scholarly journals Do nudges crowd out prosocial behavior?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Erik Gråd ◽  
Arvid Erlandsson ◽  
Gustav Tinghög
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Intrinsic Motivation ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Social Norm ◽  
Good News ◽  
Warm Glow ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Crowding Effects ◽  
Crowd Out

Abstract Both theory on motivational crowding and recent empirical evidence suggest that nudging may sometimes backfire and actually crowd out prosocial behavior, due to decreased intrinsic motivation and warm glow. In this study, we tested this claim by investigating the effects of three types of nudges (default nudge, social norm nudge, and moral nudge) on donations to charity in a preregistered online experiment (N = 1098). Furthermore, we manipulated the transparency of the nudges across conditions by explicitly informing subjects of the nudges that were used. Our results show no indication that nudges crowd out prosocial behavior; instead, all three nudges increased donations. The positive effects of the nudges were driven by the subjects who did not perceive the nudges as attempts to manipulate their behavior, while donations among subjects who felt that the nudges were manipulative remained unaffected. Subjects’ self-reported happiness with their choice also remained unaffected. Thus, we find no indication that nudges crowded out warm glow when acting altruistically. Generally, our results are good news for the proponents of nudges in public policy, since they suggest that concerns about unintended motivational crowding effects on prosocial behavior have been overstated.

scholarly journals Why Do People Give? Testing Pure and Impure Altruism

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (11) ◽  
pp. 3617-3633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Ottoni-Wilhelm ◽  
Lise Vesterlund ◽  
Huan Xie
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Direct Test ◽  
Warm Glow ◽  
Single Measurement ◽  
Impure Altruism ◽  
Pure Altruism ◽  
Crowd Out

Researchers measure crowd-out around one level of charity output to identify whether giving is motivated by altruism and/or warm-glow. However, crowd-out depends on output, implying first that the power to reject pure altruism varies, and second that a single measurement of incomplete crowd-out can be rationalized by many different preferences. By instead measuring crowd-out at different output levels, we allow both for identification and for a novel and direct test of impure altruism. Using a new experimental design, we present the first empirical evidence that, consistent with impure altruism, crowd-out decreases with output. (JEL D64, L31)

Leisure Functioning and Offender Rehabilitation

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison J. Link ◽  
D J Williams
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Motivation ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Offender Rehabilitation ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Statistical Relationship ◽  
Leisure Education ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Rehabilitation Strategy

This study examined the statistical relationship between offender rehabilitation and leisure functioning of Oregon prisoners ( N = 281) soon to reenter society. The strong positive correlation between leisure functioning and rehabilitation is an important finding of the study. Perception of freedom and intrinsic motivation in leisure, as independent variables, were significantly related to rehabilitation even when controlling for the influence of demographic and important forensic variables. This study provides initial empirical evidence for the importance of leisure in offender rehabilitation and successful offender reentry. The role of leisure education programming as a supportive offender rehabilitation strategy is also discussed.

Who would Iranian Muslims help? Religious dimensions and moral foundations as predictors

2021 ◽  
pp. 008467242110629
Author(s):  
Mehdi Mikani ◽  
Kazem Rasoolzadeh Tabatabaei ◽  
Parviz Azadfallah
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Intergroup Bias ◽  
Religious Fundamentalism ◽  
Moral Foundations ◽  
Religious Activity ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Religious Dimensions ◽  
Nuanced Understanding

Religiosity has been linked with prosocial behavior and a preference for religious ingroups over outgroups. Yet, there are important differences in religious people’s beliefs, values, and practices. Fundamental and quest orientation toward religion may differentially predict intergroup bias in prosociality. Also, individualizing and binding moral foundations may have diverse effects on ingroup and outgroup bias in helping, as moral foundations theory (MFT) suggests that individualizing and binding foundations differ in how much they focus on ingroup and outgroup moral considerations. In this study, we examined the relationship between religious dimensions (quest religion, religious fundamentalism, intrinsic religiosity, and religious activity), moral foundations, prosocial behavior, and intergroup bias in helping. We found evidence for the effect of individualizing foundations, religious fundamentalism, and quest religion above and beyond demographics and other religious dimensions on intergroup bias in helping. Furthermore, there were independent positive effects of individualizing foundations, religious activity, and age, and independent negative effects of female gender and religious fundamentalism on prosocial behavior. This study provides a more nuanced understanding of the relations between religion, prosociality, and moral intuitions in a Muslim context.

Nudging: The unexpected impact on observers' inference of donors' prosocial behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Xiaoyue Wu ◽  
Liyin Jin
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Intrinsic Motivation ◽  
Prosocial Behavior

We proposed that although nudging may encourage participation, being nudged may undermine the intrinsic motivation of a donor's prosocial behavior in the eyes of an observer. In 3 studies spanning various contexts of prosocial nudging (Ns = 198, 141, and 267 university students, respectively), we demonstrated that observers perceived a donor who was (vs. was not) nudged as less intrinsically motivated to help others. The findings suggested that the perceived motive of a donor's prosocial behavior is inferred by observers not only from the behavior itself but also from whether or not the behavior is a product of nudging. By investigating the consequences of nudging from the observer's perspective, we have provided a new lens for understanding the role of nudging in the prosocial domain.

Green and competitive: empirical evidence from ISO 9001 certified Brazilian companies

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charbel Jose Chiappetta Jabbour ◽  
Thiago Pignatti de Freitas ◽  
Davi Fouad Soubihia ◽  
Angappa Gunasekaran ◽  
Ana Beatriz Lopes de Sousa Jabbour
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Iso 9001 ◽  
Operational Performance ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Effects

Purpose – There are many arguments in the literature on environmental management stating that companies that have a significant environmental performance tend to be more competitive, because environmental management tends to generate positive effects on their operational performance. Despite the fact that such arguments are widely accepted, there is little empirical evidence yet of such a relationship in manufacturing contexts that are rarely studied thus far, such as those of developing countries. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – With the objective of testing the positive relationship between environmental performance and operational performance, this research presents the data of a survey conducted with 75 ISO 9001-certified Brazilian companies. Such data were analyzed by means of structural equation modeling. Findings – The paper discovered that, indeed, environmental management relates in a positive, significant manner and large effect to the operational performance of companies. Originality/value – This is the first exploratory research relating environmental management and operational performance in Brazilian companies with ISO 9001.

Can budget ambiguity crowd out intrinsic motivation? Longitudinal evidence from federal executive departments

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 194-209
Author(s):  
Jongmin Shon ◽  
Gregory A. Porumbescu ◽  
Robert K. Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Motivation ◽  
Crowd Out
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