scholarly journals Emergent Goal‐Anticipatory Gaze in Infants via Event‐Predictive Learning and Inference

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Gumbsch ◽  
Maurits Adam ◽  
Birgit Elsner ◽  
Martin V. Butz
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Learning

The Effect of Outcome Probability on Generalization in Predictive Learning

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadar Ram ◽  
Dieter Struyf ◽  
Bram Vervliet ◽  
Gal Menahem ◽  
Nira Liberman
Keyword(s):  
High Probability ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
Perceptual Similarity ◽  
Learning Paradigm ◽  
Predictive Learning ◽  
Lightning Bolt ◽  
Outcome Probability

Abstract. People apply what they learn from experience not only to the experienced stimuli, but also to novel stimuli. But what determines how widely people generalize what they have learned? Using a predictive learning paradigm, we examined the hypothesis that a low (vs. high) probability of an outcome following a predicting stimulus would widen generalization. In three experiments, participants learned which stimulus predicted an outcome (S+) and which stimulus did not (S−) and then indicated how much they expected the outcome after each of eight novel stimuli ranging in perceptual similarity to S+ and S−. The stimuli were rings of different sizes and the outcome was a picture of a lightning bolt. As hypothesized, a lower probability of the outcome widened generalization. That is, novel stimuli that were similar to S+ (but not to S−) produced expectations for the outcome that were as high as those associated with S+.

scholarly journals Quantitative Longitudinal Predictions of Alzheimer’s Disease by Multi-Modal Predictive Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 1533-1546
Author(s):  
Mithilesh Prakash ◽  
Mahmoud Abdelaziz ◽  
Linda Zhang ◽  
Bryan A. Strange ◽  
Jussi Tohka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Predictive Performance ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Disease Assessment ◽  
Disease Category ◽  
Modal Data ◽  
Predictive Learning

Background: Quantitatively predicting the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in an individual on a continuous scale, such as the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive (ADAS-cog) scores, is informative for a personalized approach as opposed to qualitatively classifying the individual into a broad disease category. Objective: To evaluate the hypothesis that the multi-modal data and predictive learning models can be employed for future predicting ADAS-cog scores. Methods: Unimodal and multi-modal regression models were trained on baseline data comprised of demographics, neuroimaging, and cerebrospinal fluid based markers, and genetic factors to predict future ADAS-cog scores for 12, 24, and 36 months. We subjected the prediction models to repeated cross-validation and assessed the resulting mean absolute error (MAE) and cross-validated correlation (ρ) of the model. Results: Prediction models trained on multi-modal data outperformed the models trained on single modal data in predicting future ADAS-cog scores (MAE12, 24 & 36 months= 4.1, 4.5, and 5.0, ρ12, 24 & 36 months= 0.88, 0.82, and 0.75). Including baseline ADAS-cog scores to prediction models improved predictive performance (MAE12, 24 & 36 months= 3.5, 3.7, and 4.6, ρ12, 24 & 36 months= 0.89, 0.87, and 0.80). Conclusion: Future ADAS-cog scores were predicted which could aid clinicians in identifying those at greater risk of decline and apply interventions at an earlier disease stage and inform likely future disease progression in individuals enrolled in AD clinical trials.

scholarly journals Predictive learning as a network mechanism for extracting low-dimensional latent space representations

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Recanatesi ◽  
Matthew Farrell ◽  
Guillaume Lajoie ◽  
Sophie Deneve ◽  
Mattia Rigotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latent Variables ◽  
Latent Structure ◽  
Network Activity ◽  
Semantic Organization ◽  
Sequential Processing ◽  
Predictive Learning ◽  
Neural Representations ◽  
Latent Space ◽  
Low Dimensional ◽  
Sensory Prediction

AbstractArtificial neural networks have recently achieved many successes in solving sequential processing and planning tasks. Their success is often ascribed to the emergence of the task’s low-dimensional latent structure in the network activity – i.e., in the learned neural representations. Here, we investigate the hypothesis that a means for generating representations with easily accessed low-dimensional latent structure, possibly reflecting an underlying semantic organization, is through learning to predict observations about the world. Specifically, we ask whether and when network mechanisms for sensory prediction coincide with those for extracting the underlying latent variables. Using a recurrent neural network model trained to predict a sequence of observations we show that network dynamics exhibit low-dimensional but nonlinearly transformed representations of sensory inputs that map the latent structure of the sensory environment. We quantify these results using nonlinear measures of intrinsic dimensionality and linear decodability of latent variables, and provide mathematical arguments for why such useful predictive representations emerge. We focus throughout on how our results can aid the analysis and interpretation of experimental data.

In-air Knotting of Rope with Dual-Arm two-Fingers Robot using Deep Predictive Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (0) ◽  
pp. 1P3-D01
Author(s):  
Momomi KANAMURA ◽  
Kanata SUZUKI ◽  
Yuki SUGA ◽  
Hiroki MORI ◽  
Testuya OGATA
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Learning ◽  
Dual Arm
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document