Coherent Model of L-Band Radar Scattering by Soybean Plants: Model Development, Evaluation, and Retrieval

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 272-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huanting Huang ◽  
Seung-Bum Kim ◽  
Leung Tsang ◽  
Xiaolan Xu ◽  
Tien-Hao Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Model Development ◽  
Radar Scattering ◽  
L Band ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Development Evaluation

122 A Mechanistic Model of Growth and Amino Acid Deposition in the Pregnant Sow: Model Development, Evaluation, and Application

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 55-56
Author(s):  
Christian D Ramirez-Camba ◽  
Crystal L Levesque
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Mechanistic Model ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Allantoic Fluid ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Maternal Body ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Development Evaluation ◽  
Model Weight

Abstract A mechanistic model was developed with the objective to characterize weight gain and essential amino acid (EAA) deposition in the different tissue pools that make up the pregnant sow: placenta, allantoic fluid, amniotic fluid, fetus, uterus, mammary gland, and maternal body were considered. The data used in this modelling approach were obtained from published scientific articles reporting weights, crude protein (CP), and EAA composition in the previously mentioned tissues; studies reporting not less than 5 datapoints across gestation were considered. A total of 12 scientific articles published between 1977 and 2020 were selected for the development of the model and the model was validated using 11 separate scientific papers. The model consists of three connected sub-models: protein deposition (Pd) model, weight gain model, and EAA deposition model. Weight gain, Pd, and EAA deposition curves were developed with nonparametric statistics using splines regression. The validation of the model showed a strong agreement between observed and predicted growth (r2 = 0.92, root mean square error = 3%). The proposed model also offered descriptive insights into the weight gain and Pd during gestation. The model suggests that the definition of time-dependent Pd is more accurately described as an increase in fluid deposition during mid-gestation coinciding with a reduction in Pd. In addition, due to differences in CP composition between pregnancy-related tissues and maternal body, Pd by itself may not be the best measurement criteria for the estimation of EAA requirement in pregnant sows. The proposed model also captures the negative maternal Pd that occurs in late gestation and indicates that litter size influences maternal tissue mobilization more than parity. The model predicts that the EAA requirements in early and mid-gestation are 75, 55 and 50% lower for primiparous sows than parity 2, 3 and 4+ sows, respectively, which suggest the potential benefits of parity segregated feeding.

Sea Surface Radar Scattering at L-Band Based on Numerical Solution of Maxwell’s Equations in 3-D (NMM3D)

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 3137-3147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tai Qiao ◽  
Leung Tsang ◽  
Douglas Vandemark ◽  
Simon H. Yueh ◽  
Tien-Hao Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Solution ◽  
Maxwell’S Equations ◽  
Maxwell's Equations ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Radar Scattering ◽  
L Band

scholarly journals Intercropping Simulation Using the SWAP Model: Development of a 2×1D Algorithm

Agriculture ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Meriguetti Pinto ◽  
Jos C. van Dam ◽  
Quirijn de Jong van Lier ◽  
Klaus Reichardt
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Spatial Dimension ◽  
Model Soil ◽  
Swap Model ◽  
1D Model ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Strip Intercropping

Intercropping is a common cultivation system in sustainable agriculture, allowing crop diversity and better soil surface exploitation. Simulation of intercropped plants with integrated soil–plant–atmosphere models is a challenging procedure due to the requirement of a second spatial dimension for calculating the soil water lateral flux. Evaluations of more straightforward approaches for intercrop modeling are, therefore, mandatory. An adaptation of the 1D model Soil, Water, Atmosphere and Plant coupled to the World Food Studies (SWAP/WOFOST) to simulate intercropping (SWAP 2×1D) based on solar radiation and water partitioning between plant strips was developed and the outcomes are presented. An application of SWAP 2×1D to maize–soybean (MS) strip intercropping was evaluated against the monocropping maize (M) and soybean (S) simulated with the 1D model SWAP/WOFOST, and a sensitivity analysis of SWAP 2×1D was carried out for the intercropping MS. SWAP 2×1D was able to simulate the radiation interception by both crops in the intercropping MS and also to determine the effect of the radiation attenuation by maize on soybean plants. Intercropped plants presented higher transpiration and resulted in lower soil evaporation when compared to their equivalent monocropping cultivation. A numerical issue involving model instability caused by the simulated lateral water flux in the soil from one strip to the other was solved. The most sensitive plant parameters were those related to the taller plant strips in the intercropping, and soil retention curve parameters were overall all significantly sensitive for the water balance simulation. This implementation of the SWAP model presents an opportunity to simulate strip intercropping with a limited number of parameters, including the partitioning of radiation by a well-validated radiation sharing model and of soil water by simulating the lateral soil water fluxes between strips in the 2×1D environment.

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN MODEL EVALUASI KULTUR SMA

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-107
Author(s):  
Siswanto Siswanto
Keyword(s):  
School Culture ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Academic Culture ◽  
Social Culture ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Development Evaluation ◽  
Competition Discipline ◽  
Reward And Punishment

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) mengindentifikasi, 2) me-ngembangkan model evaluasi, dan 3) mengetahui kelayakan model evaluasi kultur SMA yang dikembangkan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dan pengembangan. Langkah-langkah penelitian dan pe-ngembangan menggunakan acuan pokok dari Plomp, sedangkan penentuan jumlah subjek uji coba menggunakan acuan dari Borg & Gall. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) keadaan kultur akademik yang berkembang di SMA saat ini terdiri atas enam aspek budaya, yaitu berprestasi dan berkompetisi, disiplin dan efisien, jujur dan terbuka, gemar membaca, teguran dan penghargaan, serta kerja sama dan kebersamaan; 2) keadaan kultur sosial yang ber-kembang di SMA saat ini terdiri atas sembilan aspek budaya, yaitu jujur dan terbuka, teguran dan penghargaan, kerjasama dan keber-samaan, saling menghormati, bersih, disiplin dan efisien, ber-sahabat/komunikatif, saling percaya, dan semangat kebangsaan; 3) hasil confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) menunjukkan bahwa model evaluasi kultur akademik dengan responden siswa dan guru sesuai dengan data lapangan dan model evaluasi kultur SMA yang di-kembangkan layak digunakan.Kata kunci: pengembangan model, evaluasi, kultur sekolah______________________________________________________________DEVELOPING A MODEL OF AN EVALUATION OF THE SCHOOL CULTURE IN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOLSAbstract This study aims to: 1) identify the condition of the school culture in senior high schools (SHSs) at this moment; 2) develop a model of an evaluation of the school culture in SHSs; and 3) know the feasability of the developed model of the evaluation of the school culture in SHSs. This research was a research and development. This steps of the research and development were those proposed by Plomp, while the number of the try out subjects was established using Borg & Gall. The conclusions of the study are as follows 1) the condition of academic culture which is developing in SHSs consists of six cultural aspects, namely achievement and competition, discipline and efficiency, honesty and openness, reading habit, reward and punishment, and cooperation and togetherness; 2) the condition of social culture which is developing in SHSs consists of nine cultural aspects, namely honesty and openness, reward and punishment, cooperation and togetherness, mutual respect, cleanness, discipline and efficiency, friendliness/communicativeness, mutual trust, and nationalism spirit; 3) the result of the CFA shows that the evaluation model for the academic culture for the students is  relevant to the field. Teacher respondance shows that value of KMO is 0,655; 4) the result  of the social culture for students is relevant to the field. Teacher respondance shows that value of KMO is 0,682; 5) the effectiveness of the model of the evaluation of the school culture is judged as a good evaluation model.Keywords: model development, evaluation, school culture

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