Persistence of sunflower crop traits and fitness in Helianthus petiolaris populations

Influence of abiotic factors and hosts on population dynamics of green lacewing, Chrysoper lacarnea (Stephens) was studied in sunflower, Helianthus annus (Linn.).The maximum number of C. carnea population was found during mid March –mid April in the first year and mid April – mid May in the second year in sunflower crop. The maximum number of host population viz. egg and larva of Helicoverpa armigera and Myzuspe rsicae population were found during mid March –mid April in both the year and correlation studies revealed the positive and significant correlation between larval population of H. armigera, M. persicae and predator C. carnea. While there was no significant relationship found between eggs of H. armigera and C. carnea. The C. carnea population on H. annus during both the year was positively correlated with maximum temperature and found significant,while negatively correlated with relative humidity.However, no significant correlation of C. carnea was found with minimum temperature in both the year.

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Helianthus petiolaris: Rhodes, L. & Maxted, N.

IUCN Red List of Threatened Species ◽

10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-3.rlts.t20694339a20695346.en ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

Helianthus Petiolaris

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Hybrid Zones and the Genetic Architecture of a Barrier to Gene Flow Between Two Sunflower Species

Genetics ◽

10.1093/genetics/152.2.713 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 152 (2) ◽

pp. 713-727 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Loren H Rieseberg ◽

Jeannette Whitton ◽

Keith Gardner

Keyword(s):

Genetic Study ◽

Genetic Architecture ◽

Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽

Pollen Sterility ◽

Model Organisms ◽

Hybrid Zones ◽

Reproductive Barriers ◽

Natural Hybrid ◽

Generation Times ◽

Helianthus Petiolaris

Abstract Genetic analyses of reproductive barriers represent one of the few methods by which theories of speciation can be tested. However, genetic study is often restricted to model organisms that have short generation times and are easily propagated in the laboratory. Replicate hybrid zones with a diversity of recombinant genotypes of varying age offer increased resolution for genetic mapping experiments and expand the pool of organisms amenable to genetic study. Using 88 markers distributed across 17 chromosomes, we analyze the introgression of chromosomal segments of Helianthus petiolaris into H. annuus in three natural hybrid zones. Introgression was significantly reduced relative to neutral expectations for 26 chromosomal segments, suggesting that each segment contains one or more factors that contribute to isolation. Pollen sterility is significantly associated with 16 of these 26 segments, providing a straightforward explanation of why this subset of blocks is disadvantageous in hybrids. In addition, comparison of rates of introgression across colinear vs. rearranged chromosomes indicates that close to 50% of the barrier to introgression is due to chromosomal rearrangements. These results demonstrate the utility of hybrid zones for identifying factors contributing to isolation and verify the prediction of increased resolution relative to controlled crosses.

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Sunflower crop-wild hybrids: Identification and risks

Crop Protection ◽

10.1016/j.cropro.2011.02.022 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 30 (6) ◽

pp. 611-616 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Alejandro Presotto ◽

Ivana Fernández-Moroni ◽

Mónica Poverene ◽

Miguel Cantamutto

Keyword(s):

Sunflower Crop

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Viability of Biofertilizer Produced by an Indian Biodigester Prototype Applied to Sunflower Plants

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v9n10p253 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 253

Author(s):

Luciano Fernandes Moura ◽

Pedro Felipe Sousa Teixeira ◽

Franklin Aragão Gondim ◽

Francisco Holanda Nunes Junior ◽

Rifandreo Monteiro Barbosa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Energy Use ◽

Polynomial Regression ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Low Cost ◽

Control Group ◽

Initial Growth ◽

Sunflower Crop ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Relative Chlorophyll Content

