The New Right in Central Europe I: Czechoslovakia

1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Scruton
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
New Right ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Market Theory ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
Social Conservatism ◽  
The Impact

‘The New Right’, as it has come to be known, derives from at least two major intellectual sources, free market theory and social conservatism. The question how far these are compatible is frequently raised. The aim of this two-part article is to explore the impact of ‘New Right’ thinking in East Central Europe (specifically in Czechoslovakia, Poland and Hungary) in order to show that, in the conditions of ‘real socialism’, free market and social conservative ideas seem to arise naturally from the same root conceptions. The first part deals with Czechoslovakia-specifically with the thought of Patocka, Have1 and Bratinka, and with the conservative wing of the Charter movement. It argues that, while many writers would specifically reject labels like ‘conservative’ or ‘right-wing’, the actual content of their thought is very close to that of the New Right in the western hemisphere. In particular, the call for a ‘depoliticization’ of society, for responsible accounting, and for a lived historical identity which will be both national and European, are indistinguishable from long-standing themes of social conservatism.

The New Right in Central Europe II: Poland and Hungary

1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 638-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Scruton
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Free Market ◽  
New Right ◽  
Market Theory ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
Nationalist Movement ◽  
Political Ideas ◽  
Social Conservatism ◽  
The Impact

‘The New Right’ as it has come to be known, derives from at least two major intellectual sources, free market theory and social conservatism. The question how far these are compatible is frequently raised. The aim of this two-part article is to explore the impact of ‘New Right’ thinking in East Central Europe (specifically in Czechoslovakia, Poland and Hungary) in order to show that in the conditions of ‘real Socialism’, free market and social conservative ideas seem to arise naturally from the same root conceptions. This second section deals with Poland, and examines the new ‘market sociology’ propagated within universities, together with the metaphysical and political ideas surrounding the Polish Nationalist movement.

The Early Post-Stalin Succession Struggle and Upheavals in East-Central Europe: Internal-External Linkages in Soviet Policy Making (Part 1)

1999 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Soviet Bloc ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
Soviet Policy ◽  
External Events ◽  
The Impact

The death of Josif Stalin was followed by momentous changes in the Soviet bloc. Part 1 of this two-part article considers how and why these changes came about, looking at the interaction between domestic and external events. It explores the nature of Soviet decision making, the impact of events in East-Central Europe, the implementation of Moscow's new policy, and the use of Soviet troops to put down a large-scale uprising in East Germany. Politics, Power, and U.S. Policy in Iran, 1950–1953

scholarly journals Cross-border cooperation: A major element in regional policy in the new East Central Europe

2002 ◽  
pp. 149-166
Author(s):  
David Turnock
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Regional Policy ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
The North ◽  
Eu Eastern Enlargement ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cross Border Cooperation

Borders in East Central Europe have become much more permeable over the past ten years as formalities have been simplified and many new crossing points have opened. At the same time, cooperation in border regions has increased, thanks mainly to the EU 'Interreg' programmes, to include a range of business cultural and conservation interests. In many cases these arrangements have been formalized through Euroregions which have become an indicator of good international relations. The paper reviews these trends with reference to examples and pays particular attention to environmental projects and the joint planning initiatives being undertaken in a number of Euroregions. At a time when regional policy has been generally weak, cross-border cooperation has contributed significantly to cohesion and it is also a good indicator of stability in the region. However, the impact has been greater in the north than in the Balkans and the first round of EU eastern enlargement will have implications for cooperation across the new external borders.

Anti-gender politics in East-Central Europe: Right-wing defiance to West-Eurocentrism

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1-2021) ◽  
pp. 76-90
Author(s):  
Eszter Kováts
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Theoretical Explanation ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
Gender Discourse ◽  
The Right ◽  
East West ◽  
Visegrád Countries

Anti-gender actors in East-Central Europe (ECE) too claim that gender is an ideological colonization. In this article, in contrasting these accusations with actually existing power relations of the global and European gender architecture, I discuss whether they are – at least to some extent – based on social realities. Neither anti-gender campaigns nor the rise of illiberal forces are ECE phenomena per se and should not be treated as such. However, the relevance of the geopolitical embeddedness of gender equality policies, of gender studies and of feminist and LGBT politics needs to be analysed thoroughly in order to better understand the right-wing discourse. This paper offers a theoretical explanation, based on existing empirical studies and critical theoretical literature. Focussing on the four Visegrád countries, Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia and Hungary, it attempts to demonstrate the specific drivers of the anti-gender mobilization in this region and argues that anti-gender discourse is a right-wing language of resistance against existing material and symbolic East-West inequalities in Europe.

