Control of Rhizoctonia solani and Cotton Seedling Disease by Laetisaria arvalis and a Mycophagous Insect Proisotoma minuta (Collembola)

Surveys were conducted to identify fungi associated with postemergence cotton seedling disease in Missouri. Samples consisted of 10 cotton seedlings, 2 to 3 weeks after emergence, with symptoms of seedling diseases collected from a 0.25 ha area in each of 60 fields in 1997 and 1998. Four genera of fungi were cultured from the roots (Fusarium, Pythium, Rhizoctonia, and Thielaviopsis) and three species were identified: Rhizoctonia solani, Thielaviopsis basicola, and Pythiumultimum. Rhizoctonia solani, T. basicola, and P. ultimum were cultured from seedlings in 70%, 47%, and 15% of fields sampled in 1997, respectively, and 55%, 17%, and 5% of fields sampled in 1998, respectively. Repeated tests of pathogenicity confirmed that R. solani AG-4, T. basicola, and P. ultimum were major causal agents of postemergence cotton seedling disease in Missouri. This study provides the first documentation on the distribution and frequency of fungi associated with postemergence seedling disease complex of cotton based on a survey of randomly selected fields. Accepted for publication 10 July 2002. Published 31 July 2002.

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Fungi Associated With Postemergence Cotton Seedling Disease in Missouri

Plant Health Progress ◽

10.1094/php-2002-0722-01-rs ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. A. Wrather ◽

B. Phipps ◽

C. S. Rothrock

Keyword(s):

Rhizoctonia Solani ◽

Thielaviopsis Basicola ◽

Seedling Disease ◽

Cotton Seedling ◽

Disease Complex ◽

Seedling Diseases

Surveys were conducted to identify fungi associated with postemergence cotton seedling disease in Missouri. Samples consisted of 10 cotton seedlings, 2 to 3 weeks after emergence, with symptoms of seedling diseases collected from a 0.25 ha area in each of 60 fields in 1997 and 1998. Four genera of fungi were cultured from the roots (Fusarium, Pythium, Rhizoctonia, and Thielaviopsis) and three species were identified: Rhizoctonia solani, Thielaviopsis basicola, and Pythiumultimum. Rhizoctonia solani, T. basicola, and P. ultimum were cultured from seedlings in 70%, 47%, and 15% of fields sampled in 1997, respectively, and 55%, 17%, and 5% of fields sampled in 1998, respectively. Repeated tests of pathogenicity confirmed that R. solani AG-4, T. basicola, and P. ultimum were major causal agents of postemergence cotton seedling disease in Missouri. This study provides the first documentation on the distribution and frequency of fungi associated with postemergence seedling disease complex of cotton based on a survey of randomly selected fields. Accepted for publication 9 July 2002. Published 22 July 2002.

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Use of Lentinan and Fluopimomide to Control Cotton Seedling Damping-Off Disease Caused by Rhizoctonia solani

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture12010075 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 75

Author(s):

Shoumin Sun ◽

Haohao Yan ◽

Gang Chen ◽

Shuai Yang ◽

Jie Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Rhizoctonia Solani ◽

Plant Disease Resistance ◽

Field Trials ◽

Cotton Production ◽

Damping Off ◽

Seedling Disease ◽

Cotton Seedling ◽

Cotton Seeds ◽

Acid Pathway

Lentinan (LNT) is a natural and functional polysaccharide isolated from Lentinus edodes fruiting bodies, which functions in stimulating the plant immune response, improving plant disease resistance and regulating plant growth. This study explores the use of LNT as a plant growth regulator and attractant in cotton production. After treatment with LNT, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in cotton seeds decreased, whereas the activities of polyphenol oxidase (PPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) in leaves increased significantly. LNT also promoted the growth and development of cotton plants and significantly reduced the incidence of cotton damping-off disease. The relative expression of salicylic acid pathway-related genes in cotton also increased significantly. The prevention mechanism of fluopimomide was also evaluated, and the result showed lower EC50 values and was effective in controlling cotton seedling disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani in both greenhouse experiments and field trials. The use of LNT and fluopimomide in controlling cotton seedling damping-off disease showed a synergistic effect in field trials. These results will provide a new insight into the agricultural application of LNT as a biological fungicide in the field of biological controls.

