scholarly journals Should the United States employ free market practices to solve the hidden public health crisis of chronic kidney disease?

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1217-1218
Author(s):  
Richard N. Formica ◽  
John S. Gill
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Free Market ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Public Health Crisis ◽  
Market Practices

scholarly journals Opioid abuse in children: an emerging public health crisis in the United States!

2017 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 562-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veerajalandhar Allareddy ◽  
Sankeerth Rampa ◽  
Veerasathpurush Allareddy
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Opioid Abuse ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Public Health Crisis

scholarly journals Public health strategies to combat opioid epidemic in the United States: A systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Balidemaj
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
The United States ◽  
Opioid Abuse ◽  
Opioid Epidemic ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Public Health Crisis ◽  
Opioid Crisis ◽  
Public Health Strategies

Abstract Background The opioid epidemic in the United States is a national public health crisis. Driven by an increase in availability of pharmaceutical opioids and by an increase in their consumption, specifically, for pain treatment, more so in the past twenty years, it has led to an economic cost of prescription opioid abuse, overdose, and dependence in the United States estimated to be 78.5 billion USD. The purpose of this systematic review was to identify and evaluate public health strategies that contribute towards combatting the opioid crisis. Methods Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist, a search was conducted of the PubMed database for articles in English language that analyzed the most effective ways to regulate health markets to decrease the opioid crisis in the United States. Results The initial search yielded 2397 titles, of which 15 full-text articles were ultimately selected for inclusion in this systematic review. The review identified four categories in overcoming this epidemic nationwide, including required improvement in patient utilization of and access to safe and effective treatment options for opioid abuse and overdose, addressing the stigma correlated with opioid use, considering appropriate use of abuse deterrent formulations (ADF) along with patient education, and improving prescribing practices via utilization of drug monitoring programs, CDC opioid prescribing guidelines and provider continuing education. Conclusions Attempts to combat the opioid epidemic have been made, and the state and federal governments have only recently started to understand the magnitude of the seriousness of this public health crisis. While the methods with promising improvement of the situation have been identified, implementing them has shown to be a challenge. Continued application is needed, while considering possible new steps that could help reinforce their utilization further. Key messages Attempts to combat the opioid epidemic have been made, and the state and federal governments have only recently started to understand the magnitude of the seriousness of this public health crisis. The methods with promising improvement of the opioid crisis situation have been identified, however utilizing and implementing the existing public health strategies has shown to be a challenge.

scholarly journals Declaring Racism a Public Health Crisis in the United States: Cure, Poison, or Both?

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilliann Paine ◽  
Patanjali de la Rocha ◽  
Antonia P. Eyssallenne ◽  
Courtni Alexis Andrews ◽  
Leanne Loo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Structural Change ◽  
Health Equity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Systematic Change ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Public Health Crisis ◽  
Diversity And Inclusion ◽  
Community Organizers

Declaring racism a public health crisis has the potential to shepherd meaningful anti-racism policy forward and bridge long standing divisions between policy-makers, community organizers, healers, and public health practitioners. At their best, the declarations are a first step to address long standing inaction in the face of need. At their worst, the declarations poison or sedate grassroots momentum toward anti-racism structural change by delivering politicians unearned publicity and slowing progress on health equity. Declaring racism as a public health crisis is a tool that must be used with clarity and caution in order to maximize impact. Key to holding public institutions accountable for creating declarations is the direct involvement of Black and Indigenous People of Color (BIPOC) led groups and organizers. Sharing power, centering their voices and working in tandem, these collaborations ensure that declarations push for change from the lens of those most impacted and authentically engage with the demands of communities and their legacies. Superficial diversity and inclusion efforts that bring BIPOC people and organizers into the conversation and then fail to implement their ideas repeat historical patterns of harm, stall momentum for structural change at best, and poison the strategy at worst. In this paper we will examine three declarations in the United States and analyze them utilizing evaluative criteria aligned with health equity and anti-racism practices. Finally, we offer recommendations to inform anti-racist public health work for meaningful systematic change toward decentralization and empowerment of communities in their health futures.

scholarly journals Chronic Kidney Disease in Ecuador: An Epidemiological and Health System Analysis of an Emerging Public Health Crisis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Torres ◽  
Rachel Sippy ◽  
Kevin Louis Bardosh ◽  
Ramya Bhargava ◽  
Martín Lotto-Batista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Public Health Crisis ◽  
Number Of Patients

AbstractBackgroundThe absence of a chronic kidney disease (CKD) registry in Ecuador makes it difficult to assess the burden of disease, but there is an anticipated increase in the incidence of end-stage kidney disease along with increasing diabetes, hypertension and population age. From 2008, augmented funding for renal replacement treatment expanded dialysis clinics and patient coverage.MethodsWe conducted 73 in-depth interviews with healthcare providers in eight provinces. Findings were analyzed using qualitative methods and triangulated with quantitative data on patients with CKD diagnoses from six national-level databases between 2015 and 2018. We also reviewed grey and scientific literature on CKD and health systems in Ecuador.ResultsDatasets show a total of 17 484 dialysis patients in 2018, or 567 patients per million population (pmp), with an annual cost exceeding 11% of Ecuador’s public health budget. Each year, there were 139—162 pmp new dialysis patients, while doctors report waiting lists. The number of patients on peritoneal dialysis was stable; those on hemodialysis increased over time. Only 13 of 24 provinces have dialysis services, and nephrologists are in major cities, which limits access, delays medical attention, and adds a travel burden on patients. Prevention and screening programs are scarce, while hospitalization is an important reality of CKD patients.ConclusionCKD is an emerging public health crisis that has increased dramatically over the last decade in Ecuador and is expected to continue, making coverage for all patients impossible and the current structure, unsustainable. A patient registry would permit to estimate the demand and progression of patients with consideration for comorbidities, requirements and costs, and mortality, and identify where to focus prevention efforts. Health policy should clearly state CKD definitions and required patient data, including cause, disease stage and follow-up statistics. Organized monitoring of patients would benefit from improvements in patient referral.

