scholarly journals Climate change as a main driver of ecological research

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 542-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Pettorelli
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ecological Research ◽  
Main Driver

National Policies to Promote Renewable Energy

Daedalus ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 141 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed T. El-Ashry
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Energy Access ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
The World ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Low Carbon Energy

The world is entering a new energy era marked by concerns over energy security, climate change, and access by the poor to modern energy services. Yet the current energy path is not compatible with sustainable development objectives. Global demand for energy will continue to grow; so will CO2 emissions. Achieving a low-carbon energy world will require an unprecedented technological transformation in the way energy is produced and used. That transformation has begun, as renewables capacity continues to grow, prices continue to fall, and shares of global energy from renewables continue to increase. Government policies are the main driver behind renewable energy's meteoric growth. Still, the world is tapping only a small amount of the vast supply of renewable energy resources. There is broad consensus that the role of these resources should be expanded significantly in order to meaningfully address energy security, energy access, and climate change.

scholarly journals Restructuring of genomic provinces of surface ocean plankton under climate change

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Frémont ◽  
Marion Gehlen ◽  
Mathieu Vrac ◽  
Jade Leconte ◽  
Patrick Wincker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Niche Theory ◽  
Surface Ocean ◽  
Warming Scenario ◽  
Scale Modeling ◽  
Scientific Issue ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe impact of climate change on diversity, functioning and biogeography of marine plankton is a major unresolved scientific issue. Here, niche theory is applied on plankton metagenomes sampled during the Tara Oceans expedition to derive pan-ocean geographical structuring in climato-genomic provinces characterized by signature genomes for 6 size fractions, from viruses to meso-zooplankton. Assuming a high warming scenario (RCP8.5), the identified tropical provinces would expand and temperate provinces would shrink. Poleward shifts are projected for 96% of provinces in five major basins leading to their reorganization over ~50% of the surface ocean south of 60°N, of which 3% correspond to novel assemblages of provinces. Sea surface temperature is identified as the main driver and accounts only for ~51 % of the changes followed by phosphate (11%) and salinity (10.3%). These results demonstrate the potential of integration of genomics with physico-chemical data for higher scale modeling and understanding of ocean ecosystems.

scholarly journals A climate service for ecologists: sharing pre-processed EURO-CORDEX regional climate scenario data using the eLTER Information System

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 631-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susannah Rennie ◽  
Klaus Goergen ◽  
Christoph Wohner ◽  
Sander Apweiler ◽  
Johannes Peterseil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Information System ◽  
Information Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Regional Climate Change ◽  
Information Management System ◽  
Lookup Table ◽  
Ecological Research ◽  
Climate Service

Abstract. eLTER was a “Horizon 2020” project with the aim of advancing the development of long-term ecosystem research infrastructure in Europe. This paper describes how eLTER Information System infrastructure has been expanded by a climate service data product providing access to specifically pre-processed regional climate change scenario data from a state-of-the-art regional climate model ensemble of the Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) for 702 registered ecological research sites across Europe. This tailored, expandable, easily accessible dataset follows FAIR principles and allows researchers to describe the climate at these sites, explore future projections for different climate change scenarios and make regional climate change assessments and impact studies. The data for each site are available for download from the EUDAT collaborative data infrastructure B2SHARE service and can be easily accessed and visualised through the Dynamic Ecological Information Management System – Site and Dataset Registry (DEIMS-SDR), a web-based information management system which shares detailed information and metadata on ecological research sites around the globe. This paper describes these data and how they can be accessed by users through the extended eLTER Information System architecture. The data and supporting information are available from B2SHARE. Each individual site (702 sites are available) dataset has its own DOI. To aid data discovery, a persistent B2SHARE lookup table has been created which matches the DOIs of the individual B2SHARE record with each DEIMS site ID. This lookup table is available at https://doi.org/10.23728/b2share.bf41278d91b445bda4505d5b1eaac26c (eLTER EURO-CORDEX Climate Service, 2020).

Snow cover phenology is the main driver of foraging habitat selection for a high-alpine passerine during breeding: implications for species persistence in the face of climate change

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 2669-2685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Resano-Mayor ◽  
Fränzi Korner-Nievergelt ◽  
Sergio Vignali ◽  
Nathan Horrenberger ◽  
Arnaud G. Barras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Habitat Selection ◽  
Snow Cover ◽  
Foraging Habitat ◽  
Species Persistence ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
The Face ◽  
Selection For

scholarly journals An iconic messenger of climate change? Predicting the range dynamics of the European Bee-eater (Merops apiaster)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darius Stiels ◽  
Hans-Valentin Bastian ◽  
Anita Bastian ◽  
Kathrin Schidelko ◽  
Jan O. Engler
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Range Shifts ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
German Population ◽  
Global Circulation ◽  
Global Circulation Models ◽  
Mobile Species ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Population Sizes

