Seasonal Effect on the Flexibility Assessment of Electrical Demand

Continuous high resolution long term turbidity measurements along with continuous discharge measurements are now recognised as an appropriate technique for the estimation of in sewer total suspended solids (TSS) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) loads during storm events. In the combined system of the Ecully urban catchment (Lyon, France), this technique is implemented since 2003, with more than 200 storm events monitored. This paper presents a method for the estimation of the dry weather (DW) contribution to measured total TSS and COD event loads with special attention devoted to uncertainties assessment. The method accounts for the dynamics of both discharge and turbidity time series at two minutes time step. The study is based on 180 DW days monitored in 2007–2008. Three distinct classes of DW days were evidenced. Variability analysis and quantification showed that no seasonal effect and no trend over the year were detectable. The law of propagation of uncertainties is applicable for uncertainties estimation. The method has then been applied to all measured storm events. This study confirms the interest of long term continuous discharge and turbidity time series in sewer systems, especially in the perspective of wet weather quality modelling.

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Seasonal effect on chemical composition and biological activities of Sonoran propolis

Food Chemistry ◽

10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.08.086 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 131 (2) ◽

pp. 645-651 ◽

Cited By ~ 55

Author(s):

Dora Valencia ◽

Efrain Alday ◽

Ramon Robles-Zepeda ◽

Adriana Garibay-Escobar ◽

Juan C. Galvez-Ruiz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Seasonal Effect

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Magnetopause energy transfer dependence on the interplanetary magnetic field and the Earth's magnetic dipole axis orientation

Annales Geophysicae ◽

10.5194/angeo-30-515-2012 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 515-526 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

M. Palmroth ◽

R. C. Fear ◽

I. Honkonen

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Field ◽

Energy Transfer ◽

Interplanetary Magnetic Field ◽

Large Data ◽

Seasonal Effect ◽

Dipole Orientation ◽

Data Set ◽

Axis Orientation ◽

Simulation Results ◽

The Imf

Abstract. We examine the spatial variation of magnetospheric energy transfer using a global magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation (GUMICS-4) and a large data set of flux transfer events (FTEs) observed by the Cluster spacecraft. Our main purpose is to investigate whether it is possible to validate previous results on the spatial energy transfer variation from the GUMICS-4 simulation using the statistical occurrence of FTEs, which are manifestations of magnetospheric energy transfer. Previous simulation results have suggested that the energy transfer pattern at the magnetopause rotates according to the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) orientation, and here we investigate whether a similar rotation is seen in the locations at which FTE signatures are observed. We find that there is qualitative agreement between the simulation and observed statistics, as the peaks in both distributions rotate as a function of the IMF clock angle. However, it is necessary to take into account the modulation of the statistical distribution that is caused by a bias towards in situ FTE signatures being observed in the winter hemisphere (an effect that has previously been predicted and observed in this data set). Taking this seasonal effect into account, the FTE locations support the previous simulation results and confirm the earlier prediction that the energy transfers in the plane of the IMF. In addition, we investigate the effect of the dipole orientation (both the dipole tilt angle and its orientation in the plane perpendicular to the solar wind flow) on the energy transfer spatial distribution. We find that the energy transfer occurs mainly in the summer hemisphere, and that the dayside reconnection region is located asymmetrically about the subsolar position. Finally, we find that the energy transfer is 10% larger at equinox conditions than at solstice, contributing to the discussion concerning the semiannual variation of magnetospheric dynamics (known as "the Russell-McPherron effect").

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Seasonal effect of GnIH on gonadotrope functions in the pituitary of goldfish

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology ◽

10.1016/j.mce.2011.11.020 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 350 (1) ◽

pp. 53-60 ◽

Cited By ~ 73

Author(s):

M. Moussavi ◽

M. Wlasichuk ◽

J.P. Chang ◽

H.R. Habibi

Keyword(s):

Seasonal Effect

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Brain electrical traits of logical validity

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-87191-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Francisco Salto ◽

Carmen Requena ◽

Paula Álvarez-Merino ◽

Luís F. Antón-Toro ◽

Fernando Maestú

Keyword(s):

Prefrontal Cortex ◽

Reaction Time ◽

Medial Prefrontal Cortex ◽

Deductive Reasoning ◽

Significant Activity ◽

Temporal Window ◽

Logical Validity ◽

Electrical Demand ◽

Brain Processing ◽

Temporal Windows

AbstractNeuroscience has studied deductive reasoning over the last 20 years under the assumption that deductive inferences are not only de jure but also de facto distinct from other forms of inference. The objective of this research is to verify if logically valid deductions leave any cerebral electrical trait that is distinct from the trait left by non-valid deductions. 23 subjects with an average age of 20.35 years were registered with MEG and placed into a two conditions paradigm (100 trials for each condition) which each presented the exact same relational complexity (same variables and content) but had distinct logical complexity. Both conditions show the same electromagnetic components (P3, N4) in the early temporal window (250–525 ms) and P6 in the late temporal window (500–775 ms). The significant activity in both valid and invalid conditions is found in sensors from medial prefrontal regions, probably corresponding to the ACC or to the medial prefrontal cortex. The amplitude and intensity of valid deductions is significantly lower in both temporal windows (p = 0.0003). The reaction time was 54.37% slower in the valid condition. Validity leaves a minimal but measurable hypoactive electrical trait in brain processing. The minor electrical demand is attributable to the recursive and automatable character of valid deductions, suggesting a physical indicator of computational deductive properties. It is hypothesized that all valid deductions are recursive and hypoactive.

