Profit, Accumulation, and Crisis in Capitalism: Long‐term Trends in the UK, US, Japan, and China, 1855–2018, by MinqiLi (Routledge, 2020), 154 pp.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynne Chester
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Trends ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Japan And China

11. The United Kingdom: Towards a Parting of the Ways

2020 ◽  
pp. 257-279
Author(s):  
Anand Menon ◽  
Luigi Scazzieri
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
History Of ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
The Uk

This chapter examines the history of the United Kingdom’s relationship with the European integration process. The chapter dissects the long-term trends in public opinion and the more contingent, short-term factors that led to the referendum vote to leave the European Union. The UK was a late joiner and therefore unable to shape the early institutional development of the EEC. British political parties and public opinion were always ambiguous about membership and increasingly Eurosceptic from the early 1990s. Yet the UK had a significant impact on the EU’s development, in the development of the single market programme and eastward enlargement. If Brexit goes through, Britain will nevertheless maintain relations with the EU in all policy areas from agriculture to energy and foreign policy. Europeanization will remain a useful theoretical tool to analyse EU–UK relations even if the UK leaves the Union.

scholarly journals Supplementary material to "Drivers for spatial, temporal and long-term trends in atmospheric ammonia and ammonium in the UK"

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuk S. Tang ◽  
Christine F. Braban ◽  
Ulrike Dragosits ◽  
Anthony J. Dore ◽  
Ivan Simmons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Ammonia ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Supplementary Material ◽  
The Uk

scholarly journals Evolving Conceptualisations of Internationalism in the UK Parliament: Collocation Analyses from the League to Brexit

2020 ◽  
pp. 199-219
Author(s):  
Pasi Ihalainen ◽  
Aleksi Sahala
Keyword(s):  
Political Action ◽  
League Of Nations ◽  
General View ◽  
Distant Reading ◽  
Semantic Fields ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Level Analysis

This chapter explores a historical distant reading strategy of British Parliamentary discourse. It uses historical collocation analyses of ‘internationalism’ and the ‘international’ in the British Hansard Corpus and a selection of Commons and Lords debates concerning British membership in international organisations as it relates to the League of Nations, United Nations, Council of Europe, EEC and Brexit. The collocates that were deemed to be politically significant are grouped in 13 loose semantic fields. This macro-level analysis of long-term trends of discourse is supplemented with an analysis of the said key debates in their historical contexts, including comparisons between the two Houses, and with additional micro-level analyses of contextualised individual speeches in which politicians defined ‘internationalism’ by using the concepts in political action. This provides one general view on the historical evolvement of the discourse on internationalism over the past hundred years.

scholarly journals A systematic assessment of drought termination in the United Kingdom

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Parry ◽  
R. L. Wilby ◽  
C. Prudhomme ◽  
P. J. Wood
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Systematic Assessment ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Resource Managers ◽  
Termination Phase ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Thames River

Abstract. Drought termination can be associated with dramatic transitions from drought to storms and flooding, and this is certainly true for recent events in the United Kingdom (UK). Attention devoted to these newsworthy and memorable events may be at the expense of drought terminations that proceed gradually and pose a different set of challenges for water resource managers. This paper defines drought termination as a phase of drought in its own right and makes the case for a more systematic approach to its identification and characterisation, applying an objective approach to detect drought terminations in observed river flow records for 52 catchments. The resulting archive of 459 drought terminations provides an unprecedented historical perspective on drought termination in the UK. Nationally- and regionally-coherent drought termination events are identifiable, although drought termination characteristics vary both between and within major episodes. Contrasting drought termination events in 1995--1998 and 2009--2012 are described in greater depth. The dataset is also used to assess potential linkages between metrics of drought termination characteristics and catchment properties. The duration of drought termination is moderately negatively correlated with elevation and catchment average rainfall, suggesting that wetter catchments in upland areas of the UK tend to experience shorter drought terminations. More urbanised catchments have a tendency for gradual drought terminations, contrary to perceptions of flashy hydrological response in these areas, although this may also be related to the type of catchments typical of lowland England. Potential linkages are found between both the duration and rate of drought termination and the duration of the preceding drought development phase, which may have important implications for water resources management during a drought. The dataset helps to place individual events within a long-term context. The drought termination phase in 2009--2012 was, at the time, regarded as exceptional in terms of magnitude and spatial footprint but the Thames river flow record reveals comparable events before 1930. Hence, the approach adopted and the chronologies of drought termination enable objective intercomparison of events. The dataset may in due course provide a basis for better understanding the drivers, long-term trends in occurrence and characteristics, and impacts of historical and contemporary drought termination events.

