scholarly journals Autochthonous bacterial flora indicated by PCR-DGGE of 16S rRNA gene fragments from the alimentary tract ofCostelytra zealandica(Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)

2008 ◽  
Vol 105 (5) ◽  
pp. 1277-1285 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Zhang ◽  
T.A. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Alimentary Tract ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Rrna Gene

scholarly journals Characterization of The Microbiome In Bile From Normal Human Gallbladders

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin Watanabe ◽  
Tadashi Shinoda ◽  
Masaaki Minagawa ◽  
Mari Toya ◽  
Daisuke Motooka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
Ribosomal Gene ◽  
Gallbladder Bile ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Gene Profile

Abstract Background: Scientists previously believed that bacteria could not grow in bile, which is rich in bacteriostatic compounds such as bile acids. Therefore, the biliary tract was considered to be a sterile environment. However, high-throughput (i.e., amplicon) sequencing analysis methods have recently been used to discover the bacterial flora in gallbladder bile in brain-dead patients with normal gallbladders. In a bacterial flora analysis targeting the 16S ribosomal gene, a specific flora was present in the bile of normal gallbladders. However, these results were not obtained from truly healthy individuals. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the microbial flora of bile collected from pathologically normal gallbladders that were surgically removed from patients with hepatobiliary pancreatic diseases who had normal liver function.Results: All 12 bile samples obtained from the gallbladders had negative culture results, although a bacterial flora was detected in all samples via 16S ribosome gene analysis. The composition of the bacterial flora was very simple, and the Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria phyla were identified in all samples. Based on 16S rRNA gene profile analysis, the composition ratio accounted for more than 80% of the total number of reads. The Anaerobacillus, Delftia, Bacillus, Ralstonia, Ochrobactrum, Acidovorax, and Curvibacter genera were detected in all 12 samples. Based on 16S rRNA gene profile analysis, at the genus level, Anaerobacillus and Delftia accounted for 58.62%–87.63% of the identified bacteria in each sample. Conclusions: In this study, the bacterial flora in the gallbladder bile was not diverse. Contrary to previous reports, few bacteria belonging to the Bacteroidetes phylum were detected. The functional significance of the gallbladder bacterial flora requires further investigation.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Analysis of Bacterial Flora in Postoperative Maxillary Cyst Fluid by 16S rRNA Gene and Culture Methods

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoto Sano ◽  
Yoshio Yamashita ◽  
Kazumasa Fukuda ◽  
Hatsumi Taniguchi ◽  
Masaaki Goto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Gene Analysis ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Analysis ◽  
Staphylococcus Capitis ◽  
Maxillary Cyst

Intracystic fluid was aseptically collected from 11 patients with postoperative maxillary cyst (POMC), and DNA was extracted from the POMC fluid. Bacterial species were identified by sequencing after cloning of approximately 580 bp of the 16S rRNA gene. Identification of pathogenic bacteria was also performed by culture methods. The phylogenetic identity was determined by sequencing 517–596 bp in each of the 1139 16S rRNA gene clones. A total of 1114 clones were classified while the remaining 25 clones were unclassified. A total of 103 bacterial species belonging to 42 genera were identified in POMC fluid samples by 16S rRNA gene analysis. Species of Prevotella (91%), Neisseria (73%), Fusobacterium (73%), Porphyromonas (73%), and Propionibacterium (73%) were found to be highly prevalent in all patients. Streptococcus mitis (64%), Fusobacterium nucleatum (55%), Propionibacterium acnes (55%), Staphylococcus capitis (55%), and Streptococcus salivarius (55%) were detected in more than 6 of the 11 patients. The results obtained by the culture method were different from those obtained by 16S rRNA gene analysis, but both approaches may be necessary for the identification of pathogens, especially of bacteria that are difficult to detect by culture methods, and the development of rational treatments for patients with POMC.

scholarly journals Effect of commercially purified deoxynivalenol and zearalenone mycotoxins on microbial diversity of pig cecum contents

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-255
Author(s):  
Kondreddy Eswar Reddy ◽  
Minji Kim ◽  
Ki Hyun Kim ◽  
Sang Yun Ji ◽  
Youlchang Baek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Intestinal Microflora ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Operational Taxonomic Units ◽  
Bacterial 16S Rrna Gene

Objective: Deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN) are mycotoxins that frequently contaminate maize and grain cereals, imposing risks to the health of both humans and animals and leading to economic losses. The gut microbiome has been shown to help combat the effects of such toxins, with certain microorganisms reported to contribute significantly to the detoxification process.Methods: We examined the cecum contents of three different dietary groups of pigs (control, as well as diets contaminated with 8 mg DON/kg feed or 0.8 mg ZEN/kg feed). Bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicons were acquired from the cecum contents and evaluated by next-generation sequencing.Results: A total of 2,539,288 sequences were generated with ~500 nucleotide read lengths. Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria were the dominant phyla, occupying more than 96% of all three groups. <i>Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Megasphaera</i>, and <i>Campylobacter</i> showed potential as biomarkers for each group. Particularly, <i>Lactobacillus</i> and <i>Bacteroides</i> were more abundant in the DON and ZEN groups than in the control. Additionally, 52,414 operational taxonomic units were detected in the three groups; those of <i>Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, Campylobacter</i>, and <i>Prevotella</i> were most dominant and significantly varied between groups. Hence, contamination of feed by DON and ZEN affected the cecum microbiota, while <i>Lactobacillus</i> and <i>Bacteroides</i> were highly abundant and positively influenced the host physiology.Conclusion: <i>Lactobacillus</i> and <i>Bacteroides</i> play key roles in the process of detoxification and improving the immune response. We, therefore, believe that these results may be useful for determining whether disturbances in the intestinal microflora, such as the toxic effects of DON and ZEN, can be treated by modulating the intestinal bacterial flora.

Differentiation Of Clarias Batrachus, C. Gariepinus And Heteropneustes Fossilis By Pcr-Sequencing Of Mitochondrial 16s Rrna Gene

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Mohammad Shamimul Alam ◽  
Hawa Jahan ◽  
Rowshan Ara Begum ◽  
Reza M Shahjahan
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Fish Larva ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Multiple Sequence ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Alternative Means

Heteropneustesfossilis, Clariasbatrachus and C. gariepinus are three major catfishes ofecological and economic importance. Identification of these fish species becomes aproblem when the usual external morphological features of the fish are lost or removed,such as in canned fish. Also, newly hatched fish larva is often difficult to identify. PCRsequencingprovides accurate alternative means of identification of individuals at specieslevel. So, 16S rRNA genes of three locally collected catfishes were sequenced after PCRamplification and compared with the same gene sequences available from othergeographical regions. Multiple sequence alignment of the 16S rRNA gene fragments ofthe catfish species has revealed polymorphic sites which can be used to differentiate thesethree species from one another and will provide valuable insight in choosing appropriaterestriction enzymes for PCR-RFLP based identification in future. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 41(1): 51-58, June 2015

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