scholarly journals AFTER THE FALL: AN EX POST CHARACTERIZATION OF HOUSING PRICE DECLINES ACROSS METROPOLITAN AREAS

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICHARD T. CARSON ◽  
SAMUEL R. DASTRUP
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Housing Price ◽  
Ex Post

A novel approach towards the reliable characterization of complex sedimentary aquifers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Vienken ◽  
Alraune Zech ◽  
Emanuel Huber ◽  
Peter Huggenberger ◽  
Manuel Kreck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Preferential Flow ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Direct Push ◽  
Tracer Testing ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Joint Application ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Tracer Distribution

<p>The reliable characterization of heterogeneous sedimentary aquifers, especially the identification of preferential flow paths and their connectivity remains a challenge in applied hydrogeology research and practice. However, aforementioned information is crucial for predicting subsurface flow and contaminant transport in complex deposits. Well established characterization methods such as outcrop analogue studies, hydraulic tomography, tracer testing, and direct push profiling suffer from uncertainty due to non-uniqueness of underlying inversions or insufficient temporal and/or spatial data resolution. Furthermore, the relation and effects of observed heterogeneity in hydraulic conductivity on transport is not always straight forward.</p><p>A promising novel approach to overcome the limitations of conventional hydraulic site characterization techniques is the joint application of tracer testing and direct push logging. We present a proof-of-concept field study, where conventional salt tracer testing was combined with vertical high resolution direct push electrical conductivity profiling. The method successfully captured tracer distribution in heterogeneous sedimentary deposits in-situ and visualized measured tracer distribution over time. Additional measurements, such as breakthrough-curves and surface geophysics can be easily integrated to set up ex-post simulations to further increase site-specific understanding of groundwater flow and transport processes.</p>

scholarly journals ARE HOUSING PRICE CYCLES ASYMMETRIC? EVIDENCE FROM THE US STATES AND METROPOLITAN AREAS

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe André ◽  
Rangan Gupta ◽  
John W. Muteba Mwamba
Keyword(s):  
Loss Aversion ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Housing Prices ◽  
District Of Columbia ◽  
Housing Price ◽  
Metropolitan Statistical Area ◽  
The Us ◽  
Housing Price Dynamics ◽  
Statistical Area

This paper investigates asymmetry in US housing price cycles at the state and metropolitan statistical area (MSA) level, using the Triples test (Randles, Flinger, Policello, & Wolfe, 1980) and the Entropy test of Racine and Maasoumi (2007). Several reasons may account for asymmetry in housing prices, including non-linearity in their determinants and in behavioural responses, in particular linked to equity constraints and loss aversion. However, few studies have formally tested the symmetry of housing price cycles. We find that housing prices are asymmetric in the vast majority of cases. Taking into account the results of the two tests, deepness asymmetry, which represents differences in the magnitude of upswings and downturns, is found in 39 out of the 51 states (including the District of Columbia) and 238 out of the 381 MSAs. Steepness asymmetry, which measures differences in the speed of price changes during upswings and downturns, is found in 40 states and 257 MSAs. These results imply that linear models are in most cases insufficient to capture housing price dynamics.

scholarly journals School Desegregation and Urban Change: Evidence from City Boundaries

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah Platt Boustan
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Housing Prices ◽  
Housing Price ◽  
Urban Housing ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Urban Residence ◽  
Tax Base ◽  
Central Cities ◽  
The City

I examine changes in the city-suburban housing price gap in metropolitan areas with and without court-ordered desegregation plans over the 1970s, narrowing my comparison to housing units on opposite sides of district boundaries. Desegregation of public schools in central cities reduced the demand for urban residence, leading urban housing prices and rents to decline by 6 percent relative to neighboring suburbs. Aversion to integration was due both to changes in peer composition and to student reassignment to nonneighborhood schools. The associated reduction in the urban tax base imposed a fiscal externality on remaining urban residents. (JEL H75, I21, I28, J15, R23, R31)

New Place-to-Place Housing Price Indexes for U.S. Metropolitan Areas, and Their Determinants

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Malpezzi ◽  
Gregory H. Chun ◽  
Richard K. Green
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Housing Price ◽  
Price Indexes

scholarly journals Contributions of the urban metabolism concept and approach to cost assessments of environmental decisions

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugenia Aumond Kuhn ◽  
Miguel Aloysio Sattler ◽  
Lucas Dorneles Magnus
Keyword(s):  
Urban Ecology ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Urban Metabolism ◽  
Environmental Costs ◽  
The Past ◽  
Environmental Decisions ◽  
Extensive Search ◽  
Methodological Procedures ◽  
The Stability

