scholarly journals Preserving Archaeological Remains in Situ Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites 14/1-4 edited by DavidGregory and HenningMatthiesen (Eds) with 108 Contributors 490 pp., many b&w and colour illustrations Maney Publishing, Suite 1C, Joseph's W

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 232-234
Author(s):  
Thijs J. Maarleveld
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Archaeological Remains ◽  
Conservation And Management

scholarly journals Lessons from Star Carr on the vulnerability of organic archaeological remains to environmental change

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (46) ◽  
pp. 12957-12962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsty High ◽  
Nicky Milner ◽  
Ian Panter ◽  
Beatrice Demarchi ◽  
Kirsty E. H. Penkman
Keyword(s):  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Archaeological Remains ◽  
Rapid Loss ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Archaeological Material ◽  
Exceptional Preservation ◽  
Environmental Materials ◽  
The Last Glacial ◽  
Organic Remains

Examples of wetland deposits can be found across the globe and are known for preserving organic archaeological and environmental remains that are vitally important to our understanding of past human–environment interactions. The Mesolithic site of Star Carr (Yorkshire, United Kingdom) represents one of the most influential archives of human response to the changing climate at the end of the last glacial in Northern Europe. A hallmark of the site since its discovery in 1948 has been the exceptional preservation of its organic remains. Disturbingly, recent excavations have suggested that the geochemistry of the site is no longer conducive to such remarkable survival of organic archaeological and environmental materials. Microcosm (laboratory-based) burial experiments have been undertaken, alongside analysis of artifacts excavated from the site, to assess the effect of these geochemical changes on the remaining archaeological material. By applying a suite of macroscopic and molecular analyses, we demonstrate that the geochemical changes at Star Carr are contributing to the inexorable and rapid loss of valuable archaeological and paleoenvironmental information. Our findings have global implications for other wetland sites, particularly archaeological sites preserved in situ.

scholarly journals Up Close and Personal: Feeling the Past at Urban Archaeological Sites

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 43-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy Ireland
Keyword(s):  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Colonial History ◽  
Archaeological Remains ◽  
Complex Matrix ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Personal Feeling ◽  
The City

In this article I focus on the emotional, sensory and aesthetic affordances of urban archaeological remains conserved in situ and explore what these ruins ‘do’ in the context of the layered urban fabric of the city. I am concerned with a particular category of archaeological remains: those that illustrate the colonial history of settler nations, exploring examples in Sydney and Montreal. Using Sara Ahmed’s concept of ‘affective economies’ – where emotions work to stick things together and align individuals with communities – I tease out some of the distinctive aspects of this particular form of social/emotional/material entanglement, that appears to create stable objects of memory and identity from a much more contingent and complex matrix of politics, social structures, and the more-than-human materiality of the city. I argue that an understanding of the affective qualities of ruins and archaeological traces, and of how people feel heritage and the past through aesthetic and sensuous experiences of materiality, authenticity, locality and identity, bring us closer to understanding how heritage works. 

scholarly journals Underwater Power Tools for In Situ Preservation, Cleaning and Consolidation of Submerged Archaeological Remains

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 676
Author(s):  
Emiliano Scalercio ◽  
Francesco Sangiovanni ◽  
Alessandro Gallo ◽  
Loris Barbieri
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Underwater Cultural Heritage ◽  
Correct Interpretation ◽  
Archaeological Remains ◽  
True Value ◽  
In Situ Preservation ◽  
Power Tools

In situ protection and conservation of the Underwater Cultural Heritage are now considered a primary choice by the scientific community to be preferred, when possible, over the practice of recovery. The conservation of the artefacts within their environmental context is essential in fact for a correct interpretation of archaeological presences and to preserve their true value intact for future generations. However, this is not an easy task because modern technological equipment is necessary to make the work carried out by underwater restorers and archaeologists faster and more efficient. To this end, the paper presents three innovative underwater power tools for the cleaning, conservation, and consolidation activities to be performed in submerged archaeological sites. The first one is an underwater cleaning brush tool for a soft cleaning of the underwater archaeological structures and artefacts; the second one is a multifunctional underwater hammer drill suitable to be used as a corer sampler, chisel, or drill; the last one is an injection tool specifically designed to dispense mortar underwater for consolidation techniques of submerged structures.