Biodigesters have been used to convert biomass into biogas and biofertilizers. This energy use has been important for the reduction of solid waste pollution in the environment. This work aims to analyse the viability of the use of pig biofertilizer produced by an Indian biodigester prototype, monitored by a data acquisition system. The biodigester used was an Indian prototype built on a low cost material that is easy to acquire (polyvinyl chloride-PVC). After the biofertilizer production, we tested its efficiency and viability under conditions of vegetation house in the cultivation of sunflower plants. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial arrangement with 4 concentrations of biofertilizer (0, 40, 80 and 120 kg N ha-1) × 4 harvest periods (14, 21, 25 and 29 days after sowing). We evaluated biometric and vigor parameters by measurements of stem diameter, height of the aerial part, number of leaves and production of fresh and dry matter of roots, aerial and total parts, as well as the relative chlorophyll content. We performed the experiment with five repetitions using two plants each and we submitted the data to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and polynomial regression using the statistical software Sisvar 5.4. The functional Indian biodigester prototype produced a biofertilizer of excellent quality and viability as a biofertilizer for the initial growth of sunflower plants. The biofertilizer served as a nutritional source in the sunflower crop, since it provided increases in all the growth parameters analyzed in relation to the control group (plants in the absence of biofertilizer), especially in the concentration of 120 kg N ha-1.

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Respostas de cultivares de girassol a doses crescentes de boro na entressafra do Cerrado Tocantinense

Revista Verde de Agroecologia e Desenvolvimento Sustentável ◽

10.18378/rvads.v11i1.4004 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 43

Author(s):

A. Capone ◽

A. S. Dario ◽

M. Z. Menegon ◽

R. R. Fidelis ◽

H. B. Barros

Keyword(s):

Boron Concentration ◽

Block Design ◽

Micronutrient Deficiency ◽

Boron Deficiency ◽

Brazilian Cerrado ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Sunflower Crop ◽

Best Responses ◽

Achene Production ◽

Leaf Boron

No cerrado brasileiro a deficiência de boro no solo ocorre com maior frequência. A cultura do girassol é muito sensível à deficiência deste micronutriente, além de apresentar pouca eficiência em seu aproveitamento. Neste contexto, objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar as respostas de cultivares de girassol a doses crescentes de boro no período da entressafra no cerrado tocantinense. O experimento foi conduzido em Gurupi, (TO), com sistema de plantio direto em sucessão a soja, sobre Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo distrófico. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos casualizados, com quinze tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram dispostos num esquema fatorial simples 3 x 5, constituído por três cultivares de girassol (variedade Br 122, híbridos Aguará 4 e Helio 863) e cinco doses de ácido bórico (0, 1, 2, 3 e 4 kg ha-1). As características avaliadas foram: altura de planta, diâmetro da haste, diâmetro do capítulo, concentração de boro foliar, massa de mil aquênios e produtividade de aquênios. A dose de 3 kg ha-1 de boro proporcionou, em sua grande maioria, as melhores respostas das cultivares Br 122, Aguará 4 e Helio 863 quanto às características avaliadas. No entanto, com esta dose, a cultivar Aguará 4 apresenta melhor aproveitamento para produção de aquênios.Responses of sunflower cultivars to increasing doses of boron in the between harvests the Cerrado TocantinenseAbstract: In the brazilian cerrado soil boron deficiency occurs more frequently. The sunflower crop is very sensitive to this micronutrient deficiency, and have little efficiency in its use. In that context, aimed to of this study was to evaluate the response of sunflower cultivars to increasing doses of boron during the between harvests in the cerrado tocantinense. The experiment was conducted in Gurupi (TO), with no-tillages soybeans in succession on dystrophic Red Yellow Latosol. The experimental design was a randomized block design with fifteen treatments and four replications. The treatments were arranged in a factorial 3 x 5 simple, composed of three cultivars of sunflower (variety Br 122, hybrid Aguará 4 and Helio 863), and five doses of boric acid (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 kg ha-1). The characteristics evaluated were: plant height, stem diameter, head diameter, leaf boron concentration, weight of thousand achenes and productivity achenes. The dose of 3 kg ha-1 resulted boron, mostly, the best responses of the cultivars Br 122, Aguará 4 and Helio 863 on the characteristics evaluated. However, at this dose, the cultivar Aguará 4 has better use for achene production.

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