Effect of a soluble bacterial carbohydrate fraction on the viscosity of intestinal contents in healthy subjects and patients with Crohn's disease

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. HAZENBERG ◽  
A. M. PENNOCK-SCHRÖDER ◽  
F. WENSINCK ◽  
J. P. VAN DE MERWE
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Carbohydrate Fraction ◽  
Intestinal Contents

Isolation and characterization of the viscous, high-molecular-mass microbial carbohydrate fraction from faeces of healthy subjects and patients with Crohn's disease and the consequences for a therapeutic approach

1998 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-433
Author(s):  
Johanneke G. H. RUSELER-VAN EMBDEN ◽  
Leo M. C. VAN LIESHOUT ◽  
Doede J. BINNEMA ◽  
Maarten P. HAZENBERG
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Molecular Mass ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
High Molecular Mass ◽  
Muramic Acid ◽  
Bacterial Origin ◽  
Intestinal Contents ◽  
Daily Dose

1.An earlier study by our group revealed that the viscosity of faeces from patients with Crohn's disease is significantly lower than that of healthy subjects. This is due to low concentrations of a high-molecular-mass carbohydrate, probably of bacterial origin. The cause of this phenomenon might be the impaired barrier function of the gut mucosa. Low viscosity may allow close contact of intestinal contents (bacterial products and toxins) with the intestinal wall. This could play a role in the maintenance of the disease. 2.The first aim of this study was to investigate the high-molecular-mass carbohydrate fraction, responsible for viscosity, in detail. We also tried (in a pilot study) to raise the intestinal viscosity of patients with Crohn's disease with the undegradable food additive hydroxypropylcellulose (E463), in an attempt to alleviate clinical symptoms. 3.The high-molecular-mass fraction (> 300 ;kDa) responsible for faecal viscosity was sensitive to lysozyme and contained high levels of muramic acid. It was concluded that this material consisted mainly of peptidoglycan polysaccharides and was consequently of bacterial origin. The muramic acid in material from patients with Crohn's disease was 7.5 (1.5–13.9)%, which was less than in healthy subjects [11.4 (8.5–24.1)%; P = 0.0004]. Furthermore, viscosity in material from patients with Crohn's disease was found to be half [14.9 (1.0–33.6) cP] of that found in healthy subjects [35.0 (2.7–90.7) cP; P = 0.004]. 4.A daily dose of 1 ;g of hydroxypropylcellulose caused an increase in faecal viscosity in patients with Crohn's disease (from 1.4 to 2.3 cP) and in healthy subjects (from 4.9 to 7.5 cP). Faecal consistency improved in patients with Crohn's disease (from watery and loose to formed) and the defecation frequency decreased from 3–4 to about 2 times a day. No changes in defecation patterns were found in healthy subjects. 5.These data indicate that the high-molecular-mass fraction that is responsible for faecal viscosity is peptidoglycan. Furthermore, a daily dose of a hydroxypropylcellulose solution to increase the viscosity of the intestinal contents of patients with Crohn's disease might be beneficial. This approach merits further study.

scholarly journals Analysis of Crohn’s Disease-Related CARD15 Polymorphisms in Spanish Patients with Idiopathic Uveitis

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Rodríguez-Pérez ◽  
A. Aguinaga-Barrilero ◽  
Marina B. Gorroño-Echebarría ◽  
Mercedes Pérez-Blas ◽  
J. M. Martín-Villa
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Dna Sequencing ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Gene Frequency ◽  
Spanish Population ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Accession Number ◽  
Direct Dna Sequencing ◽  
Exon 11

We wished to analyse the frequency of Crohn’s disease-linked CARD15 polymorphisms (P268S, R702W, G908R and 1007fs) in a group of Spanish patients with idiopathic uveitis. To this aim, DNA samples were obtained from 111 unrelated patients. P268S, R702W and G908R polymorphisms were detected using TaqMan Genotyping kits (Applied Biosystems), and the 1007fs variation by direct DNA sequencing. Control group consisted of 105 healthy subjects.None of the polymorphisms studied revealed a significant increase in the groups of patients, when compared to the control group. Thus, P268S is found in 50% of patients (gene frequency 0.284) vs 44% of control individuals (gene frequency 0.245); R702W in 7% of patients (0.036) vs 7% (0.033); G908R in 2% of patients (0.009) vs 4% (0.019) and, finally, 1007fsin 2% of uveitis patients (0.008) vs 4% (0.021). Moreover, DNA sequencing has allowed us to define two new intronic polymorphisms in phase, in the 5' and 3' boundaries of the exon 11 (GenBank accession number #DQ 869189).Altogether, our results suggest that the Crohn’s disease-linked CARD15 polymorphisms do not seem to predispose to idiopathic uveitis in the Spanish population.

scholarly journals Antibodies toEubacteriumandPeptostreptococcusspecies and the estimated probability of Crohn's disease

1981 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Van de Merwe ◽  
P. I. M. Schmitz ◽  
F. Wensinck
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Healthy Subjects

SummaryAnaerobic coccoid rods belonging to species ofEubacteriumandPeptostreptococcusagglutinate more frequently with sera from patients with Crohn's disease than with sera from patients suffering from other diseases and from healthy subjects. Results of agglutination tests with four strains of coccoid anaerobes were used to estimate the probability that a patient suffers from Crohn's disease. The data on healthy subjects and patients with Crohn's disease were subjected to logistic discriminant analysis. With the methods and interpretation described, 52% of the patients with Crohn's disease were recognized as ‘definite’ or ‘probable’ Crohn's disease and 14% as ‘suspected’. Only 1% of the healthy subjects were classified as ‘suspected’ and none as ‘definite’ or ‘probable’ Crohn's disease.

