Associations of maternal immune response with MeHg exposure at 28 weeks’ gestation in the Seychelles Child Development Study

ABSTRACT Background Fish is a primary source of protein and n-3 PUFA but also contains methylmercury (MeHg), a naturally occurring neurotoxicant to which, at sufficient exposure levels, the developing fetal brain is particularly sensitive. Objectives To examine the association between prenatal MeHg and maternal status of n-3 and n-6 PUFA with neurodevelopment, and to determine whether PUFA might modify prenatal MeHg associations with neurodevelopment. Methods We examined the Seychelles Child Development Study Nutrition Cohort 2 (NC2) at age 7 y. We used a sophisticated and extensive neurodevelopmental test battery that addressed 17 specific outcomes in multiple neurodevelopmental domains: cognition, executive and psychomotor function, language development, behavior, scholastic achievement, and social communication. Analyses were undertaken on 1237 mother-child pairs with complete covariate data (after exclusions) and a measure of at least 1 outcome. We examined the main and interactive associations of prenatal MeHg exposure (measured as maternal hair mercury) and prenatal PUFA status (measured in maternal serum at 28 weeks’ gestation) on child neurodevelopmental outcomes using linear regression models. We applied the Bonferroni correction to account for multiple comparisons and considered P values <0.0029 to be statistically significant. Results Prenatal MeHg exposure and maternal DHA and arachidonic acid (20:4n-6) (AA) status were not significantly associated with any neurodevelopmental outcomes. Findings for 4 outcomes encompassing executive function, cognition, and linguistic skills suggested better performance with an increasing maternal n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio (P values ranging from 0.004 to 0.05), but none of these associations were significant after adjusting for multiple comparisons. No significant interaction between MeHg exposure and PUFA status was present. Conclusions Our findings do not support an association between prenatal MeHg exposure or maternal DHA and AA status with neurodevelopmental outcomes at age 7 y. The roles of n-6 and n-3 PUFA in child neurodevelopment need further research.

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NLRP7 Promotes Choriocarcinoma Growth and Progression through the Establishment of an Immunosuppressive Microenvironment

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers13122999 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (12) ◽

pp. 2999

Author(s):

Deborah Reynaud ◽

Roland Abi Nahed ◽

Nicolas Lemaitre ◽

Pierre-Adrien Bolze ◽

Wael Traboulsi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Tumor Cells ◽

Major Gene ◽

Critical Role ◽

Orthotopic Model ◽

Independent Manner ◽

Maternal Immune Response ◽

The Impact

The inflammatory gene NLRP7 is the major gene responsible for recurrent complete hydatidiform moles (CHM), an abnormal pregnancy that can develop into gestational choriocarcinoma (CC). However, the role of NLRP7 in the development and immune tolerance of CC has not been investigated. Three approaches were employed to define the role of NLRP7 in CC development: (i) a clinical study that analyzed human placenta and sera collected from women with normal pregnancies, CHM or CC; (ii) an in vitro study that investigated the impact of NLRP7 knockdown on tumor growth and organization; and (iii) an in vivo study that used two CC mouse models, including an orthotopic model. NLRP7 and circulating inflammatory cytokines were upregulated in tumor cells and in CHM and CC. In tumor cells, NLRP7 functions in an inflammasome-independent manner and promoted their proliferation and 3D organization. Gravid mice placentas injected with CC cells invalidated for NLRP7, exhibited higher maternal immune response, developed smaller tumors, and displayed less metastases. Our data characterized the critical role of NLRP7 in CC and provided evidence of its contribution to the development of an immunosuppressive maternal microenvironment that not only downregulates the maternal immune response but also fosters the growth and progression of CC.

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The politics of the excluded: abjection and reconciliation amongst the British precariat

The Journal of Chinese Sociology ◽

10.1186/s40711-020-00134-7 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mike Savage ◽

Cynthia Meersohn Schmidt

Keyword(s):

Child Development ◽

Cultural Capital ◽

Representative Sample ◽

Qualitative Data ◽

Social Identities ◽

Popular Politics ◽

Development Study ◽

National Child Development Study ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

Contemporary Britain

AbstractIn this paper, we use a powerful empirical resource to address what the popular politics of disadvantage might entail in contemporary Britain. We take advantage of the unusually rich qualitative data from the British National Child Development Study, a cohort of Britons born in 1 week in 1958, to focus specifically on the accounts of those who are particularly disadvantaged. By concentrating on these a small number of qualitative accounts, which have been rigorously selected from the wider nationally representative sample on the basis of their relatively small amounts of economic and cultural capital, we will explore in detail the accounts and identities of these disadvantaged Britons with a view to explicating their political frameworks, their social identities and more broadly their orientations towards mobilisation.

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A review of child health in the 1958 birth cohort: National Child Development Study

Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology ◽

10.1111/j.1365-3016.1992.tb00748.x ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 81-110 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Chris Power

Keyword(s):

Child Development ◽

Child Health ◽

Birth Cohort ◽

Development Study ◽

National Child Development Study

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Postnatal exposure to methyl mercury from fish consumption: A review and new data from the Seychelles Child Development Study

NeuroToxicology ◽

10.1016/j.neuro.2009.01.005 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 338-349 ◽

Cited By ~ 79

Author(s):

Gary J. Myers ◽

Sally W. Thurston ◽

Alexander T. Pearson ◽

Philip W. Davidson ◽

Christopher Cox ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Child Development ◽

Fish Consumption ◽

Methyl Mercury ◽

Postnatal Exposure ◽

Development Study

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Последствия школьной травли для ее участников

Психология Журнал Высшей школы экономики ◽

10.17323/1813-8918-2021-2-393-409 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 393-409

Author(s):

А.А. Бочавер

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Child Development ◽

Birth Cohort ◽

Birth Cohort Study ◽

Development Study ◽

National Child Development Study ◽

Great Smoky Mountain

Статья посвящена краткосрочным и отдаленным последствиям, которые может оказывать опыт участия в школьном буллинге на различные аспекты благополучия вырастающих школьников в дальнейшем. Приводятся данные междисциплинарных лонгитюдных исследований (в первую очередь, British National Child Development Study, The Great Smoky Mountain Study, Finnish 1981 Birth Cohort Study и др.), метаанализов, а также «поперечных срезов», в которых анализируются последствия ситуаций школьного буллинга. Показано, что буллинг в школе вносит вклад в повышение рисков самоповреждающего и суицидального поведения, психосоматических проблем, употребления психоактивных веществ, криминализации и др., причем многое касается не только тех, кто оказывался в роли жертвы буллинга, но и тех, кто играл роль агрессивной жертвы или агрессора в буллинг-ситуациях. Вовлеченность в ситуацию буллинга негативно отражается в перспективе на физическом и психическом здоровье, реализуемой образовательной траектории и вовлеченности в учебу, дружеских и супружеских отношениях, успешности трудоустройства, финансовом благополучии выросших школьников. Спектр негативных последствий буллинга чрезвычайно широк и должен учитываться в проектировании антибуллинговых программ. В то же время налицо недостаток исследований последствий буллинга для детей, которые присутствовали в ситуациях буллинга в роли свидетелей: некоторые данные указывают на то, что такой опыт тоже может иметь негативные последствия для социализации, однако эти представления нуждаются в дальнейшем изучении. Наконец, рассматриваются основные направления и выигрыши от внедрения системы профилактики и прекращения буллинга в образовательных учреждениях.

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