Photoperiodic Influcence on the Morphology and the Androgen Receptor Level of the Ventral Prostate Gland and Seminal Vesicles of the Djungarian Hamster (Phodopus sungorus)

Andrologia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. SCHINDELMEISER ◽  
G. AUMÜLLER ◽  
U. ENDERLE-SCHMITT ◽  
M. BERGMANN ◽  
K. HOFFMANN
Keyword(s):  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Ventral Prostate ◽  
Phodopus Sungorus ◽  
Djungarian Hamster ◽  
Receptor Level

[3H]thymidine uptake by the epididymis, seminal vesicles and prostate gland during postnatal development of the rat

1991 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 313 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Sujarit ◽  
RC Jones
Keyword(s):  
Postnatal Development ◽  
Similar Pattern ◽  
Initial Segment ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Ventral Prostate ◽  
Thymidine Uptake ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Cauda Epididymidis

The uptake of [3H]thymidine by the epididymis, ventral prostate gland and seminal vesicles was determined in vivo for rats aged 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 45 and 55 days. The pattern of uptake varied considerably between organs and generally was different from patterns of growth measured as mass or ratio of mass of DNA:tissue. The 'initial segment' of the epididymis and caput and corpus epididymidis showed a similar pattern of [3H]thymidine uptake, being greatest in 15-day-old animals and declining thereafter. On Day 15 the cauda epididymidis had a lower uptake than more proximal regions of the epididymis, but it subsequently showed two significant peaks of increased uptake on Days 25-30 and Day 45. The uptake by the seminal vesicles was high on Day 15, fell to low levels on Day 20, increased considerably from Days 20 to 35, then gradually decreased from Day 35 to 55. The uptake by the prostate gland was a little lower than by the seminal vesicles on Days 15 and 20, then reduced to about the same level as non-reproductive tissues.

scholarly journals Letrozole effect in murine ventral prostate

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-53
Author(s):  
Manuel García ◽  
Hernandes Corralho
Keyword(s):  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Ventral Prostate ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Letrozole Treatment

The prostate gland is regulated by steroid hormones and complex interactions based on a subtle balance between androgen and estrogen (E2) regulate prostatic development and physiology. Interestingly, the changes in steroid hormone levels at old ages affect the hormonal milieu and contribute to the evolution of the pathological changes of the gland. We have analyzed the effects of letrozole, an aromatase inhibitor, on the structure in the ventral prostate of control and castrated adult rats. The results demonstrated alterations in prostate physiology after letrozole treatment. Serum levels of testosterone, prostate weight and proliferative index in luminal and basal cells were increased. Estrogen serum levels were not altered dramatically, in contrast to slight increase in gonadotrophin hormones seen in the castrated animals. Castration did not alter the proliferation index of basal cells. Reorganization of tissue compartments was seen with significant increase in letrozole treated animals. A decrease in androgen receptor expression was seen 21-days after the beginning of treatment with letrozole. These results were confirmed by immunohistochemistry. These results reveal new aspects in the relationship between androgen receptor and steroid metabolism in the prostate gland, demonstrating that alteration in hormone levels during a short time period induces significant alterations in prostate homeostasis. 

MEASUREMENT OF FREE AND OCCUPIED CYTOPLASMIC AND NUCLEAR ANDROGEN RECEPTOR SITES IN RAT VENTRAL PROSTATE GLAND

1977 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER DAVIES ◽  
PHILIP THOMAS ◽  
KEITH GRIFFITHS
Keyword(s):  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Ventral Prostate ◽  
Reliable Estimate ◽  
Exchange Method ◽  
Receptor Proteins ◽  
Receptor Sites ◽  
Rat Ventral Prostate ◽  
Fold Excess

SUMMARY A method has been developed which allows the estimation of occupied and unoccupied androgen receptor sites in both cytoplasmic and nuclear fractions of rat ventral prostate. The procedure involves precipitation of receptor proteins and incubation of precipitates with labelled 5α-dihydrotestosterone. Uptake of 3H-labelled steroid at 0–4 °C gives an indication of free receptor, whereas binding at a raised temperature (15 °C) allows estimation of occupied receptor. Non-specific binding was measured in the presence of a 100-fold excess of unlabelled 5α-dihydrotestosterone. The exchange method was specific for androgens, and specific binding was detected only in fractions of androgen-dependent tissues. The method can be applied to cytosol, whole nuclei, chromatin and salt-extractable and salt-resistant protein preparations from nuclear fractions, and gives a reliable estimate of total receptor sites when occupied as compared with control measurements of unoccupied sites.