The Time Economy of Parenting

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Gray
Keyword(s):  
Time Use ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Work Hours ◽  
Parental Employment ◽  
Policy Debates ◽  
Childcare Time ◽  
Time Use Survey ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
The Uk

This paper explores how the UK Time Use Survey (UKTUS), together with the author's qualitative interviews and focus groups with London parents, can inform current policy debates about childcare and parental employment. It also refers to the international literature about long-term trends in parental childcare time. It addresses four key questions about time use and parenting, which have implications for theorisation of the ‘gender contract’ regarding childcare and for our understanding of the gendered distribution of time between care, work and leisure in two-parent families. How is total parenting time affected by parents’ work hours? How do the long work weeks of British fathers affect their capacity to share childcare with mothers? Would childcare time rise if work hours were more equally distributed between women and men? This invokes a discussion of how far childcare is really transferable between parents (or can be delegated to external carers); to what extent is it ‘work’ or a relational activity?

scholarly journals Drivers for spatial, temporal and long-term trends in atmospheric ammonia and ammonium in the UK

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuk S. Tang ◽  
Christine F. Braban ◽  
Ulrike Dragosits ◽  
Anthony J. Dore ◽  
Ivan Simmons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Atmospheric Ammonia ◽  
Remote Sites ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Particulate Ammonium

Abstract. A unique long-term dataset from the UK National Ammonia Monitoring Network (NAMN) is used here to assess spatial, seasonal and long-term variability in atmospheric ammonia (NH3: 1998–2014) and particulate ammonium (NH4+: 1999–2014) across the UK. Extensive spatial heterogeneity in NH3 concentrations is observed, with lowest annual mean concentrations at remote sites (

Sifting through the ASHE

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annalisa Cristini ◽  
Andrea Geraci ◽  
John Muellbauer
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Information Base ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Job Polarization ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Underlying Processes

This chapter presents an analysis of changing job and pay structures in the UK, constructing for this purpose a novel dataset covering each year from 1975 to 2015 linking different datasets and ensuring that key variables such as occupation are captured on as consistent a basis as possible. This provides the information base required to investigate job polarization in a much more disaggregated fashion than previously possible, allowing important distinctions to be made by gender, sector, and region, between full- versus part-time workers, and across birth-cohorts. The analyses are thus able to reveal the differing implications of long-term trends in job structures and pay for these different groups, and bring out what the varying patterns reveal about the underlying processes at work in the labour market.

scholarly journals Long-term trends in air quality in major cities in the UK and India: A view from space

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karn Vohra ◽  
Eloise A. Marais ◽  
Shannen Suckra ◽  
Louisa Kramer ◽  
William J. Bloss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Temporal Consistency ◽  
Ozone Monitoring Instrument ◽  
Beverage Industry ◽  
Household Products ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer ◽  
The Uk

Abstract. Air quality networks in cities are costly, inconsistent, and only monitor a few pollutants. Space-based instruments provide global coverage spanning more than a decade to determine trends in air quality and address deficiencies in surface networks. Here we target cities in the UK (London and Birmingham) and India (Delhi and Kanpur) and use observations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI), ammonia (NH3) from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI), formaldehyde (HCHO) from OMI as a proxy for non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs), and aerosol optical depth (AOD) from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) for PM2.5. We assess the skill of these products at reproducing monthly variability in surface concentrations of air pollutants where available. We find temporal consistency between column and surface NO2 in cities in the UK and India (R = 0.5–0.7) and NH3 at two of three UK supersites (R = 0.5–0.7), but not between AOD and surface PM2.5 (R  = 0.8) and reproduces significant decline in surface PM2.5 in London (2.7 % a−1) and Birmingham (3.7 % a−1) since 2009. We derive long-term trends in the four cities for 2005–2018 from OMI and MODIS and for 2008–2018 from IASI. Concentrations of all pollutants increase in Delhi, suggesting no air quality improvements there, despite rollout of controls on industrial and transport sectors. Kanpur experiences a significant and substantial (3.1 % a−1) increase in PM2.5. Concentrations of NO2, NH3 and PM2.5 decline in London and Birmingham likely due in large part to emissions controls on vehicles. Trends are significant only for NO2 and PM2.5. Reactive NMVOCs decline in Birmingham, but the trend is not significant, and there is a recent (2012–2018) steep (> 9 % a−1) increase in reactive NMVOCs in London. This may reflect increased contribution of oxygenated VOCs from household products, the food and beverage industry, and domestic wood burning, with implications for formation of ozone in a VOC-limited city.

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