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Longitudinal sampling of external mucosae in farmed European seabass reveals the impact of water temperature on bacterial dynamics

ISME Communications ◽

10.1038/s43705-021-00019-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Daniela Rosado ◽

Raquel Xavier ◽

Jo Cable ◽

Ricardo Severino ◽

Pedro Tarroso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Environmental Factors ◽

Microbial Diversity ◽

Water Temperature ◽

Abiotic Factors ◽

Seasonal Effect ◽

Microbial Composition ◽

Surrounding Water ◽

European Seabass ◽

And Function ◽

The Impact

AbstractFish microbiota are intrinsically linked to health and fitness, but they are highly variable and influenced by both biotic and abiotic factors. Water temperature particularly limits bacterial adhesion and growth, impacting microbial diversity and bacterial infections on the skin and gills. Aquaculture is heavily affected by infectious diseases, especially in warmer months, and industry practices often promote stress and microbial dysbiosis, leading to an increased abundance of potentially pathogenic bacteria. In this regard, fish mucosa health is extremely important because it provides a primary barrier against pathogens. We used 16 rRNA V4 metataxonomics to characterize the skin and gill microbiota of the European seabass, Dicentrarchus labrax, and the surrounding water over 12 months, assessing the impact of water temperature on microbial diversity and function. We show that the microbiota of external mucosae are highly dynamic with consistent longitudinal trends in taxon diversity. Several potentially pathogenic genera (Aliivibrio, Photobacterium, Pseudomonas, and Vibrio) were highly abundant, showing complex interactions with other bacterial genera, some of which with recognized probiotic activity, and were also significantly impacted by changes in temperature. The surrounding water temperature influenced fish microbial composition, structure and function over time (days and months). Additionally, dysbiosis was more frequent in warmer months and during transitions between cold/warm months. We also detected a strong seasonal effect in the fish microbiota, which is likely to result from the compound action of several unmeasured environmental factors (e.g., pH, nutrient availability) beyond temperature. Our results highlight the importance of performing longitudinal studies to assess the impact of environmental factors on fish microbiotas.

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Strong earthquake activity influenced by solar flare intensity

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-3078 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Gerald Duma

Keyword(s):

Solar Flares ◽

Strong Earthquake ◽

Temporal Variations ◽

Seasonal Effect ◽

Earthquake Activity ◽

Strong Earthquakes ◽

International Service ◽

Earthquake Frequency ◽

Magnetic Index ◽

Magnetic Disturbances

Based on the comprehensive earthquake catalogue USGS ( HYPERLINK&#160; https://earthquake.usgs.gov) the paper demonstrates that strong earthquake activity, seismic events with M&#8805;6, exhibits a seasonal trend. This feature is the result of&#160; analyses of earthquake data for the N- and S- Earth Hemisphere in period 2010-2019. It can be shown also for single earthquake prone regions as well, like Japan, Eurasia, S-America.Any seasonal effect suggests an external influence. In that regard, one can think also of a solar-terrestrial effect, that is suggested already in several studies (e.g&#160; M.Tavares, A.Azevedo, 2011; D.A.E. Vares, M.A.Persinger,2014; G.Duma, 2019). This assumption leads to the question: Which dynamic process can cause a trigger effect for strong earthquakes in the Earth's lithosphere.In this study the intensity of solar flares and the resulting radiation, the solar wind, towards the Earth was taken into account. An appropriate parameter which has been regularity measured and reported for many decades and which reflects the intensity of solar radiation is the magnetic index Kp. It is measured at numerous geomagnetic observatories and describes the magnetic disturbances in nT within 3 hour intervals, respectively. Averages of all the measured 3-hour values are then published as Kp, therefore considered a planetary parameter (International Service of Geomagnetic Indices ISGI,France).The temporal variations of strong earthquake activity over 10 years and their energy release was compared with the above mentioned index Kp. Actually, a distinct correlation between the two quantities, Kp and earthquake frequency, resulted in cases of different regions as well as globally.&#160;Another essential result of the study is that maxima of Kp preceed those of earthquake activity by about 60 to 80 days in most cases. The mechanism has not yet been modeled satisfactorily.

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