PLASMA TESTOSTERONE AND ACCESSORY SEX GLANDS IN NORMAL AND CRYPTORCHID RATS

1972 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. LLOYD
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Ventral Prostate ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Progressive Decline ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Accessory Sex Glands ◽  
Gland Weight ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Fischer Rats

SUMMARY Plasma testosterone concentration and the weights of the seminal vesicles and ventral prostate gland were measured in normal and cryptorchid Fischer rats at 3, 4·5, 7·5 and 13·5 months of age, and in normal parabionts and cryptorchid parabionts of 13·5 months of age. Testosterone was measured individually by a protein-binding method. In normal rats, all parameters rose to a maximum at 7·5 months of age, then levelled off or declined at 13·5 months of age. In cryptorchid rats, a similar pattern at a lower level was found for accessory sex gland weight, but plasma testosterone levels showed a progressive decline from an above normal level at 3 months to a subnormal level at 13·5 months of age. Cryptorchid parabionts were less responsive to gonadotrophin stimulation from union with a castrated partner than normal parabionts. The present study showed that plasma testosterone levels in normal and cryptorchid rats are age-related. It also showed that the pattern of plasma testosterone levels observed in cryptorchid rats is different from that seen in normal rats. Accessory sex gland weight is also age-related but is not a reliable index of plasma testosterone levels.

scholarly journals Identification of Genetic Pathways Activated by the Androgen Receptor during the Induction of Proliferation in the Ventral Prostate Gland

2003 ◽  
Vol 279 (2) ◽  
pp. 1310-1322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascale V. Nantermet ◽  
Jian Xu ◽  
Yuanjiang Yu ◽  
Paul Hodor ◽  
Daniel Holder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Ventral Prostate ◽  
Genetic Pathways

scholarly journals Androgen receptor expression of proliferating basal and luminal cells in adult murine ventral prostate

1999 ◽  
Vol 162 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Mirosevich ◽  
JM Bentel ◽  
N Zeps ◽  
SL Redmond ◽  
MF D'Antuono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Ventral Prostate ◽  
Testosterone Enanthate ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Thymidine Labelling ◽  
Testosterone Administration ◽  
Luminal Cells

Maintenance of the size and differentiated function of the adult prostate is dependent on testicular androgens. In this study, simultaneous androgen receptor (AR) immunohistochemistry and [(3)H]thymidine labelling was used to characterise the proliferating epithelial cells of the murine ventral prostate. Proliferation in the adult prostate was more prevalent in the basal cell population with 1.8 AR-negative cells labelled with [(3)H]thymidine as compared with 0.7% AR-expressing luminal cells. Three weeks following castration of mice, the atrophied prostate contained rudimentary glands composed of both luminal and basal cells with the proportion of AR-expressing basal cells reduced from 50 to 25%. Administration of testosterone enanthate to castrated mice induced a recapitulation of the prostate gland that was preceded by up-regulation of AR expression in basal cells to normal adult levels (50% AR-positive cells) by 12 h following testosterone injection. Proliferation of AR-positive luminal cells peaked at 48 h (22.8%) while proliferation of AR-negative basal cells peaked at 96 h (6.1%) following testosterone administration. These results suggest that distinct populations of luminal and basal cells are resistant to castration-induced involution of the prostate but remain responsive to direct or indirect testosterone effects and recapitulate the gland following administration of testosterone.

THE ONSET AND ESTABLISHMENT OF SPERMATOGENESIS IN RATS IN RELATION TO GONADOTROPHIN AND TESTOSTERONE LEVELS

1977 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. H. DE JONG ◽  
R. M. SHARPE
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Ventral Prostate ◽  
Spermatogenic Cells ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Measurable Level ◽  
Pachytene Spermatocytes

The concentrations of LH and FSH in the plasma and pituitary gland, and testosterone in the plasma and testes were measured in individual rats between 21 and 180 days of age. Spermatogenesis was quantitated in the same animals and correlations between the various parameters were calculated. The numbers of Sertoli and spermatogenic cells up to pachytene spermatocytes increased in parallel with the peripheral levels of FSH up to days 33 or 35. The concentration of FSH in the plasma started to decrease after day 55, but this decrease could not be correlated with the appearance of any cell type in the testes of the same animals; it was probably due to the high levels of peripheral testosterone at this age. Testicular and plasma levels of testosterone were closely correlated in all age groups studied. The first significant increase occurred between days 39 and 41 and coincided with an increased growth rate of the seminal vesicles and ventral prostate gland. The increase in the concentration of testosterone occurred 10 days after the concentration of LH in the plasma rose to a measurable level. Spermatogenesis had proceeded up to step 16 spermatids at this age.

ANTIANDROGENIC EFFECTS OF THE PINEAL GLAND AND MELATONIN IN CASTRATED AND INTACT PREPUBERTAL MALE RATS

1978 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. ALONSO ◽  
L. PRIETO ◽  
C. HERNANDEZ ◽  
M. MAS
Keyword(s):  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Ventral Prostate ◽  
Inhibitory Influence ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Accessory Sex Organs ◽  
Prepubertal Rats

In castrated prepubertal rats, pinealectomy enhanced the testosterone-induced growth response of the seminal vesicles and melatonin inhibited this effect in a dose-related manner. In entire animals, the serum concentration of LH was increased after pinealectomy with no significant changes in other parameters. Administration of melatonin to intact, pinealectomized rats did not affect the serum concentrations of LH or testosterone but caused a doserelated decrease in the weight of the seminal vesicles. The highest dose of melatonin tested reduced the weight of the ventral prostate gland and the uptake of radioactivity by both the ventral prostate gland and the testes after injection of [5-3H]uridine. It is suggested that the pineal gland and melatonin may exert an antagonistic effect on the biological activity of androgens administered to castrated rats and that melatonin can reduce the growth of the accessory sex organs of intact, pinealectomized rats, in spite of a high concentration of LH in the serum. The well-known inhibitory influence of systemically administered melatonin on the accessory sex organs in male rats may be due to its antagonistic effect at a peripheral level.

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