Silvicultural treatments for converting loblolly pine to longleaf pine dominance: effects on ground layer and midstorey vegetation

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huifeng Hu ◽  
Benjamin O. Knapp ◽  
G. Geoff Wang ◽  
Joan L. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Longleaf Pine ◽  
Ground Layer ◽  
Silvicultural Treatments

scholarly journals Hurricane Katrina Winds Damaged Longleaf Pine Less than Loblolly Pine

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 178-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt H. Johnsen ◽  
John R. Butnor ◽  
John S. Kush ◽  
Ron C. Schmidtling ◽  
C. Dana Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Hurricane Katrina ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Longleaf Pine ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Wind Damage ◽  
Silvicultural Treatments ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract Some evidence suggests that longleaf pine might be more tolerant of high winds than either slash pine (Pinus elliotii Englem.) or loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.). We studied wind damage to these three pine species in a common garden experiment in southeast Mississippi following Hurricane Katrina, a very large, Category 3 hurricane that directly affected the stand in August 2005. The experiment, a factorial arrangement of silvicultural treatments established in 1960, included 120 plots of 100 trees each, covering about 22 ha. Following the hurricane, dbh was measured on all trees, and each tree was rated with respect to mortality from wind damage. Longleaf pine suffered less mortality (7%) than the other two species (slash pine, 14%; loblolly pine, 26%), although the differences in mortality were statistically significant only between longleaf pine and loblolly pine. Longleaf pine lost significantly fewer stems per hectare and less basal area than the two other species. Differences in mortality among species were not a function of mean plot tree height or plot density. Our analyses indicate that longleaf pine is more resistant to wind damage than loblolly pine.

scholarly journals Genotypic Stability Effects on Predicted Family Responses to Silvicultural Treatments in Loblolly Pine

1997 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven E. McKeand ◽  
Robert P. Crook ◽  
H. Lee Allen
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Intensive Culture ◽  
Genotype By Environment ◽  
Silvicultural Treatments ◽  
Genotypic Stability ◽  
Superior Genotypes ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract The lack of rank change in growth characteristics when open-pollinated families of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) are planted on different sites in the Southeast has greatly simplified breeding for superior genotypes. Although family rank does not usually change, genotype by environment interactions (GxE) may be very important in operational deployment of families in regeneration programs. Using data from GxE trials and two site preparation-fertilization-herbicide trials, we estimated the growth that different families should achieve following application of these silvicultural practices. Better performing families tend to be most responsive to site changes (i.e. genetically unstable). Growth responses to silvicultural treatment will be overestimated if only the most responsive families are used in silvicultural research trials. Similarly, genetic gains will be overestimated if gain trials are planted on only the best sites or receive intensive culture. South. J. Appl. For. 21(2):84-89.

Application method and timing of gibberellin A4/7 treatments for increasing pollen conebud production in southern pines

1984 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. Hare
Keyword(s):  
Cationic Surfactant ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Longleaf Pine ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Foliar Sprays ◽  
Application Method ◽  
Southern Pines

In 4 different years' experiments with loblolly (Pinustaeda L.), slash (Pinuselliottiielliottii Engelm.), and longleaf (Pinuspalustris Mill.) pine, timing of gibberellin A4/7 (GA4/7) treatments was critical for optimal promotion of pollen conebuds. Two or three biweekly treatments given at strategic times were equivalent to six given from May to August. July to August applications best promoted pollen conebuds. Using the cationic surfactant Aromox C/12, aqueous foliar sprays of 200 mg/L of GA4/7 were more effective than ethanolic topical bud treatments for pollen conebud induction in slash pine. Addition of naphthaleneacetic acid enhanced the GA4/7 effect in loblolly pine but diminished it in slash and longleaf pine.

scholarly journals Chipping Whole Trees for Fuel Chips: A Production Study

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 176-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Mitchell ◽  
Tom Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Longleaf Pine ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Wage Rates ◽  
Time And Motion ◽  
Motion Study ◽  
Average Production ◽  
Production Study ◽  
Small Diameter Trees ◽  
The Cost

