scholarly journals Chlamydia trachomatis , Bordetella pertussis and other respiratory bacteria in the aetiology of lower respiratory tract infections in young infants

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-174
Author(s):  
Minna Honkila ◽  
Venla Kallinen ◽  
Marjo Renko ◽  
Jaana Kauppila ◽  
Tytti Pokka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Bordetella Pertussis ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
Tract Infections

scholarly journals Chlamydia trachomatis during pregnancy and childhood asthma-related morbidity: a population-based prospective cohort

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 1901829
Author(s):  
Evelien R. van Meel ◽  
Marina Attanasi ◽  
Vincent W.V. Jaddoe ◽  
Irwin K.M. Reiss ◽  
Henriëtte A. Moll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Tract Infections

IntroductionChlamydia trachomatis is the most commonly reported sexually transmitted disease and although infection during pregnancy is associated with neonatal complications, long-term respiratory consequences are unknown. We aimed to determine whether C. trachomatis infection during pregnancy is associated with asthma-related symptoms across childhoodMethodsThis study among 2475 children and their mothers was embedded in a population-based prospective cohort study. Maternal urine samples were tested for C. trachomatis infection during pregnancy. Questionnaires provided information on childhood physician-attended lower respiratory tract infections and wheezing, and current asthma at age 10 years. Lung function was measured by spirometry at age 10 years.ResultsThe prevalence of C. trachomatis infection during pregnancy was 3.2% (78 out of 2475). C. trachomatis infection during pregnancy was not associated with lower respiratory tract infections until age 6 years, but was associated with a higher odds of wheezing in children until age 10 years (OR 1.50 (95% CI 1.10–2.03)). C. trachomatis infection during pregnancy was associated with an increased odds of asthma (OR 2.29 (95% CI 1.02–5.13)), and with a lower forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity and forced expiratory flow at 75% of forced vital capacity (z-score difference −0.28 (95% CI −0.52– −0.04) and −0.24 (95% CI −0.46– −0.01), respectively) in children at age 10 years. The observed associations were only partly explained by mode of delivery, gestational age at birth or birthweight.ConclusionsC. trachomatis infection during pregnancy is associated with increased odds of wheezing, asthma and impaired lung function. The causality of the observed associations and potential underlying mechanisms need to be explored.

scholarly journals Nasopharyngeal Dysbiosis Precedes the Development of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Young Infants: a longitudinal infant cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rotem Lapidot ◽  
Tyler Faits ◽  
Arshad Ismail ◽  
Mushal Allam ◽  
Zamantungwak T.H Khumalo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
Causal Pathway ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Infants suffering from lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) have distinct nasopharyngeal (NP) microbiome profiles that correlate with severity of disease. Whether these profiles precede the infection or a consequence of it, is unknown. In order to answer this question, longitudinal studies are needed. Methods: We conducted an analysis of a longitudinal prospective cohort study of 1,981 Zambian mother-infant pairs who underwent NP sampling from 1-week through 14-weeks of age at 2-3-week intervals. Ten of the infants in the cohort developed LRTI and were matched 3:1 with healthy comparators. We completed 16S rRNA gene sequencing on the samples each of these infants contributed, as well as from baseline samples of the infants’ mothers, and characterized the normal maturation of the healthy infant NP microbiome, compared to infants who developed LRTI.Results: The infant NP microbiome maturation was characterized by transitioning from Staphylococcus dominant to respiratory-genera dominant profiles during the first three months of life, similar to what is described in the literature. Interestingly, infants who developed LRTI had NP dysbiosis before infection, in most cases as early as the first week of life. Dysbiosis was characterized by the presence of Novosphingobium,Delftia, high relative abundance of Anaerobacillus, Bacillus, and low relative abundance of Dolosigranulum, compared to the healthy controls. Mothers of infants with LRTI also had low relative abundance of Dolosigranulum in their baseline samples compared to mothers of infants that did not develop an LRTI.Conclusions: Our results suggest that NP microbiome dysbiosis precedes LRTI in young infants and may be present in their mothers as well. Early dysbiosis may play a role in the causal pathway leading to LRTI or could be a marker of other pathogenic forces that directly lead to LRTI.Funding: This work was supported by The Southern Africa Mother Infant Pertussis Study – Nasopharyngeal Carriage (SAMIPS-NPC). PI Gill. Funder NIH/NIAID (1R01AI133080). WEJ and TF were supported by funds from the NIH, U01CA220413 and R01GM127430.

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