Long‐term inorganic nitrogen application changes the ammonia‐oxidizing archaeal community composition in paddy soils

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandipan Samaddar ◽  
Jaak Truu ◽  
Poulami Chatterjee ◽  
Kristjan Oopkaup ◽  
Marika Truu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Archaeal Community ◽  
Paddy Soils ◽  
Nitrogen Application

scholarly journals Long-Term Soil Nutrient Management Affects Taxonomic and Functional Weed Community Composition and Structure

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphane Cordeau ◽  
Sandra Wayman ◽  
Quirine M. Ketterings ◽  
Chris J. Pelzer ◽  
Amir Sadeghpour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Dairy Manure ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Alkaline Soil ◽  
Inorganic N ◽  
Fertility Treatments ◽  
Weed Communities

Weed communities can be influenced by nutrient availability, nutrient form (e. g., ammonium vs. nitrate), amendment timing, amendment type (e.g., organic vs. inorganic), and by immigration of seeds during amendment applications. The objective of this research was to compare the long-term effect of different fertility treatments in a corn (Zea mays L.)-alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) rotation on taxonomic and functional structure and composition of weed communities by analyzing the soil weed seedbank. After 14 years of a long-term experiment in Aurora, NY, United States, soils were sampled in five fertility treatments for corn years in the rotation: liquid dairy manure, semi-composted separated dairy solids; or inorganic nitrogen (N) as starter fertilizer with either no sidedress N, a low rate or a high rate of inorganic N as sidedress fertilizer. Soil was collected in early spring 2015 and a greenhouse weed seed germination bioassay was used to quantify the germinable soil weed seedbank. Total weed seedbank density, species richness, and evenness did not vary by treatment. However, fertility treatments modified the ecological niche represented by 20 environmental descriptors, which filtered the weed community creating distinct functional group assemblages. A trait-based analysis revealed that nitrophilic dicotyledons preferring alkaline soil were associated with high concentrations of inorganic N fertilizer, whereas highly specialist monocotyledons preferring high amounts of light were associated with low concentrations of inorganic N fertilizer. Because fertility treatments affected weed community composition but not seed bank density and richness, results encourage the development of holistic management strategies that adopt coherent weed management and crop fertilization.

scholarly journals Nitrate addition inhibited methanogenesis in paddy soils under long-term managements

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 393-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Jun ◽  
Xu Tingting ◽  
Yin Lichu ◽  
Han Cheng ◽  
Deng Huan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Archaeal Community ◽  
Paddy Soils ◽  
Atmospheric Methane ◽  
Nitrate Addition ◽  
Archaeal Species ◽  
Long Term Experiment ◽  
Gradient Gel Electrophoresis

Rice fields are a major source of atmospheric methane (CH<sub>4</sub>). Nitrate has been approved to inhibit CH<sub>4</sub> production from paddy soils, while fertilization as well as water management can also affect the methanogenesis. It is unknown whether nitrate addition might result in shifts in the methanogenesis and methanogens in paddy soils influenced by different practices. Six paddy soils of different fertilizer types and groundwater tables were collected from a long-term experiment site. CH<sub>4</sub> production rate and methanogenic archaeal abundance were determined with and without nitrate addition in the microcosm incubation. The structure of methanogenic archaeal community was analysed using the PCR-DGGE (polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) and pyrosequencing. The results showed that nitrate addition significantly decreased the CH<sub>4</sub> production rate and methanogenic archaeal abundance in all six paddy soils by 70–100% and 54–88%, respectively. The quantity, position and relative intensity of DGGE bands exhibited differences when nitrate was added. Nitrate suppressed the growth of methanogenic archaeal species affiliated to Methanosaetaceae, unidentified Euryarchaeota, Thaumarchaeota and Methanosarinaceae. The universal inhibition of nitrate addition on the methanogenesis and methanogens can be adopted as a practice of mitigating CH<sub>4</sub> emission in paddy soils under different fertilization and water managements.

scholarly journals Distinct responses from bacterial, archaeal and fungal streambed communities to severe hydrological disturbances

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Gionchetta ◽  
A. M. Romaní ◽  
F. Oliva ◽  
J. Artigas
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Hyporheic Zone ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Archaeal Community ◽  
Sediment Surface ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Phase Water ◽  
Archaeal Communities

Abstract Stream microbes that occur in the Mediterranean Basin have been shown to possess heightened sensitivity to intensified water stress attributed to climate change. Here, we investigate the effects of long-term drought (150 days), storms and rewetting (7 days) on the diversity and composition of archaea, bacteria and fungi inhabiting intermittent streambed sediment (surface and hyporheic) and buried leaves. Hydrological alterations modified the archaeal community composition more than the bacterial community composition, whereas fungi were the least affected. Throughout the experiment, archaeal communities colonizing sediments showed greater phylogenetic distances compared to those of bacteria and fungi, suggesting considerable adaptation to severe hydrological disturbances. The increase in the class abundances, such as those of Thermoplasmata within archaea and of Actinobacteria and Bacilli within bacteria, revealed signs of transitioning to a drought-favoured and soil-like community composition. Strikingly, we found that in comparison to the drying phase, water return (as sporadic storms and rewetting) led to larger shifts in the surface microbial community composition and diversity. In addition, microhabitat characteristics, such as the greater capacity of the hyporheic zone to maintain/conserve moisture, tended to modulate the ability of certain microbes (e.g., bacteria) to cope with severe hydrological disturbances.

