DO MONETARY REWARDS CROWD OUT THE INTRINSIC MOTIVATION OF VOLUNTEERS? SOME EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FOR ITALIAN VOLUNTEERS

2011 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damiano Fiorillo
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Motivation ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Monetary Rewards ◽  
Crowd Out

scholarly journals Do nudges crowd out prosocial behavior?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Erik Gråd ◽  
Arvid Erlandsson ◽  
Gustav Tinghög
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Intrinsic Motivation ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Social Norm ◽  
Good News ◽  
Warm Glow ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Crowding Effects ◽  
Crowd Out

Abstract Both theory on motivational crowding and recent empirical evidence suggest that nudging may sometimes backfire and actually crowd out prosocial behavior, due to decreased intrinsic motivation and warm glow. In this study, we tested this claim by investigating the effects of three types of nudges (default nudge, social norm nudge, and moral nudge) on donations to charity in a preregistered online experiment (N = 1098). Furthermore, we manipulated the transparency of the nudges across conditions by explicitly informing subjects of the nudges that were used. Our results show no indication that nudges crowd out prosocial behavior; instead, all three nudges increased donations. The positive effects of the nudges were driven by the subjects who did not perceive the nudges as attempts to manipulate their behavior, while donations among subjects who felt that the nudges were manipulative remained unaffected. Subjects’ self-reported happiness with their choice also remained unaffected. Thus, we find no indication that nudges crowded out warm glow when acting altruistically. Generally, our results are good news for the proponents of nudges in public policy, since they suggest that concerns about unintended motivational crowding effects on prosocial behavior have been overstated.

Leisure Functioning and Offender Rehabilitation

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison J. Link ◽  
D J Williams
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Motivation ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Offender Rehabilitation ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Statistical Relationship ◽  
Leisure Education ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Rehabilitation Strategy

This study examined the statistical relationship between offender rehabilitation and leisure functioning of Oregon prisoners ( N = 281) soon to reenter society. The strong positive correlation between leisure functioning and rehabilitation is an important finding of the study. Perception of freedom and intrinsic motivation in leisure, as independent variables, were significantly related to rehabilitation even when controlling for the influence of demographic and important forensic variables. This study provides initial empirical evidence for the importance of leisure in offender rehabilitation and successful offender reentry. The role of leisure education programming as a supportive offender rehabilitation strategy is also discussed.

Can budget ambiguity crowd out intrinsic motivation? Longitudinal evidence from federal executive departments

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 194-209
Author(s):  
Jongmin Shon ◽  
Gregory A. Porumbescu ◽  
Robert K. Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Motivation ◽  
Crowd Out

Positive Incentives

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Pattison
Keyword(s):  
Moral Hazard ◽  
Intrinsic Motivation ◽  
International Norms ◽  
Crowd Out

This chapter considers the use of economic, political, and legal incentives. After presenting three notable reasons for using positive incentives—including the fact that they are not coercive—it considers several objections to their use. These include, centrally, the worry that they reward those who commit egregious wrongdoing and therefore are problematic in terms of desert. It also considers the potential moral hazard that such inducements will encourage others to commit wrongdoing and the potential for incentives to ‘crowd out’ intrinsic motivation and to undermine morally valuable international norms and laws. Although the chapter largely defends the case for positive incentives, it rejects the case for international amnesties and exile.

A Structural Model of Intrinsic Motivation: On the Psychology of Means-Ends Fusion

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arie W. Kruglanski ◽  
Ayelet Fishbach ◽  
Kaitlin Woolley ◽  
Jocelyn Belanger ◽  
Marina Chernikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Intrinsic Motivation ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Goal Attainment ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Brain Research ◽  
Perceived Similarity ◽  
Animal Learning ◽  
Perceived Instrumentality ◽  
Psychological Inquiry

The term intrinsic motivation refers to an activity being seen as its own end. Accordingly, we conceptualize intrinsic motivation (IM) as (perceived) means-ends fusion and define an intrinsicality continuum reflecting the degree to which such fusion is experienced. Our Means-Ends Fusion (MEF) theory assumes four major antecedents of activity-goal fusion: (1) Repeated pairing of the activity and the goal, (2) Uniqueness of the activity-goal connection, (3) Perceived similarity between the activity and its goal, and (4) temporal immediacy of goal attainment following the activity. MEF theory further identifies two major consequences of the activity-goal fusion (i.e., manifestations of intrinsic motivation): (1) Perceived instrumentality of the activity to goal attainment and consequent activity engagement; (2) goal-related affective experience of the activity. Empirical evidence for MEF theory comes from diverse fields of psychological inquiry, including animal learning, brain research, and social cognition.

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