Potential benefits of biodiversity to Australian vegetation projects registered with the Emissions Reduction Fund—is there a carbon‐biodiversity trade‐off?

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-172
Author(s):  
Rachel J. Standish ◽  
Suzanne M. Prober
Keyword(s):  
Emissions Reduction ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Potential Benefits

scholarly journals Forecasting China’s CO2 emissions by considering interaction of bilateral FDI using the improved grey multivariable Verhulst model

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hang Jiang ◽  
Peiyi Kong ◽  
Yi-Chung Hu ◽  
Peng Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Emissions Reduction ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Grey Prediction ◽  
Pollution Haven Hypothesis ◽  
Outward Fdi ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Pollution Haven ◽  
Verhulst Model ◽  
The Government ◽  
Accuracy Of Prediction

AbstractBecause of the harmful influence of CO2 emissions on the environment and humans, issues related to CO2 emissions have received considerable attention in recent years. Based on the pollution haven hypothesis and pollution halo effect, the uncertain effect of bilateral foreign direct investment (FDI) on CO2 emissions has recently been in focus. Moreover, because of the opposing capital flow of bilateral FDI, the interaction between inward FDI (IFDI) and outward FDI (OFDI) might have a trade-off effect on CO2 emissions. The accurate forecasting of CO2 emissions in China in light of effect of the bilateral FDI is important since the government can use it to regulate emissions’ reduction. The grey multivariable Verhulst model (GMVM) was formulated in this paper with the goal of forecasting CO2 emissions in China by considering the nonlinear, independent, and interaction-related effects of bilateral FDI on them. To enhance the accuracy of prediction, this paper used the Fourier series and the grey prediction model for residual modifications. The empirical results showed that the IFDI and the item of the interaction of bilateral FDI promoted CO2 emissions, whereas OFDI reduced them in China. These results also verified the higher precision of the improved GMVM relative to other models. This paper also used improved GMVM to further forecast CO2 emissions and provided suggestions for the Chinese government to plan for foreign investment, including selectively implementing bilateral FDI, and focusing on the trade-off in its interaction-related effects.

scholarly journals Design of electromechanical height adjustable suspension

2017 ◽  
Vol 232 (9) ◽  
pp. 1253-1269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Amati ◽  
Andrea Tonoli ◽  
Luca Castellazzi ◽  
Sanjarbek Ruzimov
Keyword(s):  
Aerodynamic Drag ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Emissions Reduction ◽  
General Context ◽  
Passenger Vehicles ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Vehicle Motion ◽  
Low Costs ◽  
Fuel Consumption And Emissions

In the general context of vehicles’ fuel consumption and emissions reduction, the minimization of the aerodynamic drag can offer not negligible benefits regarding the environmental issues. The adjustment of the vehicle height is one of the possible ways to provide a reduction of the resistances to vehicle motion, in addition to consequent aspects regarding the increased versatility of the vehicle. The aim of this paper is to present in a systematic way the state of the art of height adjustment systems for passenger vehicles, summarizing the main modes of operations, working principles, and architectures. Particular attention is then given to electromechanical systems, which represent the next trends for future vehicles due to their high reliability and relatively low costs. A design methodology for electromechanical height adjustment systems with the purpose of optimizing their performance is presented. Such procedure is able to reach the most efficient working point even in presence of constraints of different nature. Prototypes have been designed, produced and tested to demonstrate the potentialities of electromechanical height adjustment systems. Furthermore, potential benefits and drawbacks of using such systems are highlighted.

scholarly journals The effects of familiarity and social hierarchy on group membership decisions in a social fish

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyndon A. Jordan ◽  
Marian Y. L. Wong ◽  
Sigal S. Balshine
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Decision Process ◽  
Group Membership ◽  
Social Rank ◽  
Group Living ◽  
Social Hierarchy ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
The Social ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Complex Decision

Members of animal groups face a trade-off between the benefits of remaining with a familiar group and the potential benefits of dispersing into a new group. Here, we examined the group membership decisions of Neolamprologus pulcher , a group-living cichlid. We found that subordinate helpers showed a preference for joining familiar groups, but when choosing between two unfamiliar groups, helpers did not preferentially join groups that maximized their social rank. Rather, helpers preferred groups containing larger, more dominant individuals, despite receiving significantly more aggression within these groups, possibly owing to increased protection from predation in such groups. These results suggest a complex decision process in N. pulcher when choosing among groups, dependent not only on familiarity but also on the social and life-history consequences of joining new groups.

scholarly journals The ethics of unsolicited diagnosis of mental disorder in acquaintances: benefits and dangers

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 297-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward W. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnosis ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Physical Disorder ◽  
Professional Relationship ◽  
Potential Harm ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Potential Benefits

SummaryI examine here the activity of ‘unsolicited diagnosis' of psychiatric disorder – the act of informing a person that they show signs and symptoms of mental disorder, outside of a patient-professional relationship. Whether unsolicited psychiatric diagnosis is a legitimate ethical activity for psychiatrists (and other healthcare professionals) in which to engage is an issue founded upon the trade-off between potential benefits and harm to the recipient of the diagnosis. However, potential harm specific to a psychiatric diagnosis (such as issues related to stigma, confidentiality and paternalism) suggests that making unsolicited diagnoses of psychiatric disorder is even more ethically fraught than making unsolicited diagnoses of physical disorder.

