A new method for the computation of global viscoelastic post-seismic deformation in a realistic earth model (I)-vertical displacement and gravity variation

2006 ◽  
Vol 164 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Tanaka ◽  
J. Okuno ◽  
S. Okubo
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Displacement ◽  
New Method ◽  
Earth Model ◽  
Gravity Variation ◽  
Seismic Deformation

scholarly journals A new approach for the pistoning measurement in transtibial prosthesis

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 360-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Gholizadeh ◽  
Noor Azuan Abu Osman ◽  
Ása Gulaug Lúvíksdóttir ◽  
Arezoo Eshraghi ◽  
Mojtaba Kamyab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Axial Loading ◽  
Vertical Displacement ◽  
New Method ◽  
Full Weight Bearing ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Prosthetic Limb ◽  
Prosthetic Socket ◽  
Soft Liner ◽  
Single Limb Support

Background: Good suspension lessens the pistoning (vertical displacement) of the residual limb inside the prosthetic socket. Several methods are used for measuring the pistoning.Study Design: Clinical trial.Objectives: To introduce and evaluate a new simple method for measuring the pistoning between the soft liner and socket in transtibial prostheses.Methods: Five transtibial prostheses with Iceross silicone liner and shuttle lock were made for the subjects. The pistoning was measured between the liner and socket by a photographic method in single limb support on the prosthetic limb (full weight bearing), non-weight bearing and under three static axial loading conditions (30, 60 and 90 N).Results: This new method enabled us to measure the pistoning between the liner and prosthetic socket. The reproducibility of measurements in different trials of one session and between two sessions by two observers was shown to be high. The average of displacement between the liner and socket was about 9 mm in non-weight bearing compared with full weight bearing. Furthermore, as we expected, the average of pistoning increased consistently by adding the loads.Conclusions: This new method provides for easy and inexpensive determination of pistoning between the liner and socket by every prosthetist in clinical settings.

scholarly journals A new method to assess long‐term sea‐bottom vertical displacement in shallow water using a bottom pressure sensor: Application to Campi Flegrei, Southern Italy

2016 ◽  
Vol 121 (11) ◽  
pp. 7775-7789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Chierici ◽  
Giovanni Iannaccone ◽  
Luca Pignagnoli ◽  
Sergio Guardato ◽  
Marina Locritani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Pressure Sensor ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Vertical Displacement ◽  
New Method ◽  
Campi Flegrei ◽  
Bottom Pressure ◽  
Sensor Application ◽  
Sea Bottom

scholarly journals An Innovative Circular Ring Method for Measuring Young’s Modulus of Thin Flexible Multi-Layered Materials

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 553
Author(s):  
Atsumi Ohtsuki
Keyword(s):  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Horizontal Displacement ◽  
Vertical Displacement ◽  
Layered Materials ◽  
Circular Ring ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
New Method ◽  
Thin Wires ◽  
Ring Method

An innovative mechanical testing method (Compressive Circular Ring Method) is provided for measuring Young’s modulus of each layer in a flexible multi-layered material. The method is based on a nonlinear large deformation theory. By just measuring the vertical displacement or the horizontal displacement of the ring, Young’s modulus of each layer can be easily obtained for various thin multi-layered materials. Measurements were carried out on an electrodeposited twolayered wire. The results confirm that the new method is suitable for flexible multi-layered thin wires. In the meantime, the new method can be applied widely to measure Young’s modulus of thin layers formed by PVD, CVD, Coating, Paint, Cladding, Lamination, and others.

Mechanical work in running

1964 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Cavagna ◽  
F. P. Saibene ◽  
R. Margaria
Keyword(s):  
Potential Energy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Vertical Displacement ◽  
Mechanical Work ◽  
Recoil Energy ◽  
Gravity Variation ◽  
Elastic Recoil ◽  
Step Cycle ◽  
External Work ◽  
Mechanical Models

The external and internal mechanical work in running has been measured through various procedures. Different from walking, in running the work due to the forward speed changes (variation of kinetic energy) and to the vertical displacement of the center of gravity (variation of potential energy), throughout the step cycle, are substantially in phase. The external work performed per kilometer is independent of speed, amounting to 0.25 kcal/kg km. The total mechanical work amounts to about 0.40–0.50 kcal/kg km. The efficiency in running has been calculated as about 40–50%: such a high value involves a contribution of a substantial amount of energy delivered at a very low cost; this appears to be identified as elastic recoil energy from the stretched contracted muscle and amounts to about half the energy spent in running. A mechanical model is given for the walking and running processes. mechanics of locomotion; kinetic and potential energy during step cycle; elasticity of contracted muscle; mechanical models for walking and running Submitted on July 29, 1963

Determining dislocation love number of vertical displacement using GPS observations: case study of 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake (Mw 9.0)

2020 ◽  
Vol 222 (2) ◽  
pp. 965-977
Author(s):  
Junyan Yang ◽  
Wenke Sun
Keyword(s):  
Green's Functions ◽  
Green’S Functions ◽  
Vertical Displacement ◽  
Fault Slip ◽  
Earth Model ◽  
Love Number ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Love Numbers ◽  
Vertical Displacements

SUMMARY The concept of determining the dislocation Love numbers using GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) data and calculating the corresponding Green's functions is presented in this paper. As a case study, we derive the dislocation Love number h of vertical displacement by combining 1232 onshore GPS data and 7 GPS-Acoustic data with the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake (Mw 9.0). Three fault-slip distributions are used to compare and verify the theory and results. As the GPS stations are only located in Japan Island and along the Japan trench, we use the theoretical vertical displacements of a spherically layered Earth structure to constrain the low-order signal. The L-curve and an a priori preliminary reference skill are applied in the inversion method. Then, the GPS-observed vertical displacement changes are used to invert for the vertical displacement dislocation Love numbers h based on three different fault-slip models. Our results indicate that the estimated dislocation Love numbers $h$ fluctuate significantly from the earth model (i.e. the preliminary reference earth model), especially for the $h_{n1}^{32}$ component, and these changes in $h_{n2}^{12}$ and $h_{n0}^{33} - h_{n0}^{22}$ are relatively small. The vertical displacements derived from the inversion results agree well with the GPS vertical observations. The inverted dislocation Love numbers are considered to profile the regional structure which differs from the mean 1-D heterogeneous structure of the Earth, and the corresponding Green's functions of four independent dislocation sources describe a more reasonable seismic deformation field.

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