Early lesions of recurrent Crohn's disease caused by infusion of intestinal contents in excluded ileum

1998 ◽  
Vol 114 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geert R. D'Haens ◽  
Karel Geboes ◽  
Mark Peeters ◽  
Filip Baert ◽  
Freddy Penninckx ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Early Lesions ◽  
Intestinal Contents

scholarly journals SLC39A8 missense variant is associated with Crohn's disease but does not have a major impact on gut microbiome composition in healthy subjects

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. e0211328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie Collij ◽  
Floris Imhann ◽  
Arnau Vich Vila ◽  
Jingyuan Fu ◽  
Gerard Dijkstra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Missense Variant ◽  
Microbiome Composition

Urinary Oxalate Recovery after Oral Oxalic Load: An Alternative Method to the Quantitative Determination of Stool Fat for the Diagnosis of Lipid Malabsorption

1989 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 526-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Sangaletti ◽  
M. Petrillo ◽  
G. Bianchi Porro
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Chronic Pancreatitis ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Urinary Oxalate ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Present Measurement ◽  
Positive Results

Urinary oxalate concentrations were measured in 45 patients with quiescent Crohn's disease, four patients with chronic pancreatitis and five healthy subjects after a normal oxalate (150 g/day) diet, after a high-fat (150 g/day), normal oxalate diet and after a high-oxalate (500 mg/day) diet. Urinary oxalate concentrations were significantly ( P<0.05) higher in patients with Crohn's disease and steatorrhoea, but not in those with chronic pancreatitis, after administrating a high-oxalate diet compared with healthy subjects. Mean oxalate values were 19.1 mg/24 h in controls compared with 65.8 mg/24 h in Crohn's disease patients. A direct correlation ( r=0.37, P<0.01) was established between faecal fats and urinary oxalate after oral oxalate load; this correlation ( r=0.43, P<0.01) is closer when only patients with Crohn's disease are considered. The study, therefore, confirmed a correlation between steatorrhoea and hyperoxaluria in patients with Crohn's disease; however, the high percentage of false positive results limits the use of urinary oxalate concentrations as a reliable indicator of lipid malabsorption. It is concluded that, at present, measurement of urinary oxalate cannot be recommended as a valid alternative to the Van de Kamer method for diagnosing lipid malabsorption.

Electroencephalography Findings in Crohn’s Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulker Anadol Kelleci ◽  
Turan Calhan ◽  
Abdurrahman Sahin ◽  
Zeynep Aydin-Ozemir ◽  
Resul Kahraman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Eeg Abnormalities ◽  
Systemic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Theta Frequency ◽  
Potential Indicator ◽  
History Of ◽  
International League

Objectives. Crohn’s Disease (CD) is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease associated with various extraintestinal manifestations, including seizure as a neurological finding. In this study, the prevalence of seizure and electroencephalographic abnormalities in patients with CD was investigated. Materials and Methods. This study involved 41 patients with CD (female/male: 25/16) and 39 subjects in the control group (female/male: 25/14). Patients in the CD group were diagnosed and monitored according to the European Crohn’s and Colitis Organization diagnostic criteria. The control group was composed of healthy subjects with similar age and sex as the CD group. Seizures were classified according to the criteria of the International League Against Epilepsy. Electroencephalography (EEG) was performed for all patients with CD and for healthy subjects. Seizure prevalence and EEG findings were also compared. Results. One patient in the CD group had history of seizures. EEG abnormality was significantly higher in the CD group (16/41, 39%) ( P = .001). The most common EEG abnormality was intermittent generalized slow wave abnormality in theta frequency. Discussion. Our study indicated that CD was associated with EEG abnormalities rather than seizure. The results also indicated that EEG was a potential indicator for detecting subclinical neurological abnormalities in CD.

scholarly journals The faecal flora of patients with Crohn's disease

1981 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Wensinck ◽  
L. M. C. Custers-van Lieshout ◽  
P. A. J. Poppelaars-Kustermans ◽  
A. M. Schröder
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Genetic Predisposition ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Bloody Diarrhoea ◽  
Normal Numbers ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Terminal Ileitis ◽  
Faecal Flora ◽  
Crohn’S Colitis

SummaryThe faecal flora of patients with Crohn's disease was compared with that of healthy subjects. In patients with terminal ileitis, numbers of anaerobic gramnegative and coccoid rods (species ofEubacteriumandPeptostreptococcus) were higher than in the controls whereas anaerobic gram-positive rods and cocci and aerobes occurred in normal numbers. The composition of the flora was neither influenced by duration of the disease nor by ileocaecal resection. In healthy subjects and patients, a chemically defined diet induced only slight changes in the flora. Thus, the flora in terminal ileitis although stable was permanently abnormal.In patients with Crohn's colitis, abnormally low numbers of anaerobes were found in patients with severe, bloody diarrhoea while aerobic counts were normal. The flora in patients with mild colitis was similar to that in terminal ileitis. It is suggested that the abnormal flora composition might be an expression of the genetic predisposition to Crohn's disease.

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