Characterization of OCA2 cDNA in different porcine breeds and analysis of its potential effect on skin pigmentation in a red Iberian strain

2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Fernandez ◽  
L. Silio ◽  
C. Rodriguez ◽  
C. Ovilo
Keyword(s):  
Skin Pigmentation ◽  
Potential Effect

scholarly journals Characterization of Chicken Skin Yellowness and Exploration of Genes Involved in Skin Yellowness Deposition in Chicken

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingwen Wu ◽  
Zetong Lin ◽  
Genghua Chen ◽  
Qingbin Luo ◽  
Qinghua Nie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Color ◽  
Skin Pigmentation ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Economic Trait ◽  
Chicken Skin ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Skin Coloration ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Selection Of

Skin color is an important economic trait in meat-type chickens. A uniform bright skin color can increase the sales value of chicken. Chickens with bright yellow skin are more popular in China, especially in the broiler market of South China. However, the skin color of chickens can vary because of differences in breeds, diet, health, and individual genetics. To obtain greater insight into the genetic factors associated with the process of skin pigmentation in chickens, we used a colorimeter and high-resolution skin photographs to measure and analyze the skin color of chickens. By analyzing 534 chickens of the same breed, age, and feed condition, we found that the yellowness values of the chickens varied within this population. A significant positive correlation was found between the cloacal skin yellowness values before and after slaughter, and the cloacal skin yellowness value of live chickens was positively correlated with the overall body skin yellowness value. Additionally, chicken skin yellowness exhibited low heritability, ranging from 0.07 to 0.27. Through RNA sequencing, 882 genes were found to be differentially expressed between the skin with the highest and lowest yellowness values. Some of these differentially expressed genes may play an important role in yellow pigment deposition in chicken skin, which included TLR2B, IYD, SMOC1, ALDH1A3, CYP11A1, FHL2, TECRL, ACACB, TYR, PMEL, and GPR143. In addition, we found that the expression and variations of the BCO2 gene, which is referred to as the yellow skin gene, cannot be used to estimate the skin yellowness value of chickens in this population. These data will help to further our understanding of chicken skin yellowness and might contribute to the selection of specific chicken strains with consistent skin coloration.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Isofraxidin 7-O-(6′-O-p-Coumaroyl)-β-glucopyranoside from Artemisia capillaris Thunberg: A Novel, Nontoxic Hyperpigmentation Agent That Is Effective In Vivo

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soon-Ho Yim ◽  
Nadia Tabassum ◽  
Woong-Hee Kim ◽  
Haaglim Cho ◽  
Ji-Hyung Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Pigmentation ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
Tyrosinase Activity ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Developmental Defects ◽  
Artemisia Capillaris ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Vertebrate Model

Abnormalities in skin pigmentation can produce disorders such as albinism or melasma. There is a research need to discover novel compounds that safely and effectively regulate pigmentation. To identify novel modulators of pigmentation, we attempted to purify compounds from a bioactive fraction of the Korean medicinal plant Artemisia capillaris Thunberg. The novel compound isofraxidin 7-O-(6′-O-p-coumaroyl)-β-glucopyranoside (compound 1) was isolated and its pigmentation activity was characterized in mammalian melanocytes. Compound 1 stimulated melanin accumulation and increased tyrosinase activity, which regulates melanin synthesis. Moreover, compound 1 increased the expression of tyrosinase and the key melanogenesis regulator microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) in melanocytes. Compared to the parent compound, isofraxidin, compound 1 produced greater effects on these pigmentation parameters. To validate compound 1 as a novel hyperpigmentation agent in vivo, we utilized the zebrafish vertebrate model. Zebrafish treated with compound 1 showed higher melanogenesis and increased tyrosinase activity. Compound 1 treated embryos had no developmental defects and displayed normal cardiac function, indicating that this compound enhanced pigmentation without producing toxicity. In summary, our results describe the characterization of novel natural product compound 1 and its bioactivity as a pigmentation enhancer, demonstrating its potential as a therapeutic to treat hypopigmentation disorders.

scholarly journals Interaction between Pyridostigmine Bromide and Oxidative Stress

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verônica Farina Azzolin ◽  
Fernanda Barbisan ◽  
Ivo Emilio da Cruz Jung ◽  
Cibele Ferreira Teixeira ◽  
Euler Esteves Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Persian Gulf War ◽  
Pyridostigmine Bromide ◽  
Pharmacological Characterization ◽  
Model Studies ◽  
Acetylcholine Metabolism ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

In this chapter the following topics will be addressed: (1) actions of the cholinergic system in the nervous system, commenting on acetylcholine metabolism and acetylcholinesterase metabolism; (2) acetylcholinesterase inhibitors as subtitle in this topic: pharmacological characterization of pyridostigmine bromide, mechanism of action, and therapeutic effect of the drug; (3) use of pyridostigmine bromide in Persian Gulf War; and (4) potential effect of pyridostigmine bromide in oxidative stress, addressing as subtitle the influence of pyridostigmine bromide on the superoxide-hydrogen peroxide imbalance model. Studies indicate that the interaction between pyridostigmine bromide and stressors could trigger genotoxicity, the mechanism associated with the induction of oxidative stress that leads to this side effect of this drug; however, this discussion needs to be better elucidated and may be more discussed as there is interaction between the pyridostigmine bromide and an endogenous oxidative imbalance caused by it or even by the possible interaction of this with genetic variations present in the antioxidant metabolism.

