Glycoconjugates, Hypothetical Proteins and Post Translational Modification: Importance in Host Pathogen Interaction and Antitubercular Intervention Development

Host-pathogen interactions are fundamental to our understanding of infectious diseases. Protein glycosylation is one kind of common post-translational modification, forming glycoproteins and modulating numerous important biological processes. It also occurs in host-pathogen interaction, affecting host resistance or pathogen virulence often because glycans regulate protein conformation, activity, and stability, etc. This review summarizes various roles of different glycoproteins during the interaction, which include: host glycoproteins prevent pathogens as barriers; pathogen glycoproteins promote pathogens to attack host proteins as weapons; pathogens glycosylate proteins of the host to enhance virulence; and hosts sense pathogen glycoproteins to induce resistance. In addition, this review also intends to summarize the roles of lectin (a class of protein entangled with glycoprotein) in host-pathogen interactions, including bacterial adhesins, viral lectins or host lectins. Although these studies show the importance of protein glycosylation in host-pathogen interaction, much remains to be discovered about the interaction mechanism.

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Novel Target Exploration from Hypothetical Proteins of Klebsiella pneumoniae MGH 78578 Reveals a Protein Involved in Host-Pathogen Interaction

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fcimb.2020.00109 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

G. Pranavathiyani ◽

Jyoti Prava ◽

Athira C. Rajeev ◽

Archana Pan

Keyword(s):

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Hypothetical Proteins ◽

Host Pathogen Interaction ◽

Host Pathogen ◽

Novel Target

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of A Novel Mechanism of Host-Pathogen Interaction through sRNA in Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.726419717.793534336 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Burkhard Tümmler

Keyword(s):

Outer Membrane ◽

Membrane Vesicles ◽

Outer Membrane Vesicles ◽

Host Pathogen Interaction ◽

Host Pathogen ◽

Bacterial Outer Membrane

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The Role of Macrophages in the Host’s Defense against Sporothrix schenckii

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens10070905 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 905

Author(s):

Estela Ruiz-Baca ◽

Armando Pérez-Torres ◽

Yolanda Romo-Lozano ◽

Daniel Cervantes-García ◽

Carlos A. Alba-Fierro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Responses ◽

Macrophage Polarization ◽

Sporothrix Schenckii ◽

Macrophage Cell ◽

Cell Recruitment ◽

Host Pathogen Interaction ◽

Interaction Processes ◽

Host Pathogen ◽

Molecular Patterns

The role of immune cells associated with sporotrichosis caused by Sporothrix schenckii is not yet fully clarified. Macrophages through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) can recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of Sporothrix, engulf it, activate respiratory burst, and secrete pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory biological mediators to control infection. It is important to consider that the characteristics associated with S. schenckii and/or the host may influence macrophage polarization (M1/M2), cell recruitment, and the type of immune response (1, 2, and 17). Currently, with the use of new monocyte-macrophage cell lines, it is possible to evaluate different host–pathogen interaction processes, which allows for the proposal of new mechanisms in human sporotrichosis. Therefore, in order to contribute to the understanding of these host–pathogen interactions, the aim of this review is to summarize and discuss the immune responses induced by macrophage-S. schenckii interactions, as well as the PRRs and PAMPs involved during the recognition of S. schenckii that favor the immune evasion by the fungus.

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