scholarly journals Genetic and environmental risk factors in the non‐medical use of over‐the‐counter or prescribed analgesics, and their relationship to major classes of licit and illicit substance use and misuse in a population‐based sample of young adult twins

Addiction ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 114 (12) ◽  
pp. 2229-2240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan A. Gillespie ◽  
Timothy C. Bates ◽  
Ian B. Hickie ◽  
Sarah E. Medland ◽  
Brad Verhulst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Illicit Substance ◽  
Illicit Substance Use ◽  
Adult Twins

scholarly journals Genetic and Environmental Risk Factors for Illicit Substance Use and Use Disorders: Joint Analysis of Self and Co-twin Ratings

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eivind Ystrom ◽  
Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud ◽  
Michael C. Neale ◽  
Kenneth S. Kendler
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Illicit Substance ◽  
Illicit Substance Use

scholarly journals Genetic and Environmental Risk Factors for Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Stroke ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 32 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 321-321
Author(s):  
Daniel Woo ◽  
Laura Sauerbeck ◽  
Brett M Kissela ◽  
Jane C Khoury ◽  
Rakesh Shukla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Degree Relative ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Apo E ◽  
Apo E Genotype

27 Introduction: We report a planned midpoint analysis of a prospective, population-based, case-control study of the genetic and environmental risk factors of spontaneous, non-traumatic, intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Methods: Cases were matched to two controls by age, race and gender. Data was obtained by direct interview and review of all available medical and neuroimaging data. Apolipoprotein E (Apo E)genotype was determined by polymerase chain reaction. Multivariable analyses were performed using logistic regression modeling. Results: Between 6/97 and 2/00, 189 cases of ICH (150 white/39 black; 68 lobar/121 non-lobar) and 368 controls were enrolled into the study. Independent risk factors for multivariable analysis are listed in the table. Only prior stroke was an independent risk factor for both lobar and non-lobar ICH. Conclusions: The importance of individual genetic and environmental risk factors for ICH vary substantially by location of ICH. A history of a first-degree relative with ICH was associated with an increased risk of lobar ICH, independent of Apo E genotype. This finding indicates that other genetic risk factors may be important in the development of ICH.

Major depression and phobias: the genetic and environmental sources of comorbidity

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth S. Kendler ◽  
Michael C. Neale ◽  
Ronald C. Kessler ◽  
Andrew C. Heath ◽  
Lindon J. Eaves
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Social Phobia ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
The Other ◽  
Genetic Vulnerability ◽  
Animal Phobias ◽  
Shared Genetic

SynopsisIn a population based sample of 2163 personally interviewed female twins, substantial comorbidity was observed between DSM-III-R defined major depression (MD) and 4 subtypes of phobia: agoraphobia, social phobia, animal phobia and situational phobia. However, the level of comorbidity of MD with agoraphobia was much greater than that found with the other phobic subtypes. We conducted bivariate twin analyses to decompose the genetic and environmental sources of comorbidity between MD and the phobias. Our results suggest that a modest proportion of the genetic vulnerability to MD also influences the risk for all phobic subtypes, with the possible exception of situational phobias. Furthermore, the magnitude of comorbidity resulting from this shared genetic vulnerability is similar across the phobic subtypes. By contrast, the non-familial environmental experiences which predispose to depression substantially increase the vulnerability to agoraphobia, have a modest impact on the risk for social and situational phobias and no effect on the risk for animal phobias. The increased comorbidity between MD and agoraphobia results, nearly entirely, from individual-specific environmental risk factors for MD which also increase the risk for agoraphobia but not for other phobias.

The Chinese National Twin Registry: An Update

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liming Li ◽  
Wenjing Gao ◽  
Canqing Yu ◽  
Jun Lv ◽  
Weihua Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Twin Registry ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Discordant Twin

The Chinese National Twin Registry (CNTR), established in 2001, is the first and largest population-based twin registry in China. Based on the CNTR, a new twin cohort was recruited from 2011 to study the relationship between environmental risk factors and chronic diseases. So far, 33,874 twin pairs from nine provinces have been recruited, in which hundreds of disease-discordant twin pairs and even thousands of exposure-discordant twin pairs were found in this cohort. The updates of the CNTR will be introduced in detail in this article.

Genetic and environmental risk factors in adolescent substance use

2003 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 664-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy Silberg ◽  
Michael Rutter ◽  
Brian D'Onofrio ◽  
Lindon Eaves
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Adolescent Substance Use ◽  
Adolescent Substance

Incidence of hand eczema in a population-based twin cohort: genetic and environmental risk factors

2007 ◽  
Vol 157 (3) ◽  
pp. 552-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lerbaek ◽  
K.O. Kyvik ◽  
H. Ravn ◽  
T. Menné ◽  
T. Agner
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Hand Eczema ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors

scholarly journals Genetic and Environmental Contributions to the Relationship Between Internalizing Disorders and Sick Leave Granted for Mental and Somatic Disorders

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 225-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fartein A. Torvik ◽  
Line C. Gjerde ◽  
Espen Røysamb ◽  
Kristian Tambs ◽  
Kenneth S. Kendler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Sick Leave ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Monozygotic Twins ◽  
Internalizing Disorders ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Somatic Disorders ◽  
Adult Twins ◽  
The Relationship

This study investigates the degree to which internalizing disorders (anxiety and mood disorders) are prospectively associated with sick leave granted for mental and somatic disorders, and the extent to which common genetic and environmental risk factors influence these relationships. Data include self-reported symptoms of psychological distress from 7,598 young adult twins and diagnostic interviews on a subsample of 2,766 adult twins, subsequently linked to registry data on sick leave. Regression analyses and multivariate twin models were used to investigate the relationship between internalizing disorders and sick leave. Internalizing disorders were associated with sick leave granted for both mental disorders and somatic disorders. The association between internalizing disorders and sick leave granted for mental disorders was influenced by genetic and non-shared environmental factors, while the association between internalizing disorders and sick leave granted for somatic disorders could be explained by common genetic factors alone. Monozygotic twins discordant for internalizing disorders differed significantly in rates of sick leave granted for mental but not somatic disorders. In conclusion, internalizing disorders in young adults predict sick leave granted for both mental and somatic disorders. Environmental risk factors for internalizing disorders seem to influence sick leave granted for mental disorders, but not sick leave granted for somatic disorders.

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