Akhlak Siswa terhadap Guru Pada Pendekatan Normatif di Dalam Al-Qur’an dan Hadis

The normative approach is to understand religion using the framework of God's knowledge, the view of the main and original teachings from God in which there is no human reasoning. The purpose of this study was to see the morals of students towards teachers according to the Qur'an and Hadith. This research method is descriptive qualitative. The method in this study is a library method, the data collected are books and previous studies that are relevant for this research. In the data source section, there are verses from the Qur'an and hadith that contain students' morals towards teachers, reading books that refer to research theory, and several related previous studies. Data collection techniques used reading and note-taking techniques. The data analysis technique in this study is content analysis using a normative approach to the text in the verses of the Qur'an and Hadith and in the form of articles from the journal Sinta 2-5 as many as 4 articles containing moral habits based on a normative approach. Normative matters regarding student morals in the school community and family environment do need to be emphasized according to the verses of the Qur'an and hadith, this is able to form noble character in children from an early age.

The Capability of Utilizing Abiotic Enantiomers of Amino Acids by Halomonas sp. LMO_D1 Derived From the Mariana Trench

D-amino acids (D-AAs) have been produced both in organisms and in environments via biotic or abiotic processes. However, the existence of these organic materials and associated microbial degradation activity has not been previously investigated in subduction zones where tectonic activities result in the release of hydrothermal organic matter. Here, we isolated the bacterium Halomonas sp. LMO_D1 from a sample obtained from the Mariana trench, and we determined that this isolate utilized 13 different D-AAs (D-Ala, D-Glu, D-Asp, D-Ser, D-Leu, D-Val, D-Tyr, D-Gln, D-Asn, D-Pro, D-Arg, D-Phe, and D-Ile) in the laboratory and could grow on D-AAs under high hydrostatic pressure (HHP). Moreover, the metabolism of L-AAs was more severely impaired under HHP conditions compared with that of their enantiomers. The essential function gene (Chr_2344) required for D-AA catabolism in strain LMO_D1 was identified and confirmed according to the fosmid library method used on the D-AAs plate. The encoded enzyme of this gene (DAADH_2344) was identified as D-amino acid dehydrogenase (DAADH), and this gene product supports the catabolism of a broad range of D-AAs. The ubiquitous distribution of DAADHs within the Mariana Trench sediments suggests that microorganisms that utilize D-AAs are common within these sediments. Our findings provide novel insights into the microbial potential for utilizing abiotic enantiomers of amino acids within the subduction zone of the Mariana trench under HHP, and our results provide an instructive significance for understanding these abiotic enantiomers and allow for insights regarding how organisms within extraterrestrial HHP environments can potentially cope with toxic D-AAs.

حتقيق النصوص لكتاب االعتكاف يف خمطوطة شرح منهاج الطالبن

<p>This paper is entitled: "Manuscript of I'tikaf on the Book of Syarah Minhaj Ath-Thalibin." Is a scientific work that discuss Manuscript of I'tikaf on the Book of Syarah Minhaj Ath-Thalibin ( philological analysis) with two problem analyzes : How condition of the text The Manuscript I'tikaf in the Book of Syarah Minhaj Ath- Thalibin? How critique of the text The Manuscript I'tikaf in the Book of Syarah Minhaj Ath- Thalibin? To finishing problems, researchers use scientific methods that include collection methods in the form of text criticism analysis theory and literature methods. On the stage of data collection using the library method then at the stage of data presentation using the narrative descriptive method and the critical method of the text. The text of the I'tikaf Manuscript in the Kitab Syarah Minhaj Ath-Thalibin belongs to Ashaf Zein He work as a teacher in one of the schools in Mandar inherited from his father Kiai Ahmad Bin Muh. Zein on located in Bonde village, Campalagian District, Polewali Mandar Regency. In general, the text of the manuscript is still good, but does not have some writing errors and the loss of some letters, words and sentences.</p>

Metode Kitab Syarah Dalam Menetapkan Makna Hadis Berpandukan Dalil: Suatu Penelitian Awal

Syarah book or commentaries was embraced not only in the exposition of individual hadith of the Prophets SAW and hadith collections, but also in other sub disciplines such as the science of hadith transmission. The debate is so subtle and deep that it covers various types of knowledge. Therefore, there are difficulties in reviewing and filtering opinions on the meaning of hadith based on evidence (dalil). This article aims to identify and highlight the methods used by these books in establishing a meaning or description that coincides with the correct evidence and argumentations (pendalilan) or vice versa. The methodology used is the Library Method where relevant documents are collected and their contents are analyzed. A review of the practice of syarah books was conducted on selected sections of the following books; Fatḥ al-Bārī Šarḥ Ṣaḥīḥ al-Buḫārī, Iršād al-Sārī Šarḥ Ṣaḥīḥ al-Buḫārī, al-Mufhim Limā Uškila Min Talḫīs Saḥīḥ Muslim son of al-Tauḍīḥ Lišarḥ al-Jāmi ’al-Saḥīḥ. At least five (5) methods have been identified. First: List the Opinions and its Evidence (dalil), second: Discuss the Argumentations Used, third: State a View as Accurate (Rājiḥ), fourth: State the View is Not Based on Evidence or Argumentations That Are Not Strong and fifth: Indicate the Existence of Objection to a View. The findings of this study will ease the extraction of the meaning of the hadith that are aligned with the evidence of the syara’ (Islamic law).