Physician Autonomy and the Opioid Crisis

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Guevremont ◽  
Mark Barnes ◽  
Claudia E. Haupt
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Opioid Epidemic ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Physician Autonomy ◽  
Public Health Crisis ◽  
Opioid Crisis ◽  
Physician Relationship ◽  
Regulatory Regimes

The scope and severity of the opioid epidemic in the United States has prompted significant legislative intrusion into the patient-physician relationship. These proscriptive regulatory regimes mirror earlier legislation in other politically-charged domains like abortion and gun regulation. We draw on lessons from those contexts to argue that states should consider integrating their responses to the epidemic with existing medical regulatory structures, making physicians partners rather than adversaries in addressing this public health crisis.

scholarly journals The state of naloxone: Access amid a public health crisis

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 239920261984763
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Fudin ◽  
Amelia L Persico ◽  
Jeffrey J Bettinger ◽  
Erica L Wegrzyn
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Opioid Agonist ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Public Health Crisis ◽  
Risk Patients

Over the past decade, opioid use has been at the forefront of a public health crisis throughout the United States. In response to the tremendous negative societal, personal, and economic impacts that the growing opioid crisis has caused, several governmental agencies began to respond. These efforts include declaration of a nationwide public health emergency, increased public health surveillance of the epidemic, research support for pain and addiction, and increased access to overdose-reversing drugs such as naloxone. Naloxone access, in particular, has become a priority. In the United States, pharmacists have had the opportunity to play a crucial role in promoting access to naloxone. Since initial approval by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1971 as an antidote to opioid agonist overdose, naloxone access has evolved significantly. Today many states have authorized standing orders for naloxone, allowing it to be dispensed by pharmacists without a patient-specific prescription, and all 50 states and the District of Columbia allow medical providers to prescribe take-home naloxone to at-risk patients. While the opioid epidemic itself remains a contentious topic of political, ethical, and medical debate, it is widely acknowledged that mitigation strategies that could lessen morbidity and mortality are essential. Improved access to naloxone is one such strategy which remains at the forefront during this public health crisis.

scholarly journals Quantifying the persisting orphan-drug shortage public health crisis in the United States

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1269473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Szymon Jarosławski ◽  
Chiraz Azaiez ◽  
Daria Korchagina ◽  
Mondher Toumi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Orphan Drug ◽  
The United States ◽  
Drug Shortage ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Public Health Crisis

scholarly journals Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and HIV Spotlight the United States Imperative for Permanent Affordable Housing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise D Riley ◽  
Matthew D Hickey ◽  
Elizabeth Imbert ◽  
Angelo A Clemenzi-Allen ◽  
Monica Gandhi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Job Loss ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Public Health Crisis ◽  
Hiv Epidemic ◽  
The Many

Abstract Job loss and evictions tied to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic are expected to increase homelessness significantly in the coming months. Reciprocally, homelessness and the many vulnerabilities that inevitably accompany it are driving COVID-19 outbreaks in US shelters and other congregate living situations. Unless we intervene to address homelessness, these co-existing and synergistic situations will make the current public health crisis even worse. Preventing homelessness and providing permanent affordable housing has reduced the ravages of the HIV epidemic. We must take the lessons learned in 40 years of fighting HIV to respond effectively to the COVID-19 crisis. Housing is an investment that will curb the spread of COVID-19 and help protect all of us from future pandemics.

scholarly journals Premature Deaths of Young Black Males in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon D. Jones-Eversley ◽  
Johnny Rice ◽  
A. Christson Adedoyin ◽  
Lori James-Townes
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Black Males ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Public Health Crisis ◽  
Premature Deaths ◽  
Young Black Males

In the United States, generations of young Black males, ages 15 to 24 years, are prematurely dying from homicide and suicide. Between 1950 and 2010, the average death rate for young Black males due to homicide was 81.7 per 100,000 and suicide was 11.8 per 100,000. Ages 15 to 24 years are the intersecting developmental stages of adolescence and young adulthood when premature death should not be expected. The trauma and ceased procreation prospects stemming from Black males’ premature deaths represent a public health crisis in America. Heightened public health approaches are needed to bring attention to a young racial-gender group that is dying five to six decades prior to their life expectancy. The mass suicide-homicide killings, premature deaths, and death disparities among young Black males, ages 15 to 24, in the United States is not a paranoid propaganda. It is undeniably a disturbing public health crisis that requires an urgent national response to reverse and ultimately eradicate the premature death of young Black males.

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