Enhancing the Spectrum Utilization in Cellular Mobile Networks by Using Cognitive Radio Technology

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Amzad Hossain ◽  
Michael Schukat ◽  
Enda Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Spectrum Utilization ◽  
Radio Technology ◽  
Cellular Mobile ◽  
Cognitive Radio Technology

scholarly journals An Authentication Based Approach for Prevention of Spectrum Sensing Data Falsification Attacks in Cognitive Radio Network

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikhil Marriwala ◽  
Himanshu Punj ◽  
Sunita Panda ◽  
Inderjeet Kaur ◽  
Deepak Rathore
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Spectrum Sensing ◽  
Cognitive Radio Network ◽  
Radio Networks ◽  
Radio Network ◽  
Spectrum Utilization ◽  
Authentication Mechanism ◽  
Free Spectrum ◽  
Radio Technology ◽  
Cognitive Radio Technology

Abstract This is the era of Intelligent cognitive radio network technology that provides the available spectrum with efficient utilization. Cognitive Radio technology must promise to allow interference-free spectrum access by users. The paper discusses the several attacks and motives of attacks. The authentication mechanism role to prevent the attacks for hassle-free spectrum utilization is demonstrated. In this paper, resolving the cognitive network security issues by the authentication mechanism and the methods and need of authentication is discussed. This paper addresses the research challenges in the way of securing the cognitive radio network and countermeasures in CRN security strategies. Cognitive radio is an empowering innovation that guarantees to achieve spectrum utilization. In cognitive radio networks, several security threats affect the process of cognitive radio. Spectrum sensing data falsification (SSDF) attack is most disruptive in which the malicious users degrade the decision-making process by sending the false sensing reports to data fusion centres thus preventing honest users from utilizing the spectrum. Hence, security is a very important issue in cognitive radio networks that needs to be addressed for proper utilization of available spectrum by the users. Cognitive radio technology must promise secure spectrum dynamic access to users. In this paper, to counter the SSDF attack, the trust-based security mechanism is demonstrated to authenticate the honest users and it is observed that the proposed framework in the MATLAB environment is efficient and able to detect malicious users. Cognitive radio technology is the strategy applied to the spectrum to make it efficient for wireless communication. The strategy is an intelligent way to access the spectrum as it can learn its environment and make decisions by easy adaptation of operating parameters. The multiple nodes scenario is a good perspective. Software-defined radio is an essential component of cognitive radio Here, secondary users can access the spectrum to primary users whenever their vacant spectrum is available. The initial step is to sense the spectrum available further steps are spectrum decision making, spectrum management, and spectrum mobility. The network is vulnerable to various attacks on spectrum sensing and policy protocols which lead to disturbing functionality of cognitive radio technology. The defence mechanism based on public-key cryptography is proposed in which PU is authenticated by appending signature provided to PU signal. Authentication with a tag to the primary users is another perspective proposed. CRN technology should provide integrity, confidentiality and authenticity to the users.

Towards Security Issues and Solutions in Cognitive Radio Networks

2015 ◽  
pp. 813-834
Author(s):  
Saed Alrabaee ◽  
Mahmoud Khasawneh ◽  
Anjali Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Cognitive Radio Networks ◽  
Radio Networks ◽  
Network Technology ◽  
Spectrum Utilization ◽  
Secondary Users ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Primary Users ◽  
Radio Technology ◽  
Cognitive Radio Technology

Cognitive radio technology is the vision of pervasive wireless communications that improves the spectrum utilization and offers many social and individual benefits. The objective of the cognitive radio network technology is to use the unutilized spectrum by primary users and fulfill the secondary users' demands irrespective of time and location (any time and any place). Due to their flexibility, the Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs) are vulnerable to numerous threats and security problems that will affect the performance of the network. Little attention has been given to security aspects in cognitive radio networks. In this chapter, the authors discuss the security issues in cognitive radio networks, and then they present an intensive list of the main known security threats in CRN at various layers and the adverse effects on performance due to such threats, and the current existing paradigms to mitigate such issues and threats. Finally, the authors highlight proposed directions in order to make CRN more authenticated, reliable, and secure.

scholarly journals Machine Learning Implementation in Cognitive Radio Networks with Game-Theory Technique

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-75
Author(s):  
Dr. Jennifer S. Raj
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Radio Networks ◽  
Spectrum Utilization ◽  
Queuing Model ◽  
Allocation Model ◽  
Preemptive Resume Priority ◽  
Radio Technology ◽  
Cognitive Radio Technology ◽  
Theory Technique