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Bacillus-based biological control of cotton seedling disease complex

Journal of Plant Protection Research ◽

10.2478/jppr-2014-0051 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 54 (4) ◽

pp. 340-348

Author(s):

Mohammad Ahmed Khiyami ◽

Moawad Ragab Omar ◽

Kamel Ahmed Abd-Elsalam ◽

Aly Abd El-Hady Aly

Keyword(s):

Dry Weight ◽

Damping Off ◽

Single Strain ◽

Seedling Disease ◽

Cotton Seedling ◽

Disease Complex ◽

Fungal Isolates ◽

Greenhouse Evaluation ◽

Bacillus Spp ◽

Bacillus Strains

Abstract To formulate an efficient and eco-friendly strategy for the management of cotton seedling disease complex, pot experiments were conducted and the efficiency of eight Bacillus strains against seven fungi involved in the disease were determined. A greenhouse evaluation of the interaction between fungal isolates and Bacillus strains was carried out. The evaluation revealed a very highly significant Bacillus strains x fungal isolates interaction for all the following parameters: preemergence damping-off, postemergence damping-off, survival, plant height, and dry weight. This interaction implies that a single strain of the Bacillus sp. can be highly effective against a fungal isolate, but may have only minimal effects on other fungal isolates. The results of the present study demonstrated that Bacillus circulans and B. coagulans were the most effective strains in controlling cotton seedling disease. Therefore, strains of Bacillus spp. should be tested against as many fungal isolates as possible. The testing will improve the chance of identifying Bacillus strains effective against several fungal isolates.

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Interactions of Four Herbicides with Rhizoctonia solani on Seedling Cotton

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s004317450004772x ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 453-456 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

James M. Chandler ◽

P. W. Santelmann

Keyword(s):

Gossypium Hirsutum ◽

Rhizoctonia Solani ◽

Field Studies ◽

Antagonistic Effect ◽

Field Conditions ◽

Growth Chamber ◽

Seedling Disease ◽

Low Level ◽

High Level

Growth chamber and field studies were conducted to investigate the possibility of an interaction between the herbicides 4-(methylsulfonyl)-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropylaniline (nitralin), a,a,a-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine (trifluralin), 3- (m-tri-fluromethylphenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (fluometuron), and 2,4-bis(isopropylamino)-6-methylmercapto-s-triazine (prometryne), and the seedling disease organism Rhizoctonia solani Kuehn in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). When high levels of trifluralin or prometryne were used in the growth chamber, an interaction with the pathogen that was injurious to the cotton occurred. Prometryne and fluometuron produced an antagonistic effect on R. solani.Under field conditions, R. solani usually caused cotton injury. Interactions injurious to the cotton occurred between trifluralin and a low level of R. solani and between nitralin and a high level R. solani infestation. No interactions occurred with fluometuron or prometryne. In all instances, the effect occurred only when the herbicides were being used at high rates.

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Effect of substrates to formulate Trichoderma harzianum based bio-fungicide in controlling seedling disease (Rhizoctonia solani) of brinjal

Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.3329/bjar.v42i1.31988 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

pp. 159-170 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

MI Faruk ◽

ML Rahman

Keyword(s):

Rhizoctonia Solani ◽

Rice Bran ◽

Wheat Bran ◽

Trichoderma Harzianum ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Root Weight ◽

Agricultural Research Institute ◽

Seedling Disease ◽

House Condition ◽

Shoot Weight

Efficacy of three different substrates viz., rice bran, wheat bran, grass pea bran and their combinations with mustard oilcake (MOC) were tested to formulate a suitable Trichoderma harzianum based bio-fungicide for controlling seedling disease of brinjal caused by Rhizoctonia solani in tray soil as well as in seedbed soil under net house condition of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur during 2010 to 2014. The results of three years experiments revealed that T. harzianum bio-fungicides formulated in five different combinations of substrates viz., (1) rice bran + wheat bran, (2) rice bran + mustard oilcake (MOC) (3) rice bran + grasspea bran, (4) rice bran + wheat bran + MOC and (5) rice bran + grasspea bran +MOC were equally effective to control the soil borne seedling disease of brinjal caused by Rhizoctonia solani in tray soil and seedbed condition. In addition, vegetative growth of brinjal seedlings viz., shoot length, shoot weight, root length and root weight were enhanced significantly by the T. harzianum bio-fungicides in R. solani inoculated seedbed condition.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 42(1): 159-170, March 2017

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