Electron Beams and Their Applications in Low Voltage Devices

1936 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1276-1297 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.C. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Low Voltage ◽  
Electron Beams

Soft Vacuum, Pulsed Electron Beam Processing of Polyimides

1987 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Krishnaswamy ◽  
L. Li ◽  
G. J. Collins ◽  
H. Hiraoka ◽  
Mary Ann Caolo
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Electron Beams ◽  
Thermal Cure ◽  
Beam Hardening ◽  
Polyamic Acid ◽  
Pulsed Electron Beam ◽  
Substrate Distance ◽  
Electron Beam Processing ◽  
Oxygen Discharge

ABSTRACTWe report on the successful patterning of polyamic acid over wide areas using 28 kV pulsed electron beams produced in 30 mTorr air. The pattern degradation during the 350°C, 1/2 hr, imidizing thermal cure is prevented by pulsed, flood electron beam hardening of the developed polyamic acid patterns using the same soft vacuum, pulsed electron beam apparatus. It is also shown that a CW, low voltage, 1 to 3 kV electron beam sustained oxygen discharge can be used to completely strip the hardened, imidized material which is difficult to remove by wet methods. We also present, dose versus thickness remaining characteristics as a function of electron source to substrate distance and some examples of polyimide patterning.

High Resolution, Low Accelerating Voltage Scanning Electron Microscopy of Uncoated, Non-Conducting Surfaces

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 752-753
Author(s):  
Vincent J. Coates
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Electron Beams ◽  
Primary Electron ◽  
Electron Gun ◽  
Secondary Electrons ◽  
Small Probe ◽  
Voltage Scanning ◽  
Scanning Electron

Recent improvements in the design of the Coates and Welter field emission electron gun have resulted in very small probe sizes (less than 50A) with low voltage (0.5 to 2 KV) electron beams operated at probe currents in excess of 1 nanoampere. Such weak electrons do not penetrate deeply into the sample. This results in images which often show more topographical detail of surface features than can be obtained using conventional high voltage scanning electron microscopy. At low voltages, the number of secondary electrons produced for each primary electron in the beam is often greater than one.

Modular low-voltage electron beams

2004 ◽  
Vol 71 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 301-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J Berejka ◽  
Tovi Avnery ◽  
Carl Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Low Voltage ◽  
Electron Beams ◽  
Voltage Electron

Materials for Electron Beam Information Storage

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 152-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Speliotis
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Electron Beams ◽  
Information Storage ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Magnetic Field

The interaction of electron beams with a large variety of materials for information storage has been the subject of numerous proposals and studies in the recent literature. The materials range from photographic to thermoplastic and magnetic, and the interactions with the electron beam for writing and reading the information utilize the energy, or the current, or even the magnetic field associated with the electron beam.

Processing of human melanoma cells for correlative TEM, LVSEM, and LM

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 106-107
Author(s):  
Marek Malecki ◽  
J. Victor Small ◽  
James Pawley
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Fluorescent Microscopy ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Surface Topology ◽  
Integrin Receptors ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Develop Technology ◽  
Voltage Scanning ◽  
Mechanisms Of Adhesion

The relative roles of adhesion and locomotion in malignancy have yet to be clearly established. In a tumor, subpopulations of cells may be recognized according to their capacity to invade neighbouring tissue,or to enter the blood stream and metastasize. The mechanisms of adhesion and locomotion are themselves tightly linked to the cytoskeletal apparatus and cell surface topology, including expression of integrin receptors. In our studies on melanomas with Fluorescent Microscopy (FM) and Cell Sorter(FACS), we noticed that cells in cultures derived from metastases had more numerous actin bundles, then cells from primary foci. Following this track, we attempted to develop technology allowing to compare ultrastructure of these cells using correlative Transmission Electron Microscopy(TEM) and Low Voltage Scanning Electron Microscopy(LVSEM).

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