Significant enhancement of spectrum utilization can be performed by means of Cognitive Radio technology. A game theory based Cognitive Radio Network with Dynamic Spectrum Allocation model is proposed in this paper. M|M|1 queuing model is implemented along with Preemptive Resume Priority for accommodation of all the cases. An Incremental Weights-Decremental Ratios (IW-DR) algorithm based on priority-based scheduling is used for supplementing this theory. Regression models are used for restructuring and improving the efficiency of the system.

scholarly journals Cognitive Radio Spectrum Sensing Mechanisms in TV White Spaces: A Survey

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 3673-3680
Author(s):  
K. Kimani ◽  
M. Njiraine
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Spectrum Sensing ◽  
Spectrum Sharing ◽  
Limited Resource ◽  
Radio Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Utilization ◽  
Transmission Parameters ◽  
Wireless Users ◽  
Radio Technology ◽  
Cognitive Radio Technology

Frequency spectrum is a limited resource and the increasing demand caused by emerging services, augmented number of wireless users along with the demand for high-quality multimedia applications have resulted in the overcrowding of the allocated spectrum bands. The overcrowding of spectrum bands has exacerbated by the current spectrum licensing policy which has emerged as a bottleneck to efficient spectrum utilization, due to its inflexibility, resulting in most of the licensed spectrum being severely under-utilized. However, the problem of scarcity of spectrum bands and the inefficient utilization of the already allocated radio spectrum can be smartly addressed through spectrum sharing by enabling opportunistic usage of the underutilized frequency bands. One of the most exciting ways of spectrum sharing is cognitive radio technology which allows a wireless node to sense the environment, detect the network changes, and then make intelligent decisions by dynamically changing its reception or transmission parameters to communicate while ensuring that no interference is affected to the licensed users. It thus improves the spectrum utilization by reusing the unused or underutilized spectrum owned by the incumbent systems (primary systems). In this paper, a comprehensive survey and review of recent research about the advances in cognitive radio technology will be carried out. We will also evaluate the various spectrum sensing techniques in a cognitive radio network in the UHF/VHF bands allocated for TV broadcasting.

Towards Security Issues and Solutions in Cognitive Radio Networks

Big Data ◽  
2016 ◽  
pp. 1326-1346
Author(s):  
Saed Alrabaee ◽  
Mahmoud Khasawneh ◽  
Anjali Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Cognitive Radio Networks ◽  
Radio Networks ◽  
Network Technology ◽  
Spectrum Utilization ◽  
Secondary Users ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Primary Users ◽  
Radio Technology ◽  
Cognitive Radio Technology

Cognitive radio technology is the vision of pervasive wireless communications that improves the spectrum utilization and offers many social and individual benefits. The objective of the cognitive radio network technology is to use the unutilized spectrum by primary users and fulfill the secondary users' demands irrespective of time and location (any time and any place). Due to their flexibility, the Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs) are vulnerable to numerous threats and security problems that will affect the performance of the network. Little attention has been given to security aspects in cognitive radio networks. In this chapter, the authors discuss the security issues in cognitive radio networks, and then they present an intensive list of the main known security threats in CRN at various layers and the adverse effects on performance due to such threats, and the current existing paradigms to mitigate such issues and threats. Finally, the authors highlight proposed directions in order to make CRN more authenticated, reliable, and secure.

scholarly journals Study, design and development of novel architectures and technologies that exploit the digital spectrum dividend for the development of wireless local / metropolitan multimedia services infrastructures

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Αθηνά Μπουρδένα
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Radio Resource Management ◽  
Radio Resource ◽  
Multimedia Services ◽  
Digital Spectrum ◽  
Radio Technology ◽  
Cognitive Radio Technology

