Can LTE-A Support Real-Time Smart Meter Traffic in the Smart Grid?

The chapter investigates the scheduling load added on a long-term evolution (LTE) and/or LTE-Advanced (LTEA) network when automatic meter reading (AMR) in advanced metering infrastructures (AMI) is performed using internet of things (IoT) deployments of smart meters in the smart grid. First, radio resource management algorithms to perform dynamic scheduling of the meter transmissions are proposed and shown to allow the accommodation of a large number of smart meters within a limited coverage area. Then, potential techniques for reducing the signaling load between the meters and base stations are proposed and analyzed. Afterwards, advanced concepts from LTE-A, namely carrier aggregation (CA) and relay stations (RSs) are investigated in conjunction with the proposed algorithms in order to accommodate a larger number of smart meters without disturbing cellular communications.

Distributed and Scalable Radio Resource Management for mmWave V2V Relays towards Safe Automated Driving

The millimeter-wave (mmWave) Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication system has drawn attention as a critical technology to extend the restricted perception of onboard sensors and upgrade the level of vehicular safety that requires a high data rate. However, co-channel inter-link interference presents significant challenges for scalable V2V communications. To overcome such limitations, this paper firstly analyzes the required data rate ensuring maneuver safety via mmWave V2V relays in an overtaking traffic scenario. Based on these preparations, we propose a distributed radio resource management scheme that integrates spatial, frequency, and power domains for two transmission ranges (short/long). In the spatial domain, ZigZag antenna configuration is utilized to mitigate the interference, which plays a decisive role in the short inter-vehicle distance. In frequency and power domains, two resource blocks are allocated alternately, and transmit power is controlled to suppress the interference, which has a decisive impact on interference mitigation in the long inter-vehicle distance. Simulation results reveal that the achievable End-to-End (E2E) throughput maintains consistently higher than the required data rate for all vehicles. Most importantly, it works effectively in scalable mmWave V2V topology.

Proportional fair buffer scheduling algorithm for 5G enhanced mobile broadband

The impending next generation of mobile communications denoted 5G intends to interconnect user equipment, things, vehicles, and cities. It will provide an order of magnitude improvement in performance and network efficiency, and different combinations of use cases enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra reliable low latency communications (URLLC), massive internet of things (mIoT) with new capabilities and diverse requirements. Adoption of advanced radio resource management procedures such as packet scheduling algorithms is necessary to distribute radio resources among different users efficiently. The proportional fair (PF) scheduling algorithm and its modified versions have proved to be the commonly used scheduling algorithms for their ability to provide a tradeoff between throughput and fairness. In this article, the buffer status is combined with the PF metric to suggest a new scheduling algorithm for efficient support for eMBB. The effectiveness of the proposed scheduling strategy is proved through à comprehensive experimental analysis based on the evaluation of different quality of service key performance indicators (QoS KPIs) such as throughput, fairness, and buffer status.

Machine Learning: A Catalyst for THz Wireless Networks

With the vision to transform the current wireless network into a cyber-physical intelligent platform capable of supporting bandwidth-hungry and latency-constrained applications, both academia and industry turned their attention to the development of artificial intelligence (AI) enabled terahertz (THz) wireless networks. In this article, we list the applications of THz wireless systems in the beyond fifth generation era and discuss their enabling technologies and fundamental challenges that can be formulated as AI problems. These problems are related to physical, medium/multiple access control, radio resource management, network and transport layer. For each of them, we report the AI approaches, which have been recognized as possible solutions in the technical literature, emphasizing their principles and limitations. Finally, we provide an insightful discussion concerning research gaps and possible future directions.

The improvement of method for the multi-criteria evaluation of the effectiveness of the control of the structure and parameters of interference protection of special-purpose radio communication systems

Military radio communication systems are the basis of special purpose control systems and the object of the enemy’s primary influence. Therefore, the issue of increasing the noise immunity of military radio communication systems is important and needs further research. Thus, the object of the research was chosen to be a military radio communication system. Maintaining a given level of noise immunity for military radio systems is one of the key issues in radio resource management, the effective management of which allows the use of the entire suitable frequency range for the transmission (reception) of electromagnetic energy by radio electronic devices. A number of works have been devoted to the ways search for increasing the noise immunity of military radio communication systems. One such way is to develop new (improve existing) approaches for assessing the effectiveness of military radio interference management. This work solves the problem of improving the method of multicriteria management effectiveness evaluation of the structure and parameters of the military radio systems noise protection. The scientific problem is solved by the devices of multicriteria estimation of the of noise protection level of the military radio communication system, graphic display of the executed and not executed tasks, the aggregation scheme of formation of the integrated estimation of noise protection. The research used scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, also the theory provisions of signal-code structures and the provisions of the complex technical systems theory. The peculiarity of the proposed improvement of the methodology is the multi-criteria assessment of the noise immunity level of the military radio communication system in the conditions of radio electronic conflict. The proposed technique allows: – to evaluate the effectiveness of noise protection management; – to substantiate the optimal configuration of the military radio communication system in solving the problems of noise protection management in the conditions of radio electronic conflict; – to identify the ways to increase noise immunity at the stage of operational management of the military radio communication system in the conditions of electronic conflict. The results of the research should be used in assessing the effectiveness of management of noise protection of military radio communication systems and determining the optimal structure and parameters of military radio systems.

Power and Radio Resource Management in Femtocell Networks for Interference Mitigation

The growth of mobile traffic volume has been exploded because of the rapid improvement of mobile devices and their applications. Heterogeneous networks (HetNets) can be an attractive solution in order to adopt the exponential growth of wireless data. Femtocell networks are accommodated within the concept of HetNets. The implementation of femtocell networks has been considered as an innovative approach that can improve the network’s capacity. However, dense implementation and installation of femtocells would introduce interference, which reduces the network’s performance. Interference occurs when two adjacent femtocells are operated with the same radio resources. In this work, a scheme, which comprises two stages, is proposed. The first step is to distribute radio resources among femtocells, where each femtocell can identify the source of the interference. A constructed table is generated in order to measure the level of interference for each femtocell. Accordingly, the level of interference for each sub-channel can be recognized by all femtocells. The second stage includes a mechanism that helps femtocell base stations adjust their transmission power autonomously to alleviate the interference. It enforces a cost function, which should be realized by each femtocell. The cost function is calculated based on the production of undesirable interference impact, which is introduced by each femtocell. Hence, the transmission power is adjusted autonomously, where undesirable interference can be monitored and alleviated. The proposed scheme is evaluated through a MATLAB simulation and compared with other approaches. The simulation results show an improvement in the network’s capacity. Furthermore, the unfavorable impact of the interference can be managed and alleviated.