Characterization of Sulfur-Cured Styrene-Butadiene Copolymer Rubbers and Their Polybutadiene Blends

1970 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1332-1339 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Clark ◽  
R. A. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Disulfide ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Rubber Blends ◽  
Cast Films ◽  
Micro Structures ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

Abstract Dissolution of sulfur-cured, carbon black-loaded copolymers and their blends with cis-1,4-polybutadiene (PBD) are brought about by boiling with o-dichlorobenzene which contains a small amount of 2,2′-dibenzamidodiphenyl disulfide. The resulting slurries are subjected to a sequence of separations which include high-speed centrifugation to remove solids, and solvent precipitation followed by filtration to isolate the precipitates. The precipitates are washed with solvent to remove soluble organic materials followed by carbon disulfide washing to dissolve the polymers. Cast films of the polymers are obtained by evaporating the carbon disulfide washings onto sodium chloride discs. The infrared spectra of the cast films of these preparations are very similar to those of their respective polymers prior to loading and curing. Calculations for relative concentrations of bound styrene and PBD micro-structures permit nominal identification of the kinds of styrene-butadiene rubber and the amounts of cis-1,4-PBD used in a cured rubber formulation. Absorption bands used are near 3.35 μ for cis-1,4-PBD, 6.65 μ for bound styrene, 10.35 μ for trans-1,4-PBD; and 11.0 μ for vinyl-1,2-PBD. Efforts are being made to improve the data by using a grating infrared instrument and also to extend the calibrations to include other rubber blends.

scholarly journals Morphological and Chemical Characterization of Titanium and Zirconia Dental Implants with Different Macro- and Micro-Structure

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 7520
Author(s):  
Maria Menini ◽  
Francesco Pera ◽  
Francesco Bagnasco ◽  
Francesca Delucchi ◽  
Elisa Morganti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Sample Surface ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Good Care ◽  
Micro Structure ◽  
Chemical Residues ◽  
Micro Structures

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the macro- and micro-structure and the chemical composition of the surface of 5 different commercially available dental implants. Roughness values were also calculated. Materials and Methods: 1 zirconia implant (NobelPearl of Nobel Biocare) and 4 titanium implants, Syra (Sweden&Martina), Prama (Sweden&Martina), T3 (Biomet 3i), and Shard (Mech&Human), were analyzed through SEM-EDX analysis and quantitative evaluation of surface roughness (1 sample), and XPS chemical analysis (1 sample). Surface roughness was quantitatively assessed using the stereo-SEM method (SSEM). The following area roughness parameters were calculated, according to ISO25178: Sa, Sz, and Sdr. Results: From the SEM observations, all the implants analyzed presented modern well-developed micro-structures as the result of the specific process of double acid etching alone or combined with other additional treatments. Roughness values were generally greater at the level of the implant body and lower at the collar. The chemical characterization of the implant surfaces exhibited excellent results for all of the implants and indicated good care in the production processes. Conclusions: All the samples were well-conceived in terms of topography and surface roughness, and clean in terms of chemical residues.

Characterization of an integrated multibeam laser mask-pattern generation and dry etch processing total solution

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex H. Buxbaum ◽  
Melisa J. Buie ◽  
Brigitte C. Stoehr ◽  
Warren Montgomery ◽  
Scott E. Fuller
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Generation ◽  
Mask Pattern ◽  
Dry Etch

Synthesis, Growth Mechanism and Characterization of MnO(OH) Nano/Micro Structures

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. K. Pandey ◽  
A. K. Shahi ◽  
R. Gopal
Keyword(s):  
Growth Mechanism ◽  
Micro Structures

Characterization of AlGaN/GaN Cantilevers Fabricated with Deep-Release Techniques

2011 ◽  
Vol 483 ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
Jian An Lv ◽  
Zhen Chuan Yang ◽  
Gui Zheng Yan ◽  
Yong Cai ◽  
Bao Shun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Residual Stress Distribution ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Output Current ◽  
Micro Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Gan Hemt ◽  
Gan Hemts ◽  
Dry Etch ◽  
Mems Process

In this article, integrated AlGaN/GaN cantilevers on (111) silicon substrate are fabricated and characterized. The process started with AlGaN/GaN HEMTs fabrication followed by a series of dry-etch-only MEMS process. To characterize the residual stress distribution, Micro-Raman spectroscopy is used and the residual stress in suspended GaN cantilever is found ~ 90% lower after releasing. A type of micro-bending test is used to characterize the piezoresponse of AlGaN/GaN HEMT on the GaN cantilever. An output current modulation greater than 20% can be observed when the cantilever is vertically downward deflected ~ 30 µm.

Characterization of the Post Dry Etch Cleaning of the Silicon Surface Prior to Silicon Epitaxial Growth

1998 ◽  
Vol 65-66 ◽  
pp. 97-100
Author(s):  
Y.B. Kim ◽  
Matty Caymax ◽  
H. Bender ◽  
Serge Vanhaelemeersch
Keyword(s):  
Epitaxial Growth ◽  
Silicon Surface ◽  
Dry Etch

Synthesis and Photocatalytic Characterization of Porous Cuprous Oxide

2012 ◽  
Vol 554-556 ◽  
pp. 628-631
Author(s):  
Yun Na Dong ◽  
De Qing Chu ◽  
Li Min Wang
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Cuprous Oxide ◽  
Copper Chloride ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Solar Light Irradiation ◽  
High Uniformity ◽  
Micro Structures

Cuprous oxide (Cu2O) nanoparticals with high uniformity were prepared by the hydrothermal synthesis method using copper chloride and potassium chloride in the solvent of distilled water. Their micro- structures were characterized by using XRD, XPS and TEM techniques. The photocatalysis of the prepared samples were evaluated by the degradation of melthyl orange (MO) in aqueous solution under solar light irradiation. It can be found that Cu2O sample was highly efficient catalysts and the Catalytic degradation of the Cu2O nanoparticals for MO was not only due to the quality of Cu2O samples but also to the concentration of H2O2. The decoloring ratio for MO solution has reached 98.6% in 110min

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