Η Διδακτορική Διατριβή αυτή συμβάλλει στην ευκαιριακή αξιοποίηση του ραδιοφάσματος, μέσω της μελέτης, του σχεδιασμού και της υλοποίησης μίας πρωτότυπης αρχιτεκτονικής, η οποία επιτρέπει στις μη-αδειοδοτημένες (δευτερεύουσες) συσκευές να αξιοποιούν δυναμικά και σε τοπικό επίπεδο, τις διαθέσιμες τηλεοπτικές συχνότητες VHF/UHF (Τηλεοπτικό Λευκό Φάσμα - TVWS) για την παροχή πολυμεσικών υπηρεσιών σε ασύρματες τοπικές/μητροπολιτικές υποδομές. Βασιζόμενη στις πρόσφατες εξελίξεις της τεχνολογίας του γνωσιακού ραδιοφάσματος (Cognitive Radio technology) καθώς και εξετάζοντας τις νέες πολιτικές διαχείρισης του ραδιοφάσματος που θα αξιοποιηθούν για την εκμετάλλευση των απελευθερωμένων ραδιο-πόρων, η Διδακτορική Διατριβή παρουσιάζει μια υβριδική αρχιτεκτονική, για την αποδοτική διαχείριση του ραδιοφάσματος, είτε μέσω ενός μεσίτη φάσματος (Spectrum Broker), είτε μέσω τεχνικών αποφυγής παρεμβολών υπό την επίβλεψη μιας χωρικά τοποθετημένης βάσης δεδομένων (Geo-location database). Στα πλαίσια της παρούσας Διατριβής σχεδιάστηκε και υλοποιήθηκε, στο επίπεδο ζεύξης δεδομένων, ένας πρωτότυπος μηχανισμός, για την βέλτιστη διαχείριση των ραδιο-πόρων (Radio Resource Management - RRM) σε σχέση με την εγγυημένη παροχή Ποιότητας Υπηρεσίας (Quality of Service - QoS), καθώς και το μέγιστο δυνατό κέρδος των συναλλαγών. Προς την κατεύθυνση αυτή μελετήθηκαν, δύο είδη τεχνικών βελτιστοποίησης, η τεχνική λήψης αποφάσεων και η θεωρία παιγνίων, προκειμένου να αναπτυχθεί ένας νέος αλγόριθμος ικανός να παρέχει αποδοτικές λύσεις όσον αφορά τον ελάχιστο κατακερματισμό του φάσματος και το μέγιστο δυνατό κέρδος του μεσίτη φάσματος. Επιπλέον, η Διατριβή συμβάλλει στη μελέτη και ανάπτυξη ενός νέου πρωτοκόλλου δρομολόγησης, που επιτρέπει την επικοινωνία μεταξύ συστημάτων, τα οποία δημιουργούν ad-hoc γνωσιακά δίκτυα και βρίσκονται σε διαφορετικές περιοχές (δηλαδή, δεν υπάρχει άμεση ζεύξη επικοινωνίας μεταξύ τους). Για να γίνει αυτό, το βέλτιστο μονοπάτι επικοινωνίας εγκαθίσταται μέσα από μία σειρά ενδιάμεσων κόμβων που χρησιμοποιούν την γνωσιακή τεχνολογία, οι οποίοι επιλέγονται βήμα-προς-βήμα (hop-by-hop) αξιολογώντας τη χρονική καθυστέρηση της επικοινωνίας. Επιπλέον, και προκειμένου να αποφευχθούν πιθανές αποτυχίες στη διαδρομή ή υπερφόρτωση των ενδιάμεσων κόμβων, το πρωτόκολλο εφαρμόζει ένα πρωτότυπο μηχανισμό σε κάθε κόμβο, προκειμένου να εξισορροπείται το φορτίο κάνοντας ανακατεύθυνση της δικτυακής κίνησης. Για την επαλήθευση της εγκυρότητας της προτεινόμενης αρχιτεκτονικής, μία σειρά από πειράματα σχεδιάστηκαν και διεξήχθησαν υπό ελεγχόμενες συνθήκες περιβάλλοντος (προσομοιώσεις). Στα πλαίσια αυτά, ένα πειραματικό πρωτότυπο τέθηκε σε εφαρμογή σύμφωνα με τις τεχνικές προδιαγραφές σχεδιασμού, το οποίο αξιοποιήθηκε για τη διεξαγωγή μετρήσεων αξιολόγησης των επιδόσεων. Τα αποτελέσματα που προέκυψαν επαλήθευσαν την ικανότητα της προτεινόμενης αρχιτεκτονικής για την υποστήριξη της ανάπτυξης τοπικών/μητροπολιτικών υποδομών πολυμέσων μέσω της ευκαιριακής αξιοποίησης του ραδιοφάσματος των TV WS και ανέδειξαν πεδία μελλοντικής έρευνας, όπως η λειτουργία με την ελάχιστη ενεργειακή απόδοση τόσο σε επίπεδο συστημάτων όσο και τελικών χρηστών ή η μελέτη μηχανισμών επιπέδου μεταφοράς για τον περιορισμό των μειονεκτημάτων του υπάρχοντος TCP σε χρονικά μεταβαλλόμενα συνδέσεις.

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