scholarly journals Stream heat budget modeling with HFLUX: Model development, evaluation, and applications across contrasting sites and seasons

2017 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 213-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
AnneMarie Glose ◽  
Laura K. Lautz ◽  
Emily A. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Heat Budget ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Development Evaluation

122 A Mechanistic Model of Growth and Amino Acid Deposition in the Pregnant Sow: Model Development, Evaluation, and Application

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 55-56
Author(s):  
Christian D Ramirez-Camba ◽  
Crystal L Levesque
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Mechanistic Model ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Allantoic Fluid ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Maternal Body ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Development Evaluation ◽  
Model Weight

Abstract A mechanistic model was developed with the objective to characterize weight gain and essential amino acid (EAA) deposition in the different tissue pools that make up the pregnant sow: placenta, allantoic fluid, amniotic fluid, fetus, uterus, mammary gland, and maternal body were considered. The data used in this modelling approach were obtained from published scientific articles reporting weights, crude protein (CP), and EAA composition in the previously mentioned tissues; studies reporting not less than 5 datapoints across gestation were considered. A total of 12 scientific articles published between 1977 and 2020 were selected for the development of the model and the model was validated using 11 separate scientific papers. The model consists of three connected sub-models: protein deposition (Pd) model, weight gain model, and EAA deposition model. Weight gain, Pd, and EAA deposition curves were developed with nonparametric statistics using splines regression. The validation of the model showed a strong agreement between observed and predicted growth (r2 = 0.92, root mean square error = 3%). The proposed model also offered descriptive insights into the weight gain and Pd during gestation. The model suggests that the definition of time-dependent Pd is more accurately described as an increase in fluid deposition during mid-gestation coinciding with a reduction in Pd. In addition, due to differences in CP composition between pregnancy-related tissues and maternal body, Pd by itself may not be the best measurement criteria for the estimation of EAA requirement in pregnant sows. The proposed model also captures the negative maternal Pd that occurs in late gestation and indicates that litter size influences maternal tissue mobilization more than parity. The model predicts that the EAA requirements in early and mid-gestation are 75, 55 and 50% lower for primiparous sows than parity 2, 3 and 4+ sows, respectively, which suggest the potential benefits of parity segregated feeding.

scholarly journals Understanding the Equatorial Pacific Cold Tongue Time-Mean Heat Budget. Part II: Evaluation of the GFDL-FLOR Coupled GCM

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (24) ◽  
pp. 9987-10011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sulagna Ray ◽  
Andrew T. Wittenberg ◽  
Stephen M. Griffies ◽  
Fanrong Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transport ◽  
Wind Stress ◽  
Heat Budget ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Vertical Mixing ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Thermocline Depth ◽  
Surface Mixed Layer ◽  
Cold Tongue ◽  
Coupled Gcm

The heat budget of the Pacific equatorial cold tongue (ECT) is explored using the GFDL-FLOR coupled GCM (the forecast-oriented low ocean resolution version of CM2.5) and ocean reanalyses, leveraging the two-layer framework developed in Part I. Despite FLOR’s relatively weak meridional stirring by tropical instability waves (TIWs), the model maintains a reasonable SST and thermocline depth in the ECT via two compensating biases: 1) enhanced monthly-scale vertical advective cooling below the surface mixed layer (SML), due to overly cyclonic off-equatorial wind stress that acts to cool the equatorial source waters; and 2) an excessive SST contrast between the ECT and off-equator areas, which boosts the equatorward heat transport by TIWs. FLOR’s strong advective cooling at the SML base is compensated by strong downward diffusion of heat out of the SML, which then allows FLOR’s ECT to take up a realistic heat flux from the atmosphere. Correcting FLOR’s climatological SST and wind stress biases via flux adjustment (FA) leads to weaker deep advective cooling of the ECT, which then erodes the upper-ocean thermal stratification, enhances vertical mixing, and excessively deepens the thermocline. FA does strengthen FLOR’s meridional shear of the zonal currents in the east Pacific, but this does not amplify either the simulated TIWs or their equatorward heat transport, likely due to FLOR’s coarse zonal ocean resolution. The analysis suggests that to advance coupled simulations of the ECT, improved winds and surface heat fluxes must go hand in hand with improved subseasonal and parameterized ocean processes. Implications for model development and the tropical Pacific observing system are discussed.