Machine Learning for Structured Finance

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Free Lunch ◽  
Structured Finance ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
No Free Lunch Theorem ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Bias Variance ◽  
No Free Lunch

Machine learning and artificial intelligence have evolved beyond simple hype and have integrated themselves in business and in popular conversation as an increasing number of smart applications profoundly transform the way we work and live. This article defines machine learning in terms of potential benefits and pitfalls for a nontechnical audience, and gives examples of popular and powerful machine learning algorithms: k-means clustering, principal component analysis, and artificial neural networks. Three important philosophical challenges of machine learning are introduced: the no free lunch theorem, the curse of dimensionality, and the bias–variance trade-off.

scholarly journals Towards environmental management accounting for trade-offs

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 428-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Leanne Christ ◽  
Roger Burritt ◽  
Mohsen Varsei
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Management Accounting ◽  
Carbon Equivalent ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Emissions Reduction ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Environmental Management Accounting

Purpose Environmental Management Accounting (EMA) information has become synonymous with win-win decision settings, but this paper aims to consider how EMA support can be extended to company managers who face the dynamics of win-wins and trade-offs. Design/methodology/approach Based on extant literature, the paper suggests an important extension of the use of EMA in support of management decision-making. The need for extended consideration and use of EMA to help overcome trade-offs is illustrated using the case of a wine bottling plant location decision by an Australian company in a global supply chain transporting wine from Australia to North America and Europe. Findings Results confirm the need to add to the broader use of EMA to assist managers attempting to solve real world trade-off problems between economic performance, carbon equivalent emissions reduction and water risk reduction. Research limitations/implications Generalisation of the single wine company case illustration to other companies and similar industry settings remains to be investigated. Practical implications Trade-offs are considered between economic benefit and two environmental performance matters of concern to the company, carbon equivalent emissions reduction and water risk reduction. Originality/value The paper introduces the notion of extending the use of EMA as a pragmatic way for managers to assess trade-off situations with environmental alternatives where no optimal solution is available. Value is added through the real case study of an Australian wine company.

“YOU EITHER LOVE IT IMMEDIATELY, OR YOU HATE IT” REFLECTIONS AND EXPERIENCES OF ESTONIAN EMPLOYEES WITH MICROCHIP IMPLANTS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andra Siibak ◽  
Marleen Otsus
Keyword(s):  
Decision Process ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovations ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovations Theory ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
The World ◽  
Potential Problems ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Technological Affordances

Although employers around the world (e.g. USA, Mexico, Sweden, Belgium, Estonia) have started to implant employees with microchips (Esfola, 2018; Petersen 2019), there is still not enough empirical insights about the opportunities and risks microchipped employees associate with the technology. Semi-structured individual interviews with microchipped employees (n=14) from six different organizations in Estonia were carried out in autumn 2019 so as to contribute new knowledge in this realm and to explore the reasoning of employees with implantables for accepting microchip implants from their employers and the potential benefits and problems they associate with the technology. Relying on the diffusion of innovations theory (DOI) by Everett Rogers (1962 [2003]) the current presentation aims to trace the five steps of the innovation-decision process our interviewed employees underwent when adopting to microchip implants. Preliminary findings indicate that micro-chipped employees are technology enthusiasts who are eager to embrace various technological affordances and have a lot of faith and trust both in the organization they work for. In fact, they were totally unconcerned about the potential problems microchips could pose and wholeheartedly believed in the value of trade-off between convenience and privacy.

scholarly journals Imaging the rapidly developing brain: Current challenges for MRI studies in the first five years of life

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ted Turesky ◽  
Jolijn Vanderauwera ◽  
Nadine Gaab
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Diffusion Mri ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Brain Anatomy ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
Mri Studies ◽  
Age Appropriate ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
And Diffusion

Rapid and widespread changes in brain anatomy and physiology in the first five years of life present substantial challenges for developmental structural, functional, and diffusion MRI studies. One persistent challenge is that methods best suited to earlier developmental stages are suboptimal for later stages, which engenders a trade-off between using different, but age-appropriate, methods for different developmental stages or identical methods across stages. Both options have potential benefits, but also biases, as pipelines for each developmental stage can be matched on methods or the age-appropriateness of methods, but not both. This review describes the data acquisition, processing, and analysis challenges that introduce these potential biases and attempts to elucidate decisions and make recommendations that would optimize developmental comparisons.

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