Relevansi Teori Keraguan Descartes bagi Pendidikan Agama Kristen yang Dialogis

The fundamental understanding of religion positions its adherents in a closed attitude to dialogue. Descartes opposed the fundamental understanding of a truth, because for him every truth could be doubted. Departing from Descartes' thought, many people use Descartes' method of doubt as a basis for arguments against religious fundamentalism. By using the library method, the author utilizes the relevant literature to process various information that can be used as study material. In relation to Christian Religious Education (PAK), doubt contributes to encouraging students to think critically and to realize a dialogical learning process. Thus, the act of doubting does not need to be feared or avoided, but rather as a very human thought process to find the ultimate truth.Abstrak: Pemahaman agama yang fundamental memposisikan penganutnya pada sikap tertutup akan dialog. Descartes menentang pemahaman fundamental tentang suatu kebenaran, karena baginya setiap kebenaran dapat diragukan. Berangkat dari pemikiran Descartes, banyak orang menggunakan metode keraguan Descartes sebagai dasar argumen menentang fundamentalisme agama. Dengan menggunakan metode kepustakaan, penulis memanfaatkan literatur yang relevan untuk mengolah berbagai informasi yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan kajian. Dalam kaitannya dengan Pendidikan Agama Kristen (PAK), keraguan memberikan sumbangsih untuk mendorong siswa berpikir kritis dan mewujudkan proses belajar yang dialogis. Dengan demikian, tindakan meragu tidak perlu ditakuti atau dihindari, melainkan sebagai sebuah proses berpikir yang sangat manusiawi untuk menemukan kebenaran yang hakiki.

Keberadaan Kelompok Minoritas: Mitos Homogenitas Bangsa Jepang

The focus of this research is to discus the existence of minority groups in Japan. The existence of this minority community breaks the understanding of the Japanese nation which consists of a homogeneous society. This study uses the library method, by taking data from various literatures such as scientific articles, reference books and official reports issued by the Japanese Government through official website. This study found that existence of minority community in Japan for example Zainichi Korea, Burakumin groups, Ainu and a number of migrant worker is proof that Japan is not a homogeneous society but is a multicultural society. This paper is expected to complement the research that has been done previously related to the identity of the Japanese nation.

Inventory of tontemboan vocabulary as a regional language protection

Tontemboan is a language spoken in parts of Minahasa and South Minahasa. Tontemboan is one of the regional languages in North Sulawesi. Tontemboan is one of the languages that are endangered if there is no effort in terms of language participation. The threat of extinction of the Tontemboan language triggers actions to keep from extinction, one of which is the inventory of the vocabulary of the language itself. This inventory is done with the aim of getting vocabulary in the language of the area that is focused on reduplication areas with thought if possible can enrich vocabulary Indonesian. In order to obtain a reduplication form in this language, data collection is carried out by library method and continued with the listening method, which is listening to the use of this language in everyday life by speakers of that language. This method is done in more detail using record techniques. In addition to listening to the use of language, there are also face-to-face interviews with speakers by asking or confirming the vocabulary/reduplication obtained. The instrument used in data collection in face-to-face interviews is to use Swadesh's vocabulary list that has been modified into a dimlication form.

TAHLILUL MAWAD DIRASIYAH FI KITABI TA'LIMI AL LUGHAH AL ARABIYAH

The teaching of the Arabic language had a great development from its experts from all sides in Indonesia, in strategy, method and method, even the vertical books that teachers used in education. before using the textbook. There must be analyzed and observed first. Is the book suitable for education or was not fit. Because many of the teachers complain about the problems they faced in education, the causes of which are the textbooks in which the subjects were not appropriate and in conformity with the rules of teaching the Arabic language. Therefore, the researcher would like to analyze the contents of this book in order to know whether the book is worth using in education or is it not suitable for teaching. This study aims to analyze the study materials in the book "Teaching the Arabic Language for Secondary Schools" in order to know whether the materials included in this book are appropriate to the Arabic educational rules. Or was it not appropriate to the correct educational rules in the Arabic language? The researcher uses the qualitative descriptive method in the library method.

KAPASITAS KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KERJASAMA DAN INOVASI DALAM PERUSAHAAN (Suatu Tinjauan Teoritis)

The purpose of this paper is to study the capacity of Knowledge Management in a theoretical review and aims to understand how companies can strengthen the context of the cooperative elements that exist within the organization to generate innovation. The method used in this paper is the library method based on empirical studies from the results of previous studies and literature studies.The justification of the absorptive capacity typology for innovation efficiency processes has the potential to influence the absorption realized in new products and cause effects on internal research and development in various ways. The impact of joint ventures, supplier cooperation and customer cooperation is significant on absorption.The implication in this paper is to extend the research to other innovation metrics as new organizational methods, new processes, new designs, or new methods of using sales funnels.This paper considers it necessary to analyze the typology of capacities that enable managers to understand the innovation efficiency process in the context of collaboration and make better decisions. Collaboration of collaborative activities, organizational capacity and objectives in internal research and development can obtain higher innovation results.

Bentuk-bentuk Cyberbullying yang terdapat dalam Drama San Nen A Gumi Karya Shogo Muto

This research is entitled "Forms of Cyberbullying in the Drama San Nen A Gumi by Shogo Muto". The purpose of this study is to describe the forms of cyberbullying in the data source used, namely the drama San Nen A Gumi by Shogo Muto. The method used in this research is the library method, descriptive analysis method and informal method. The theory used consists of two theories, namely the theory of sociology of literature according to Wellek and Warren and the theory of cyberbullying according to Willard. The results showed that there are five forms of cyberbullying, including 1) flaming 'sending fiery messages' 2) harassment 'sending disturbing messages of harassment repeatedly', 3) denigration 'making or spreading slander', 4) impersonation 'disguise', and 5) outing and trickery 'obtaining or spreading secrets from the target by deceit'.