Biofilm formation on zirconia and titanium over time—An in vivo model study

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 865-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton Desch ◽  
Nadine Freifrau von Maltzahn ◽  
Nico Stumpp ◽  
Marly Dalton ◽  
Ines Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
In Vivo Model ◽  
Model Study ◽  
Over Time

2021 Frank Stinchfield Award: A novel cemented hip hemiarthroplasty infection model with real-time in vivo imaging in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 103-B (7 Supple B) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
William J. Hadden ◽  
Mazen Ibrahim ◽  
Mariam Taha ◽  
Kerstin Ure ◽  
Yun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Joint Infection ◽  
Volumetric Analysis ◽  
In Vivo Model ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Hip Hemiarthroplasty

Aims The aims of this study were to develop an in vivo model of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) in cemented hip hemiarthroplasty, and to monitor infection and biofilm formation in real-time. Methods Sprague-Dawley rats underwent cemented hip hemiarthroplasty via the posterior approach with pre- and postoperative gait assessments. Infection with Staphylococcus aureus Xen36 was monitored with in vivo photoluminescent imaging in real-time. Pre- and postoperative gait analyses were performed and compared. Postmortem micro (m) CT was used to assess implant integration; field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) was used to assess biofilm formation on prosthetic surfaces. Results All animals tolerated surgery well, with preservation of gait mechanics and weightbearing in control individuals. Postoperative in vivo imaging demonstrated predictable evolution of infection with logarithmic signal decay coinciding with abscess formation. Postmortem mCT qualitative volumetric analysis showed high contact area and both cement-bone and cement-implant interdigitation. FE-SEM revealed biofilm formation on the prosthetic head. Conclusion This study demonstrates the utility of a new, high-fidelity model of in vivo PJI using cemented hip hemiarthroplasty in rats. Inoculation with bioluminescent bacteria allows for non-invasive, real-time monitoring of infection. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(7 Supple B):9–16.

Strength Retention of a New Microbial Cellulose Scaffold and Existing Collagen-Based Scaffolds After In Vivo Implantation in a Rabbit Model

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael I. Dishowitz ◽  
Miltiadis H. Zgonis ◽  
Jeremy J. Harris ◽  
Constance Ace ◽  
Louis J. Soslowsky
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
In Vivo Model ◽  
Microbial Cellulose ◽  
Poor Outcomes ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Pullout Loads

Rotator cuff tendon tears often require large tensions for repair [1] and these tensions are associated with poor outcomes including rerupture [2]. To address this, repairs are often augmented with collagen-based scaffolds. Microbial cellulose, produced by A. xylinum as a laminar non-woven matrix, is another candidate for repair augmentation [3]. An ideal augmentation scaffold would shield the repair site from damaging loads as they change throughout the healing process. Although the initial mechanical properties of clinically used scaffolds have been well characterized [4–6], their mechanical behavior following implantation is not known. As a result, the role of these scaffolds throughout the healing process remains unknown. Therefore, the objective of this study is to characterize the mechanical behavior of existing collagen-based scaffolds and a new, microbial cellulose scaffold over time using an in vivo model. We hypothesize that: 1) collagen-based scaffolds will show decreased stiffness (1a) and suture pullout loads (1b) over time when compared to initial values while the microbial cellulose scaffold will not; and 2) the collagen-based scaffolds will have decreased stiffness (2a) and suture pullout loads (2b) when compared to the new, microbial cellulose scaffold at all timepoints.

Antibiofilm Activity of ZnO/Zeolite Nanocomposite (ZnO/ZeoNC) Against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Biocompatibility in animal model

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Partoazar ◽  
Fatemeh Rahmani Bideskan ◽  
Nasrin Takzaree ◽  
Mohammad Mehdi Soltan Dallal
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Tissue Response ◽  
In Vivo Model ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Polyethylene Tube ◽  
Cell Tissue ◽  
Sublethal Doses ◽  
Sem Imaging

Background: Infectious diseases, whether intracellular or extracellular infections, biofilm-mediated, or medical device- associated have always been a global problem in public health causing millions of deaths each year. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibiofilm activity of ZnO/ZeoNC against K. pneumoniae along with biocompatibility of nanocomposite in vivo model. Objective: The formation of biofilm by K. pneumoniae in the catheter-associated urinary tract causes a nosocomial infection. In this regard, antimicrobial nanomaterials have emerged as potent effective agents against biofilm formation. Nevertheless, nanoparticles have already been a challenge with possible side effects such as inflammation. The ZnO/ZeoNC may exhibit anti-biofilm property with minimal adverse effects. Methods: The biofilm formation of K. pneumoniae strains was exposed to ZnO/ZeoNC and then SEM imaging was performed for morphological investigation of bacteria in biofilm state. The quantity of mice tissue response to ZnO/ZeoNC embedded polyethylene tube also analyzed on the tissue of mice during the 30-day experiment. Results: The results of this study showed that ZnO/ZeoNC has the significant antibiofilm activity against K. pneumoniae strains in its sublethal doses. The ZnO/ZeoNC also caused deformation on K. pneumoniae biofilm. In addition, ZnO/ZeoNC also reduced inflammatory response in cell tissue of rats subjected to polyethylene tube. Conclusion: ZnO/ZeoNC can be used potentially against the infections due to K. pneumonia biofilm without irritability on the biotic surface such as urinary tract.

scholarly journals New phenomena for clinicians, model of Candida albicans mobilization before and after biofilm formation in the intestinal mucosa of Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus)

2021 ◽  
pp. 165-170
Author(s):  
Masfufatun Masfufatun ◽  
Loo Hariyanto Raharjo ◽  
Harsono Wiradinata ◽  
Putu Oky Ari Tania ◽  
Ni'matuzahroh Ni'matuzahroh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
In Vivo Model ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Data Sampling

Background and Aim: The virulence and antifungal resistance of Candida albicans are recently known for their ability to form biofilm. This research aimed to construct an in vivo model of C. albicans biofilm in Wistar rats' intestinal mucosa and study their mobilization while in a planktonic and biofilm formation. In this study, there was one treatment group that was treated with three antibiotics, immunosuppressants, and C. albicans. Materials and Methods: This study was divided into control and treatment groups. The data sampling was conducted after C. albicans inoculation. The C. albicans biofilm formation stage was monitored with colony-forming units method calculation every week post-inoculation and then observed by the confocal laser scanning microscope. Results: The planktonic C. albicans overgrowth occurred up to 14 days after inoculation. The formation and maturation of C. albicans biofilm in the intestinal mucosa started in the 28th and 35th-day post-inoculation, respectively. The density of planktonic C. albicans in the stool was dramatically decreased on the 35th day. Before the biofilm formation, the planktonic Candida was carried away by food scraps to be released as a stool. However, there were minuscule or no planktonic Candida observed in the stool during and after biofilm formation. Instead, they were attached to the caecum's mucosa as a biofilm. Conclusion: We have proved that the planktonic C. albicans with its mobile nature were carried into the stool along with the rest of the feed, as we observed a lot of C. albicans cells found in the stool. Meanwhile, on day 28 after administration of antibiotics and immunosuppressants, no C. albicans was found in the stool samples, and at the same time, we observed C. albicans cells and their matrix attached to the intestinal mucosa as a biofilm.

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