Dual archive paleotemperature records over two pre-LGM stadial/interstadials in East Central Europe

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabor Ujvari ◽  
Stefano M Bernasconi ◽  
Thomas Stevens ◽  
Sandor Kele ◽  
Barna Pall-Gergely ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Change ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Land Snails ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Last Glacial

<p>The generally cold climate of the last glacial period was interrupted by numerous abrupt shifts to warmer interstadial conditions in the North Atlantic. The effects of this Dansgaard–Oeschger (D–O) type climatic variability have been found in a number of European and Asian terrestrial paleoclimate archives, including speleothems, lakes and loess deposits. However, only very few of the already sparse precisely dated records provide quantitative information on stadial-interstadial temperature variations over this time period. This is a major impediment to resolving the cause and geographical propagation of D-O events, as well as to understanding the impact they have on continental climates and environments.</p><p>Here we present carbonate clumped isotope (<em>Δ<sub>47</sub></em>)-based active season paleotemperature (AST) estimates from land snails recovered from Greenland Stadial/Interstadial (GS/GI) 5 and 3 age loess at the Dunaszekcső loess site (Hungary), based on a uniquely detailed AMS <sup>14</sup>C age dataset, alongside a new flowstone (PK-6, Bükkösd, Hungary) stable isotope-based temperature change record <sup>230</sup>Th-dated to 30-26 ka. Stadial ASTs of the investigated periods were found to be in the range of 7–13 °C, corresponding to <em>T<sub>annual</sub></em> of 0–6 °C and <em>T<sub>July</sub></em> of 11–17 °C, agreeing well with the range of model simulation results for the region. Interstadial AST values reconstructed for GI-5.1 and 3 (16–18 °C) indicate warm summers (<em>T<sub>July</sub></em>: 20–22 °C) and relatively high annual mean temperatures (<em>T<sub>annual</sub></em>: 9–11 °C), matching present-day values. The PK-6 flowstone δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub>calcite</sub>-based temperature change estimates (~0.2 ‰ °C<sup>–1 </sup>δ<sup>18</sup>O/T gradient) reveal a 7–10 °C <em>T<sub>annual</sub></em> rise for the warmest phases of GI-3 and 4 compared to stadial temperatures, in very good agreement with the land snail <em>TΔ<sub>47</sub></em> values.</p><p>Our results show that stadial-interstadial climate variability in East Central Europe was of comparable magnitude to that in Greenland. We propose that large scale ocean-atmospheric variability (NAO-AMO) imparts a major control on transmitting abrupt North Atlantic climate event signals into continental Europe during the last glacial.</p><p> </p><p>This study was funded by the Hungarian National Research, Development and Innovation Office to GÚ (OTKA PD-108639) and SK (OTKA KH-125584). TS is grateful for the support of the Swedish Research Council (2017-03888).</p>

Historical legacies and the size of the red-brown vote in post-communist politics

2009 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Ishiyama
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Communist Regime ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Extreme Right ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
Historical Legacies

In this paper I examine the relatively under-investigated topic of how historical legacies shaped the emergence of the “Red-brown” political tendency in East-Central Europe and the former Soviet Union e which is sometimes referred to as “National Bolshevism” or “National Communism” or “Strasserism.” More specifically I ask the question, how do historical legacies help explain why extreme right wing voters support the successors to the formerly dominant communist parties (or what I refer to as the “red-brown” vote)? I find that the most important legacy variable that affects the red brown phenomenon is the legacy of the previous communist regime.

Urban Law

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heiner Lück
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Tenth Century ◽  
Land Law ◽  
Cultural Products ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
East Central ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
The Impact

The Saxon Mirror and the Magdeburg Law figure among the most important German cultural products in the legal sphere. The Magdeburg Law developed at the end of the twelfth century as the result of an unverifiable tenth-century mercantile law, suitable not only for merchants but also for the urban population. The Saxon Mirror was written between 1220 and 1235 as a fixation of Saxon land law. In complex processes of legal transfer, the Magdeburg Law and the Saxon Mirror merged into countless versions of Saxon-Magdeburg law, which local rulers, scribes, legal practitioners, and jurists adapted to local conditions. The chapter explains how this process occurred in Silesia, Poland, lands of the Teutonic Order, Bohemia, Moravia, Hungary, and in cities such as Kulm, Thorn, Krakow, and Lemberg. In some of these regions of central and east central Europe, the impact of Saxon-Magdeburg law persisted for up to 700 years.

scholarly journals Determinants of dam reservoir fisheries impacted by climate change as observed by managers from the entities authorized to exploit these fisheries in East-Central Europe

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 208-223
Author(s):  
Marek Trella ◽  
Tomasz Czerwiński ◽  
Arkadiusz Wołos
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
Dam Reservoirs ◽  
Reservoir Fisheries ◽  
Fish Migrations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
East Central European

Abstract The aim of this paper is to present and discuss the results of a survey of fishers exploiting dam reservoirs to determine the conditions of conducting fisheries associated primarily with climate change. Overall, questionnaires were obtained from 18 enterprises (of which 16 were chapters of the Polish Anglers Association) regarding a total of 30 reservoirs with a combined surface area of 29,666 ha, which is 49% of the total surface are of this type of basin in Poland, the largest country in East-Central Europe. This sample is highly representative of all the fisheries conducted in this basin category in Poland and in other East-Central European regions. The following questions referring to the impact of climate change were defined and analyzed based on the answers obtained from the questionnaires: survival of hatchlings, fry, and adult fish; the spawning success of selected fish species; selected hydrological and biological reservoir parameters, the possibility of using and the effectiveness of fishing gears; the length of the recreational fishing season; the size of recreational and commercial fisheries catches of different fish species. Information regarding the impact of reservoirs on fish migrations was also obtained.

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