Heterogeneity of programmed death-ligand 1 expression in thymic epithelial tumours between initial specimen and synchronous or metachronous metastases or recurrences

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 364-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone B S P Terra ◽  
Aaron S Mansfield ◽  
Julie A Vrana ◽  
Anja C Roden
2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (7) ◽  
pp. 637-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emine Kilic Bagir ◽  
Arbil Acikalin ◽  
Alper Avci ◽  
Derya Gumurdulu ◽  
Semra Paydas

AimsWe explored the relationships between programmed death-1 (PD-1) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and the pathological and clinical features of thymic epithelial tumours and thymic hyperplasia.MethodsWe evaluated PD-1 and PDL-1 expressions within epithelial and microenvironmental components in thymic epithelial tumours (n=44) and thymic hyperplasias (n=8), immunohistochemically. We compared the results with demographic, clinical and histopathological features of the cases.ResultsWe found 48% epithelial expression and 82.7% microenvironment expression for PD-1 and 11.5% epithelial expression and 34.6% microenvironment expression for PD-L1. There was no PD-1 expression, in either the epithelial or microenvironment, in the thymic hyperplasia group. PD-1 and PD-L1 positivity was more significant in thymic epithelial tumours than thymic hyperplasia. Patients with PD-1-positive microenvironments exhibited significantly shorter mean estimated survival time than their negative counterparts.ConclusionThese findings suggest that anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 therapies may benefit patients due to high release of PD-1 and PD-L1 in thymic epithelial tumours.


Author(s):  
Steven Banik ◽  
Kayvon Pedram ◽  
Simon Wisnovsky ◽  
Nicholas Riley ◽  
Carolyn Bertozzi

<p>Targeted protein degradation is a powerful strategy to address the canonically undruggable proteome. However, current technologies are limited to targets with cytosolically-accessible and ligandable domains. Here, we designed and synthesized conjugates capable of binding both a cell surface lysosome targeting receptor and the extracellular domain of a target protein. These lysosome targeting chimeras (LYTACs) consist of an antibody fused to agonist glycopeptide ligands for the cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor (CI-M6PR). LYTACs enabled a CRISPRi knockdown screen revealing the biochemical pathway for CI-M6PR-mediated cargo internalization. We demonstrated that LYTACs mediate efficient degradation of Apolipoprotein-E4, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), CD71, and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). LYTACs represent a modular strategy for directing secreted and membrane proteins for degradation in the context of both basic research and therapy. <b></b></p>


2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-226
Author(s):  
AYA KAWAGUCHI ◽  
JUN AKIBA ◽  
REIICHIRO KONDO ◽  
EIJI SADASHIMA ◽  
SACHIKO OGASAWARA ◽  
...  

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document