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN MODEL EVALUASI KULTUR SMA

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-107
Author(s):  
Siswanto Siswanto
Keyword(s):  
School Culture ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Academic Culture ◽  
Social Culture ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Development Evaluation ◽  
Competition Discipline ◽  
Reward And Punishment

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) mengindentifikasi, 2) me-ngembangkan model evaluasi, dan 3) mengetahui kelayakan model evaluasi kultur SMA yang dikembangkan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dan pengembangan. Langkah-langkah penelitian dan pe-ngembangan menggunakan acuan pokok dari Plomp, sedangkan penentuan jumlah subjek uji coba menggunakan acuan dari Borg & Gall. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) keadaan kultur akademik yang berkembang di SMA saat ini terdiri atas enam aspek budaya, yaitu berprestasi dan berkompetisi, disiplin dan efisien, jujur dan terbuka, gemar membaca, teguran dan penghargaan, serta kerja sama dan kebersamaan; 2) keadaan kultur sosial yang ber-kembang di SMA saat ini terdiri atas sembilan aspek budaya, yaitu jujur dan terbuka, teguran dan penghargaan, kerjasama dan keber-samaan, saling menghormati, bersih, disiplin dan efisien, ber-sahabat/komunikatif, saling percaya, dan semangat kebangsaan; 3) hasil confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) menunjukkan bahwa model evaluasi kultur akademik dengan responden siswa dan guru sesuai dengan data lapangan dan model evaluasi kultur SMA yang di-kembangkan layak digunakan.Kata kunci: pengembangan model, evaluasi, kultur sekolah______________________________________________________________DEVELOPING A MODEL OF AN EVALUATION OF THE SCHOOL CULTURE IN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOLSAbstract This study aims to: 1) identify the condition of the school culture in senior high schools (SHSs) at this moment; 2) develop a model of an evaluation of the school culture in SHSs; and 3) know the feasability of the developed model of the evaluation of the school culture in SHSs. This research was a research and development. This steps of the research and development were those proposed by Plomp, while the number of the try out subjects was established using Borg & Gall. The conclusions of the study are as follows 1) the condition of academic culture which is developing in SHSs consists of six cultural aspects, namely achievement and competition, discipline and efficiency, honesty and openness, reading habit, reward and punishment, and cooperation and togetherness; 2) the condition of social culture which is developing in SHSs consists of nine cultural aspects, namely honesty and openness, reward and punishment, cooperation and togetherness, mutual respect, cleanness, discipline and efficiency, friendliness/communicativeness, mutual trust, and nationalism spirit; 3) the result of the CFA shows that the evaluation model for the academic culture for the students is  relevant to the field. Teacher respondance shows that value of KMO is 0,655; 4) the result  of the social culture for students is relevant to the field. Teacher respondance shows that value of KMO is 0,682; 5) the effectiveness of the model of the evaluation of the school culture is judged as a good evaluation model.Keywords: model development, evaluation, school culture

scholarly journals iCROPM 2020: Crop Modeling for the Future

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Gerrit Hoogenboom ◽  
Eric Justes ◽  
Christoph Pradal ◽  
Marie Launay ◽  
Senthold Asseng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Model Development ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Crop Modeling ◽  
Great Opportunity ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Research Education ◽  
Crop Models ◽  
The Future ◽  
System Functioning ◽  
Development Evaluation

Abstract During the past decade, the interest in using crop models for research, education, extension, outreach and in the private sector has rapidly increased. The iCROPM 2020 Symposium entitled ‘Crop Modeling for the Future’, held in February 2020, therefore, provided a great opportunity for over 400 scientists from 50 different countries to exchange information on crop model development, evaluation with experimental data and implementation. A key outcome was the understanding that crop models simulate the dynamics of the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum. Thus, the models can be used for a quantitative and multi-criteria assessment of cropping system functioning, agronomic performance and environmental impact. This should result in more practical applications that can provide actionable information for stakeholders.

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