DIC with MOF. Conclusions: Crush injury victims who developed severe AKI, required dialysis. Severe AKI patients who required dialysis had high mortality and morbidity. Early intervention to prevent AKI and complications may reduce mortality and morbidity. Bangladesh J Medicine July 2021; 32(2) : 107-112

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A Modified -Median Model for the Emergency Facilities Location Problem and Its Variable Neighbourhood Search-Based Algorithm

Journal of Applied Mathematics ◽

10.1155/2013/375657 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Menghao Xi ◽

Feng Ye ◽

Zhong Yao ◽

Qiuhong Zhao

Keyword(s):

Western China ◽

Variable Neighbourhood Search ◽

Benchmark Problems ◽

Problem Model ◽

Emergency Rescue ◽

Facilities Location ◽

Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽

Neighbourhood Search ◽

Property Losses ◽

Rescue Time

Emergency incidents, including natural disasters, terrorist attacks, public health outbreaks, and industrial and mining accidents, and so forth, result in severe human casualties and property losses. Emergency facilities, which provide relief materials and services, play an important role in rescue management. The decision of where to locate the emergency rescue facilities is very important, as it determines the efficiency and effectiveness of the emergency management process. This paper develops a modified -median problem model that accounts for rescue time limitations. A variable neighbourhood search- (VNS-) based algorithm is developed for the model considered. The modified VNS algorithm exhibits good performance on -median benchmark problems. A case from Western China is studied, and a reasonable location decision is then made for emergency rescue facilities using the modified VNS algorithm. The paper also compares the results with and without considering the rescue time limitation.

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Seismic emergency organizational structure and technical support platform for 72-hour gold rescue time

Proceedings of International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM) ◽

10.1109/iscram.2011.6184055 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Xu Liu ◽

Hao-yuan Chi ◽

Xiao-dong Xu

Keyword(s):

Organizational Structure ◽

Technical Support ◽

Rescue Time

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Simulation Analysis for the Walking Mechanism of the Underground Exploration Robot Based on MATLAB and ADAMS

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.741.705 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 741 ◽

pp. 705-708

Author(s):

Fang Qu ◽

Guo Hui Chen ◽

Shan Ning ◽

Feng Li Luo

Keyword(s):

Complex Terrain ◽

Simulation Analysis ◽

Coal Dust ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Coal Industry ◽

Main Body ◽

Three Dimensional Model ◽

Good Ability ◽

Walking Mechanism ◽

Rescue Time

In recent years, our province occurs gas and coal dust explosion accident of coal industry producing process frequently. After the accident, rescue personnel can’t go down in time, waste precious rescue time, causing more casualties personnel. To solve this problem, try to design walking mechanism of the underground exploration robot with a strong adaptation to the complex terrain, climbing and crossing barrier ability, we use the software of MATLAB and ADAMS to establish the three-dimensional model of walking mechanism and the disaster area scene and inspect the walking mechanism’s traveling smoothness in the complex terrain. Through the simulation results, we can see that walking mechanism of the underground exploration robot has a good ability to adapt to changes of the ground, effectively regulate the relative balance of the main body of walking mechanism, suitable for explore the environmental information in the underground complex terrain.

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Preemptive analgesia for postoperative pain relief in thoracolumbosacral spine operations: a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial

Journal of Neurosurgery Spine ◽

10.3171/2018.5.spine171380 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (6) ◽

pp. 647-653 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Linda S. Aglio ◽

Muhammad M. Abd-El-Barr ◽

Vwaire Orhurhu ◽

Grace Y. Kim ◽

Jie Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spine Surgery ◽

Preemptive Analgesia ◽

Single Shot ◽

Double Blind ◽

Opioid Dose ◽

Analgesic Medication ◽

Group 3 ◽

Secondary Outcomes ◽

Group 2 ◽

Rescue Time

OBJECTIVEPreemptive administration of analgesic medication is more effective than medication given after the onset of the painful stimulus. The efficacy of preoperative or preemptive pain relief after thoracolumbosacral spine surgery has not been well studied. The present study was a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial of preemptive analgesia with a single-shot epidural injection in adult patients undergoing spine surgery.METHODSNinety-nine adult patients undergoing thoracolumbosacral operations via a posterior approach were randomized to receive a single shot of either epidural placebo (group 1), hydromorphone alone (group 2), or bupivacaine with hydromorphone (group 3) before surgery at the preoperative holding area. The primary outcome was the presence of opioid sparing and rescue time—defined as the time interval from when a patient was extubated to the time pain medication was first demanded during the postoperative period. Secondary outcomes include length of stay at the postanesthesia care unit (PACU), pain score at the PACU, opioid dose, and hospital length of stay.RESULTSOf the 99 patients, 32 were randomized to the epidural placebo group, 33 to the hydromorphone-alone group, and 34 to the bupivacaine with hydromorphone group. No significant difference was seen across the demographics and surgical complexities for all 3 groups. Compared to the control group, opioid sparing was significantly higher in group 2 (57.6% vs 15.6%, p = 0.0007) and group 3 (52.9% vs 15.6%, p = 0.0045) in the first demand of intravenous hydromorphone as a supplemental analgesic medication. Compared to placebo, the rescue time was significantly higher in group 2 (187 minutes vs 51.5 minutes, p = 0.0014) and group 3 (204.5 minutes vs 51. minutes, p = 0.0045). There were no significant differences in secondary outcomes.CONCLUSIONSThe authors’ study demonstrated that preemptive analgesia in thoracolumbosacral surgeries can significantly reduce analgesia requirements in the immediate postoperative period as evidenced by reduced request for opioid medication in both analgesia study groups who received a preoperative analgesic epidural. Nonetheless, the lack of differences in pain score and opioid dose at the PACU brings into question the role of preemptive epidural opioids in spine surgery patients. Further work is necessary to investigate the long-term effectiveness of preemptive epidural opioids and their role in pain reduction and patient satisfaction.Clinical trial registration no.: NCT02968862 (clinicaltrials.gov)

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