The concept of urban ecology is linked to the concept of urban metabolism that tries to estimate the interference of urban sys- tems in the stability of ows of materials and energy historical- ly established in the biosphere. Both concepts originated in the mid-twentieth century and spread internationally. A literature review on more than 20 scienti c articles, written over the past decade identi ed the metabolic approach being applied to cities, municipalities and metropolitan areas. The growing number of re- search is due to the consolidation of international action plans for sustainable development. It was also identi ed that most of the researches were developed in the European context, where a stan- dard method begins to be established. The absence of such type of studies in Latin America fomented the doctoral dissertation of the rst author of this article, in which the rst characterization of ma- terial ows associated to the metabolism of a Brazilian municipality was carried out (municipality of Feliz, State of Rio Grande do Sul). An extensive search led to data identi cation and collection, as well as to the development of speci c methodological procedures for their treatment. From the results obtained and methodological procedures developed, this article aims to discuss potential con- tributions of the urban metabolism concept and approach to the assessment of the costs of environmental decisions in Brazilian settings. Contributions are made by: a) an analysis of the relation- ship between urban ecology, urban metabolism and assessment of environmental costs; b) the identi cation of the decision-mak- ing activities whose results it could support; c) the analyses of the possibilities and limitations to characterizing the metabolism of Brazilian cities and d) a discussion on future developments in this area of research. 

scholarly journals Spatial-geographical analysis of urbanization in Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali asghar Pilehvar
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Informal Settlement ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Housing Price ◽  
Growth Trend

AbstractThe development of urbanization and urbanism in Iran has created a wide socioeconomic gap in urban areas. Rapid population growth along with the lack of socioeconomic growth programs and urban development strategies have deteriorated unemployment, inflation, housing price, traffic congestion, and marginalization in cities, particularly in metropolises of Iran. This paper, using a descriptive-analytic research method and a meta-analysis technique, addresses the urbanization and urbanism changes in Iran. Using GIS technique and CV formula, the spatial distribution of urbanization and its rapid growth in Iran are depicted. The research data was derived from a systematic review of documents and techniques over 40 years. The results of the study demonstrated that Iranian cities have undergone an unsustainable growth trend and urbanization has overtaken urbanism. Over the past 4 decades, cities have been struggling with rapid growth and development. In this regard, development-oriented governments can play a significant role in tackling growth and urbanization problems. These problems are especially evident in the socio-economic, urban planning and urban ecology. The rapid growth of urbanization (74% in 2016) has resulted in the emergence of metropolitan areas in an unstable process. Also, in metropolitan areas of Iran, environmental and ecological threats, rural–urban migration and marginalization have posed serious national–regional and local challenges. The structural–functional reforms in Iran, along with skeletal–spatial and socio-economic changes in cities, have given rise to a new social class (low-income people), which is characterized with non-formal businesses and informal settlements in the outskirts of cities, especially metropolitan areas. This has prompted unsustainability in main indicators of urban development such as security, building density, environmental threats, and centralization, among other things. This analysis is based on indicators such as density and centralization, informal settlement, and urban security.

The Marriage Problem with Interdependent Preferences

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (02) ◽  
pp. 2040005
Author(s):  
Mohsen Pourpouneh ◽  
Rasoul Ramezanian ◽  
Arunava Sen
Keyword(s):  
Private Information ◽  
Common Knowledge ◽  
Priority Rules ◽  
Marriage Problem ◽  
Interdependent Preferences ◽  
Incentive Compatible ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Women’S Preferences ◽  
Matching Rules

This paper considers the Gale–Shapley model with interdependent preferences. Women’s preferences over men are common knowledge but whether or not a man is acceptable depends on the preferences of men which are private information. It is shown that no ex-post incentive-compatible and ex-post stable matching rules exist. A characterization of ex-post incentive-compatible, ex-post individually rational and ex-post nonbossy matching rules in terms of modified priority rules is provided.

scholarly journals A General Cipher for Individual Data Anonymization

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (05) ◽  
pp. 727-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Information Loss ◽  
Individual Data ◽  
Data Anonymization ◽  
Disclosure Risk ◽  
Conceptual Connection ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Ante ◽  
Theoretical Characterization

Over the years, the literature on individual data anonymization has burgeoned in many directions. While such diversity should be praised, it does not come without some difficulties. Currently, the task of selecting the optimal analytical environment is complicated by the multitude of available choices and the fact that the performance of any method is generally dependent of the data properties. In light of these issues, the contribution of this paper is twofold. First, based on recent insights from the literature and inspired by cryptography, it proposes a new anonymization method that shows that the task of anonymization can ultimately rely only on ranks permutations. As a result, the method offers a new way to practice data anonymization by performing it ex-ante and independently of the distributional features of the data instead of being engaged, as it is currently the case in the literature, in several ex-post evaluations and iterations to reach the protection and information properties sought after. Second, the method establishes a conceptual connection across the field, as it can mimic all the currently existing tools. To make the method operational, this paper proposes also the introduction of permutation menus in data anonymization, where recently developed universal measures of disclosure risk and information loss are used ex-ante for the calibration of permutation keys. To justify the relevance of their uses, a theoretical characterization of these measures is also proposed.

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