Acoustic Rapid COTS Insertion: A Case Study in Modular Open Systems Approach for Spiral Development

This study replicated an earlier study conducted by Tarter and Hoy (2004) in which an open systems model was used to test a series of hypotheses that explained elements of school performance. Four internal system elements (structure, individual, culture, and politics) of the school were used to explain two sets of school outcomes (student achievement and teachers’ assessment of overall school effectiveness) in a sample of 110 Catholic elementary schools in one Northeastern city. Correlational and multiple regression analyses were used to test the relationships. The results of this study further confirmed the usefulness of this model in understanding the factors that contribute to quality in elementary schools.

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Agile elicitation of scalability requirements for open systems: A case study

Journal of Systems and Software ◽

10.1016/j.jss.2021.111064 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 111064

Author(s):

Gunnar Brataas ◽

Antonio Martini ◽

Geir Kjetil Hanssen ◽

Georg Ræder

Keyword(s):

Open Systems

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Cognitive risk culture and advanced roles of actors in risk governance: a case study

The Journal of Risk Finance ◽

10.1108/jrf-11-2017-0189 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 327-342 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ruchi Agarwal ◽

Sanjay Kallapur

Keyword(s):

Systems Thinking ◽

Systems Approach ◽

Risk Governance ◽

Research Approach ◽

Insurance Company ◽

Content Type ◽

Cognitive Risk ◽

Risk Culture ◽

The Uk

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore the best practices for improving risk culture and defining the role of actors in risk governance.Design/methodology/approachThis paper presents an exemplar case of a British insurance company by using a qualitative case research approach.FindingsThe case study shows how the company was successful in changing from a compliance-based and defensive risk culture to a cognitive risk culture by using a systems thinking approach. Cognitive risk culture ensures that everybody understands risks and their own roles in risk governance. The change was accomplished by adding an operational layer between the first and second lines of defense and developing tools to better communicate risks throughout the organization.Practical implicationsPractitioners can potentially improve risk governance by using the company’s approach. The UK regulator’s initiative to improve risk culture can potentially be followed by other regulators.Originality/valueThis is among the few studies that describe actual examples of how a company can improve risk culture using the systems approach and how systems thinking simultaneously resolves several other issues such as poor risk reporting and lack of clarity in roles and responsibilities.

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Systemic Design for Second-Order Effects

Form Akademisk - forskningstidsskrift for design og designdidaktikk ◽

10.7577/formakademisk.1690 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Evan Barba

Keyword(s):

Organizational Change ◽

Systems Approach ◽

Core Competency ◽

Second Order ◽

Order Effects ◽

Classroom Intervention ◽

Second Order Effects ◽

Design Skills ◽

Systemic Design

Second-order effects refer to changes within a system that are the result of changes made somewhere else in the system (the first-order effects). Second-order effects can occur at different spatial, temporal, or organizational scales from the original interventions, and are difficult to control. Some organizational theorists suggest that careful management of feedback processes can facilitate controlled change from one organizational configuration to another. Recognizing that skill in managing feedback processes is a core competency of design suggests that design skills are potentially useful tools in achieving organizational change. This paper describes a case study in which a co-design methodology was used to control the second-order effects resulting from a classroom intervention to create organizational change. This approach is then theorized as the Instigator Systems approach.

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Integrating Visualization into Structured Public Involvement: Case Study of Highway Improvement in Central Kentucky

Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board ◽

10.3141/1817-07 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 1817 (1) ◽

pp. 50-57 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Keiron Bailey ◽

Joel Brumm ◽

Ted Grossardt

Keyword(s):

User Satisfaction ◽

Public Involvement ◽

Systems Approach ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

State Highway ◽

Advanced Technologies ◽

Design Options ◽

State Highway Agencies

Public involvement in transportation infrastructure decision making is frequently mandated and is regarded as increasingly essential by a wide variety of stakeholders. The integration of advanced technologies, such as visualization, into this process is increasingly desired. However, public involvement processes often are regarded as problematic by many stakeholders and the state highway agencies charged with implementing them. Structured public involvement (SPI) is posited. SPI takes a systems approach toward the integration of advanced technologies into public involvement forums. Because the goal of public involvement is to increase user satisfaction with both the process and the outcomes, the characteristics of advanced technologies and their capacities for gathering useful feedback in public forums must be evaluated. Visualization is put forth as an enabling technology within an SPI framework. The properties, capacities, and transportation-related uses of three visualization modes are evaluated, and their operational features are discussed. A case study dealing with highway improvement in central Kentucky reveals that three-dimensional renderings are significantly preferred to twodimensional and virtual reality modes; the case study also shows that visualization should complement, not replace, other performance information. The role of electronic scoring as an integral component of this SPI protocol is emphasized, resulting in fast assessment and free expression of views. Factors affecting the efficiency of visualization are analyzed, and recommendations are presented for implementing SPI protocols that rely on visualization. These include investigating participants' previous experience with visualization, incorporating iterative public involvement in finalizing design options, and ensuring that the technologies are compatible with the chosen public involvement process.

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FLEXIBILITY VS. SPECIALISATION IN RO-RO SHIPPING IN THE SOUTH BALTIC SEA

Transport ◽

10.3846/16484142.2012.719544 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 250-262 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Johan Woxenius

Keyword(s):

Baltic Sea ◽

Transport System ◽

Open Systems ◽

The South ◽

Trade Off ◽

Short Sea Shipping ◽

Trade Offs ◽

Empirical Context ◽

Selection Of

The trade-off between flexibility and specialisation implies delicate tasks for transport system designers and marketing managers. The outcome of their efforts ranges from highly specialised solutions for a restricted number of users and types of cargoes to very open systems for common use adapted to accommodate a wide variety of transport demands. The purpose of this article is to adapt theories on openness and trade-offs, characterise a selection of flexible and specialised European short sea shipping concepts and analyse how substantial changes in the future character of the competition with road and rail can affect the development of ro-ro shipping in the South Baltic Sea. A matrix with commercial openness and technological openness on the axes is used for categorising sub-segments in the empirical context of the South Baltic Sea. Foreseeable changes in key cost and competition parameters until 2020 are taken into account in discussing potential scenarios. A plausible outcome for the ferry/ro-ro shipping segment is that a branch with slow services for unaccompanied freight will be diverted from the current homogenous market offerings. During the study, the Swedish Orient Line launched a service with these characteristics, which is analysed in a case study.

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