scholarly journals Characterization of Extractable Species from Polypropylene Microplates

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 560-565
Author(s):  
Eric J. Hill ◽  
Steve J. Martin ◽  
Christopher M. Weikart
Keyword(s):  
Protein Binding ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Medical Products ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Plastic Materials ◽  
Binding Surface

The use of microplates (for bioassays, immunoassays, and general research) that are manufactured from plastic materials has proved problematic due to issues with accuracy, repeatability, and specificity of the results generated. The cause of these issues has been identified as leachables present in the plastic materials. This article presents an extractables study performed with available microplates manufactured with plastic. Common microplates from five different vendors were obtained, including plates from SiO2 Medical Products (SIO) containing a plasma treatment designed to produce an ultra-low protein-binding surface. The microplates were solvent extracted, and the resulting extracts were analyzed for organic extractables. The extractables profiles were examined and compared among the five different plate types. Detected extractables were identified in each of the extracts, and the potential effect on protein binding is discussed.

scholarly journals Clinical and Biological Characterization of Skin Pigmentation Diversity and Its Consequences on UV Impact

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 2668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Del Bino ◽  
Christine Duval ◽  
Françoise Bernerd
Keyword(s):  
Skin Color ◽  
Skin Pigmentation ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Phenotypic Trait ◽  
Pigmentary Disorders ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Skin Response ◽  
Sun Sensitivity

Skin color diversity is the most variable and noticeable phenotypic trait in humans resulting from constitutive pigmentation variability. This paper will review the characterization of skin pigmentation diversity with a focus on the most recent data on the genetic basis of skin pigmentation, and the various methodologies for skin color assessment. Then, melanocyte activity and amount, type and distribution of melanins, which are the main drivers for skin pigmentation, are described. Paracrine regulators of melanocyte microenvironment are also discussed. Skin response to sun exposure is also highly dependent on color diversity. Thus, sensitivity to solar wavelengths is examined in terms of acute effects such as sunburn/erythema or induced-pigmentation but also long-term consequences such as skin cancers, photoageing and pigmentary disorders. More pronounced sun-sensitivity in lighter or darker skin types depending on the detrimental effects and involved wavelengths is reviewed.

Fracture Toughness Testing Using Non-Standard PCVN Specimens: Experiments and Specimen Geometry Effects on T0 Reference Temperature

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitor Scarabeli Barbosa ◽  
Claudio Ruggieri
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Cleavage Fracture ◽  
Master Curve ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Reference Temperature ◽  
Fracture Toughness Testing ◽  
Toughness Testing ◽  
Additional Support

This work addresses an experimental investigation on the cleavage fracture behavior of a high strength, low alloy structural steel using non-standard PCVN specimens. The primary purpose is to investigate the effects of increased specimen span on experimentally measured fracture toughness values and implications for the characterization of the temperature dependence of toughness based on the Master Curve methodology. Fracture toughness testing conducted on various PCVN geometries with increased specimen span extracted from an A572 Grade 50 steel plate provides the cleavage fracture resistance data in terms of the J-integral at cleavage instability, Jc. The experimental results show a potential effect of specimen span on Jc-values which can help mitigating the effects of constraint loss often observed in smaller fracture specimens. An exploratory application to determine the reference temperature, T0, derived from the Master Curve methodology also provides additional support for using non-standard bend specimens in routine fracture applications.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of the env Gene of Bovine Leukemia Virus in Cattle from Pakistan with NGS-Based Evidence of Virus Heterogeneity

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 910
Author(s):  
Marzena Rola-Łuszczak ◽  
Ali Sakhawat ◽  
Aneta Pluta ◽  
Anna Ryło ◽  
Arkadiusz Bomba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Amino Acid Substitutions ◽  
Serological Detection ◽  
Genotype G1

Characterization of the global genetic diversity of the bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is an ongoing international research effort. Up to now BLV sequences have been classified into eleven distinct genotypes. Although BLV genotyping and molecular analysis of field isolates were reported in many countries, there is no report describing BLV genotypes present in cattle from Pakistan. In this study we examined 27 env gene sequences from BLV-infected cattle coming from four farms located in Khyber Pakhtunkwa, Gilgit Baltisan and Punjab provinces. Phylogenetic analyses revealed the classification of Pakistani sequences into genotypes G1 and G6. The alignment with the FLK-BLV sequence revealed the presence of 45 mutations, namely, seven in genotype G1 and 33 in genotype G6. Five mutations were found in both, G1 and G6 genotypes. Twelve amino acid substitutions were found in the analyzed sequences, of which only one P264S was specific for sequences from Pakistan. Furthermore, a certain degree of nucleotide heterogeneity was identified by NGS. These results highlight the need for further study on the importance of genetic variability of BLV, especially in the context of its pathogenicity and potential effect on serological detection.

Mass spectrometry characterization of Commiphora leptophloeos leaf extract and preclinical evaluation of toxicity and anti-inflammatory potential effect

2021 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 113229
Author(s):  
Renato Dantas-Medeiros ◽  
Allanny Alves Furtado ◽  
Ana C. Zanatta ◽  
Manoela Torres-Rêgo ◽  
Estela Mariana Guimarães Lourenço ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Preclinical Evaluation ◽  
Anti Inflammatory
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document