Abstract A time and motion study was conducted to determine the productivity and cost of an in-woods chipping operation when processing whole small-diameter trees for biomass. The study removed biomass from two overstocked stands and compared the cost of this treatment to existing alternatives. The treatment stands consisted of a 30-year-old longleaf pine stand and a 37-year-old loblolly pine stand. In the longleaf pine stand, 71% of the trees removed were less than 5 in. dbh. In the loblolly pine stand, approximately 81% of the stems removed were less than 5 in. dbh. The harvesting system consisted of conventional ground-based harvesting equipment and a three-knife chipper that processed the biomass into fuel chips. The average production time to fill a chip van was 24.61 minutes. The chip moisture content averaged 94.11% (dry basis). Using machine rates and federal labor wage rates, the in-woods cost of producing fuel chips was $9.18/green ton (gt). The cost of the biomass chipping operation ($15.18/gt), including transportation, compared favorably to existing alternative treatments of cut-and-pile or mulching.

scholarly journals Fungicides Improve Field Performance of Stored Loblolly and Longleaf Pine Seedlings

1996 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Brissette ◽  
James P. Barnett ◽  
John P. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Longleaf Pine ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Fungicide Application ◽  
Total Height ◽  
Pine Seedlings

Abstract Seedlings of loblolly and longleaf pine lifted in December, January, and February were treated with either benomyl or ridomil before cold storage. Along with an untreated control, they were planted after cold storage of less than 1 wk, 3 wk, and 6 wk. Survival was measured in mid-June after planting, and after 1 and 4 yr in the field. Total height was measured after 4 yr. The fungicide application increased survival of both species lifted in December or February and was beneficial to longleaf pine seedlings regardless of storage duration. Fungicide-treated longleaf pine seedlings had greater mean 4 yr height than the controls, but fungicides did not affect the height of loblolly pine. South. J. Appl. For. 20(1): 5-9.

scholarly journals Needle-Clipping Longleaf Pine and Top-Pruning Loblolly Pine in Bareroot Nurseries

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 235-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. South
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Longleaf Pine ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Root Weight Ratio ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Average Survival

Abstract Studies have shown that clipping needles of longleaf pine before outplanting can increase average seedling survival by 13 percentage points. Under some situations, the increase in survival might be due to a reduction in transpiration. For loblolly pine, top-pruning in the nursery might increase average survival by 6 percentage points. Benefits of pruning appear greater when seedlings experience stress after planting and when nonpruned seedlings have low root weight ratios (root dry weight/total seedling dry weight). On some droughty sites, a seedling with a 0.3 root weight ratio might have an 80% chance of survival, while a seedling with a 0.2 root weight ratio might only have a 53% chance of survival. In most studies where heights were measured after 3 yr in the field, pruned seedlings were the same height as nonpruned seedlings (± 7 cm). South. J. Appl. For. 22(4):235-240.

Using silvicultural practices to regulate competition, resource availability, and growing conditions for Pinus palustris seedlings underplanted in Pinus taeda forests

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 902-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin O. Knapp ◽  
G. Geoff Wang ◽  
Joan L. Walker ◽  
Huifeng Hu
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Resource Availability ◽  
Longleaf Pine ◽  
Pinus Palustris ◽  
Light Transmittance ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Growing Conditions

In the southeastern United States, many forest managers are interested in restoring longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) to upland sites that currently support loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.). We quantified the effects of four canopy treatments (uncut Control; MedBA, harvest to 9 m2·ha−1; LowBA, harvest to 5 m2·ha−1; and Clearcut) and three cultural treatments (NT, no treatment; H, herbicide release of longleaf pine seedlings; and H+F, herbicide release plus fertilization) on resource availability and growing conditions in relation to longleaf pine seedling response for 3 years. Harvesting treatments reduced competition from canopy trees but resulted in greater abundance of understory vegetation. Harvesting shifted the interception of light from the canopy to the subcanopy vegetation layer; however, total light availability at the forest floor increased with the intensity of canopy removal. Soil moisture was not affected by harvesting or by the cultural treatments. Foliar nutrient concentrations (N, P, and K) of longleaf pine seedlings generally increased with the intensity of the harvest treatment. Of the plant resources measured, we found that light was most strongly correlated with longleaf pine seedling growth and that incorporating the interception of light by subcanopy vegetation improved the relationship over that of canopy light transmittance alone.

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