scholarly journals The Responses to Long-Term Water Addition of Soil Bacterial, Archaeal, and Fungal Communities in A Desert Ecosystem

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 981
Author(s):  
Ying Gao ◽  
Xiaotian Xu ◽  
Junjun Ding ◽  
Fang Bao ◽  
Yashika G. De De Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Archaeal Community ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Desert Ecosystem ◽  
Water Addition ◽  
Water Exposure ◽  
Soil Bacterial

The response of microbial communities to continual and prolonged water exposure provides useful insight when facing global climate changes that cause increased and uneven precipitation and extreme rainfall events. In this study, we investigated an in situ manipulative experiment with four levels of water exposure (ambient precipitation +0%, +25%, +50%, and +100% of local annual mean precipitation) in a desert ecosystem of China. After 9 years of water addition, Illumina sequencing was used to analyze taxonomic compositions of the soil bacterial, archaeal, and fungal communities. The results showed significant increases in microbial biomass carbon (MBC) at higher amended precipitation levels, with the highest values reported at 100% precipitation. Furthermore, an increase in the bacterial species richness was observed along the water addition gradient. In addition, the relative abundance of several bacterial phyla, such as Proteobacteria, significantly increased, whereas that of some drought-tolerant taxa, including Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes, decreased. In addition, the phyla Planctomycetes and Nitrospirae, associated with nitrification, positively responded to increased precipitation. Archaeal diversity significantly reduced under 100% treatment, with changes in the relative abundance of Thaumarchaeota and Euryarchaeota being the main contributors to shifts in the archaeal community. The fungal community composition was stable in response to water addition. Results from the Mantel test and structural equation models suggested that bacterial and archaeal communities reacted contrastingly to water addition. Bacterial community composition was directly affected by changing soil moisture and temperature, while archaeal community composition was indirectly affected by changing nitrogen availability. These findings highlight the importance of soil moisture and nitrogen in driving microbial responses to long-term precipitation changes in the desert ecosystem.

scholarly journals Response of Bacteria Community to Long-Term Inorganic Nitrogen Application in Mulberry Field Soil

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. e0168152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cui Yu ◽  
Xingming Hu ◽  
Wen Deng ◽  
Yong Li ◽  
Guangming Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Field Soil ◽  
Nitrogen Application

scholarly journals Methanogenic response to long-term permafrost thaw is determined by paleoenvironment

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stine Holm ◽  
Josefine Walz ◽  
Fabian Horn ◽  
Sizhong Yang ◽  
Mikhail N Grigoriev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Archaeal Community ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Methanogenic Community ◽  
Permafrost Thaw

ABSTRACT Methane production in thawing permafrost can be substantial, yet often evolves after long lag phases or is even lacking. A central question is to which extent the production of methane after permafrost thaw is determined by the initial methanogenic community. We quantified the production of methane relative to carbon dioxide (CO2) and enumerated methanogenic (mcrA) gene copies in long-term (2–7 years) anoxic incubations at 4 °C using interglacial and glacial permafrost samples of Holocene and Pleistocene, including Eemian, origin. Changes in archaeal community composition were determined by sequencing of the archaeal 16S rRNA gene. Long-term thaw stimulated methanogenesis where methanogens initially dominated the archaeal community. Deposits of interstadial and interglacial (Eemian) origin, formed under higher temperatures and precipitation, displayed the greatest response to thaw. At the end of the incubations, a substantial shift in methanogenic community composition and a relative increase in hydrogenotrophic methanogens had occurred except for Eemian deposits in which a high abundance of potential acetoclastic methanogens were present. This study shows that only anaerobic CO2 production but not methane production correlates significantly with carbon and nitrogen content and that the methanogenic response to permafrost thaw is mainly constrained by the paleoenvironmental conditions during soil formation.

scholarly journals Impacts of reduced inorganic N:P ratio on three distinct plankton communities in the Humboldt upwelling system

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristian Spilling ◽  
Maria-Teresa Camarena-Gómez ◽  
Tobias Lipsewers ◽  
Alícia Martinez-Varela ◽  
Francisco Díaz-Rosas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Trophic Transfer ◽  
N:P Ratio ◽  
Plankton Community ◽  
Humboldt Current ◽  
Term Change ◽  
Plankton Community Structure ◽  
Plankton Communities

AbstractThe ratio of inorganic nitrogen to phosphorus (NP) is projected to decrease in the Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems (EBUS) due to warming of the surface waters. In an enclosure experiment, we employed two levels of NP ratios (10 and 5) for three distinct plankton communities collected along the coast of central Chile (33°S). The primary effect of the NP treatment was related to different concentrations of NO3, which directly influenced the biomass of phytoplankton. Additionally, low inorganic NP ratio reduced the seston NP and Chla-C ratios, and there were some effects on the plankton community composition, e.g. benefittingSynechococcusspp in some communities. One of the communities was clearly top down controlled and trophic transfer to grazers was up to 5.8% during the 12 day experiment. Overall, the initial plankton community composition was more important for seston stoichiometry and trophic transfer than the inorganic NP ratio. Any long term change in the plankton community structure will likely have greater impact than direct effects of a decreasing inorganic NP ratio on the Humboldt Current ecosystem.

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