AbstractWhen environmental conditions change, species usually face three options: adaptation, range shifts, or extinction. In the wake of climate change, it is generally believed that range shifts are the norm in mobile species such as birds, resulting in poleward range shifts. The European Bee-eater is a predominantly Mediterranean species which has expanded its range to higher latitudes over the last decades. Germany in particular has seen a surge in breeding pairs and foundation of new colonies. However, while many experts suggest climate warming as the main driver behind this range expansion, an explicit quantification remains open. Here, we use an ensemble modelling approach to study the recent climatic niche suitability of the European Bee-eater across Europe with a special focus on Germany and project its predicted Palaearctic breeding distribution onto the year 2050 using two global circulation models and two representative concentration pathways. Models were able to predict the current European range of the species with some underestimated areas in Central and Eastern Europe, depending on the selected model. We found a strong relationship between climatic suitable areas and estimated population sizes across European countries that is reflected in most algorithms. In particular, the German population size is in line with climate suitability in the country suggesting a strong climate–population relationship and a high degree of niche filling. Most future predictions point to an ongoing northward expansion of the species while areas in Southern Europe and the Maghreb area remain largely suitable. The strong climate–population relationship makes the European Bee-eater an appropriate indicator species for climate change. Yet the high variability of modelling algorithms also call for caution of using these techniques without careful inspection.

scholarly journals A Climate Service for Ecologists: Sharing pre-processed EUROCORDEX Regional Climate Scenario Data using the eLTER Information System

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susannah Rennie ◽  
Klaus Goergen ◽  
Christoph Wohner ◽  
Sander Apweiler ◽  
Johannes Peterseil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Information System ◽  
Information Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Regional Climate Change ◽  
Information Management System ◽  
Lookup Table ◽  
Ecological Research ◽  
Climate Service

Abstract. eLTER was a Horizon 2020 project with the aim of advancing the development of long-term ecosystem research infrastructure in Europe. This paper describes how eLTER Information System infrastructure has been expanded by a climate service data product providing access to specifically pre-processed regional climate change scenario data from a state-of-the-art regional climate model ensemble of the COordinated Regional Downscaling EXperiment project (CORDEX) for 702 registered ecological research sites across Europe. This tailored, expandable, easily accessible dataset follows FAIR principles and allows researchers to describe the climate at these sites, explore future projections for different climate change scenarios and make regional climate change assessments and impact studies. The data for each site are available for download from the EUDAT Collaborative Data Infrastructure B2SHARE service and can be easily accessed and visualised through the Dynamic Ecological Information Management System – Site and Dataset Registry (DEIMS-SDR), a web-based information management system which shares detailed information and metadata on ecological research sites around the globe. This paper describes these data and how they can be accessed by users through the extended eLTER Information System architecture. The data and supporting information are available from B2SHARE. Each individual site (702 sites are available) dataset has its own DOI. To aid data discovery, a persistent B2SHARE lookup table has been created which matches the DOIs of the individual B2SHARE record with each DEIMS site ID. This look up table is available at http://doi.org/10.23728/b2share.bf41278d91b445bda4505d5b1eaac26c (eLTER EURO-CORDEX Climate Service, 2020).

scholarly journals Revisions of Australian ground-hunting spiders. V. A new lycosoid genus from eastern Australia (Araneae: Tengellidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3305 (1) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT J. RAVEN
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Main Driver

A new genus, Austrotengella, and six new species-A. toddae, A. hackerae, A. monteithi, A. wrighti, A. hebronae, A. plimeri-are described from eastern Australia. The genus presents difficulties in its family placement; its relationships are discussed. Downslope altitudinal changes of 400 metres on elevation in the distribution of A. toddae contradict predicted shifts from climate change and minimally indicate, in this case at least, that temperature is clearly not the main driver of altitudinal models, which are considered to be far too simplistic.

scholarly journals Soil Respiration Dynamics in Bromus erectus-Dominated Grasslands under Different Management Intensities

Agriculture ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Francioni ◽  
Laura Trozzo ◽  
Marco Toderi ◽  
Nora Baldoni ◽  
Marina Allegrezza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Intensive Use ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Bromus Erectus

Reduction of soil greenhouse gas emissions is crucial to control increases in atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Permanent grasslands are of considerable importance in climate change mitigation strategies as they cover about 13% of the global agricultural area. However, uncertainties remain for the effects of management practices on soil respiration, especially over the short term. This study investigated the influence of different mowing intensities on soil respiration over the short term for Bromus erectus-dominated grasslands in the central Apennines. From 2016 to 2018, soil respiration, temperature, and moisture were measured under three different management systems: customary management, intensive use, and abandonment. Both soil water content and temperature changed over time, however mowing did not affect soil water content while occasionally altered soil temperature. The intensive use promoted higher seasonal mean soil respiration compared to the abandonment only during the 2016 growing season. Soil temperature was the main driver of soil respiration above a soil water content threshold that varied little among treatments (18.23–22.71%). Below the thresholds, soil moisture was the main driver of soil respiration. These data suggest that different mowing regimes have little influence on soil respiration over the short term in Bromus erectus-dominated grasslands. Thus, more intensive use would not have significative impacts on soil respiration, at least over the short term. Future studies need to clarify the role of root mycorrhizal and microbial respiration in the light of climate change, considering the seasonal redistribution of the rainfall.

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