Detection of archaeological soils through portable VIS-NIR spectrometer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoon Jung Choi ◽  
Byoungrok Yu
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Spectral Features ◽  
Archaeological Remains ◽  
Spectral Measurements ◽  
R Value ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Surrounding Landscape

<p>Reflectance spectroscopy is widely used to rapidly and quantitatively determine soil properties. This study introduces a method to identify archaeological soils, which are soils influenced by ancient anthropogenic activities, from the surrounding landscape using a portable VIS-NIR reflectance spectrometer. To identify spectral features of archaeological soils, the method statistically calculates the difference between an archaeological soil spectrum and a non-archaeological soil spectrum. Such difference is quantified by an R-value. Any soil spectra with R-values larger than 1 are more likely to be anthropogenically-affected soils.</p><p>Previously, the method was successfully applied to several archaeological sites in Italy and Hungary showing clear differences between the archaeological and non-archaeological soils. In this study, we will investigate the R-values for soils from prehistoric settlement sites in Sintanjin, Korea, and compare these to the results from Italy and Hungary. Both in-situ and topsoil spectral measurements were gathered using a portable ASD spectrometer. In this site, soils from kitchen areas showed R-values between 2.5 and 4.2, while soils from graves ranged from 1 to 1.4. The results indicate that the R-values vary a lot depending on the type of archaeological remains and a more detailed investigation of the method to various archaeological remains is essential to improve the method. One of our interesting results is that the method can be applied to soil spectra gathered with low-resolution spectrometers which leads to the possibility of applying continuous 2D spectral imaging applications.</p>

THE ESSENTIAL CONTRIBUTION OF CAPTIVE SUMATRAN ELEPHANT IN ELEPHANT TRAINING CENTER, WAY KAMBAS NATIONAL PARK FOR WILDLIFE GENETICS CONSERVATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elly Lestari Rustiati ◽  
Priyambodo Priyambodo ◽  
Yanti Yulianti ◽  
Eko Agus Srihanto ◽  
Dian Neli Pratiwi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Training Center ◽  
Conservation Effort ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Wildlife Genetics ◽  
Way Kambas National Park ◽  
Human Conflict ◽  
Essential Contribution

Way Kambas National Park (WKNP) is home of five protected big mammals including sumatran elephants.  It shares its border with 22 of 37 villages surrounding the national park.  Understanding their existence in the wild is a priority, and  wildlife genetics is a crucially needed. Besides poaching and habitat fragmentation, wildlife-human conflict is one big issue.  Elephant Training Center (ETC) in WKNP is built for semi in-situ conservation effort on captive sumatran elephants that mainly have conflict histories with local people.  Participative observation and bio-molecular analysis were conducted to learn the importance of captive Sumatran elephant for conservation effort.  Through captive sumatran elephants, database and applicable methods are expected to be developed supporting the conservation of their population in the wild.  Participative observation and molecular identification was carried on captive sumatran elephants in ETC, WKNP under multiple year Terapan grant of Ministry of Research and Technology Higher Education, Indonesia. Gene sequence and cytological analyses showed that the captive sumatran elephants are closely related and tend to be domesticated.  Translocation among ETC to avoid inbreeding, and maintaining the captive sumatran elephant as natural as possible are highly recommended. Developing genetic database can be a reference for both captive and wild sumatran elephants.

Status Analysis of Linpan Protection in Land Consolidation of Chengdu Plain

2013 ◽  
Vol 357-360 ◽  
pp. 2118-2121
Author(s):  
Ling Li Jia ◽  
Heng Cui
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Land Consolidation ◽  
Architectural Style ◽  
Evaluation Standard ◽  
The Public ◽  
Chengdu Plain ◽  
Settlement Type ◽  
Comprehensive Development ◽  
Status Analysis

In the process of land consolidation in Chengdu Plain, Linpan protection is an important content. At present, some protection types of Linpan have been formed in Chengdu area, such as agriculture, rural tourism, special industry and settlement type and so on. Many protected modes were explored, such as the natural subsidies, in situ conservation, comprehensive development, off-site reconstruction, etc. But there are still some questions, do not pay attention to protect Linpan ecological pattern plate function transformation, the architectural style of hybrid, protection methods are not flexible, evaluation standard is not perfect, the public participation is not enough and other issues, these problems need to be continuously optimized and improved in the future.

Identification of domestic chicken bones in archaeological sites

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-200
Author(s):  
Hui Deng ◽  
Jun Li
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Chicken ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Archaeological Remains ◽  
Bone Morphology ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
Advance Research ◽  
Place Of Origin ◽  
Future Work

AbstractIn recent years, with the participation of genetics and other disciplines, the controversy on the origins of the domestic chicken has returned. As the resource of primary data, archaeology plays an extremely important role in this dispute. Taking an archaeological standpoint, this paper aims to establish a set of bone morphological identification standards for domestic chicken bones unearthed at archaeological remains, beginning with the bone morphology as the most basic but also the least studied aspect. By this set of standards, we reanalyze available chicken bone materials and relevant pictorial and textual materials for domestic chicken candidate samples as mentioned by previous scholars. The results show that no confirmed domestic chicken bones have been found in China’s early to mid-Holocene remains to date; meanwhile, there is no substantial archaeological evidence to support China as the earliest place of origin of domestic chicken. Future work seeking to advance research on the origin of the domestic chicken should first pay proper attention to the archaeological background; only continuing scientific analyses and exploration on the origin of domestic chicken based on scientific morphological identification will prove the most convincing methodology.

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