Temperature proxy records covering the last two millennia: a tabular and visual overview

2009 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredrik Charpentier Ljungqvist
Keyword(s):  
Proxy Records ◽  
Temperature Proxy ◽  
The Last Two Millennia

scholarly journals Empirical estimate of the signal content of Holocene temperature proxy records

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 521-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Reschke ◽  
Kira Rehfeld ◽  
Thomas Laepple
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Correlation Structure ◽  
Past Climate ◽  
Time Uncertainty ◽  
Proxy Records ◽  
Spatial Correlation Structure ◽  
Temperature Proxy

Abstract. Proxy records from climate archives provide evidence about past climate changes, but the recorded signal is affected by non-climate-related effects as well as time uncertainty. As proxy-based climate reconstructions are frequently used to test climate models and to quantitatively infer past climate, we need to improve our understanding of the proxy record signal content as well as the uncertainties involved. In this study, we empirically estimate signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) of temperature proxy records used in global compilations of the middle to late Holocene (last 6000 years). This is achieved through a comparison of the correlation of proxy time series from nearby sites of three compilations and model time series extracted at the proxy sites from two transient climate model simulations: a Holocene simulation of the ECHAM5/MPI-OM model and the Holocene part of the TraCE-21ka simulation. In all comparisons, we found the mean correlations of the proxy time series on centennial to millennial timescales to be low (R<0.2), even for nearby sites, which resulted in low SNR estimates. The estimated SNRs depend on the assumed time uncertainty of the proxy records, the timescale analysed, and the model simulation used. Using the spatial correlation structure of the ECHAM5/MPI-OM simulation, the estimated SNRs on centennial timescales ranged from 0.05 – assuming no time uncertainty – to 0.5 for a time uncertainty of 400 years. On millennial timescales, the estimated SNRs were generally higher. Use of the TraCE-21ka correlation structure generally resulted in lower SNR estimates than for ECHAM5/MPI-OM. As the number of available high-resolution proxy records continues to grow, a more detailed analysis of the signal content of specific proxy types should become feasible in the near future. The estimated low signal content of Holocene temperature compilations should caution against over-interpretation of these multi-proxy and multisite syntheses until further studies are able to facilitate a better characterisation of the signal content in paleoclimate records.

scholarly journals A high-resolution δ<sup>18</sup>O record and Mediterranean climate variability

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 4057-4084
Author(s):  
C. Taricco ◽  
G. Vivaldo ◽  
S. Alessio ◽  
S. Rubinetti ◽  
S. Mancuso
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Spectrum Analysis ◽  
Singular Spectrum Analysis ◽  
Ionian Sea ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Singular Spectrum ◽  
Proxy Records ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Temperature Proxy

Abstract. A~high-resolution, well-dated foraminiferal δ18O record from a shallow-water core drilled from the Gallipoli Terrace in the Gulf of Taranto (Ionian Sea), previously measured over the last two millennia, has been extended to cover 707 BC–1979 AD. Spectral analysis of this series, performed by Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) and other classical and advanced methods, strengthens the results obtained analysing the shorter δ18O profile, detecting the same highly significant oscillations of about 600 yr, 380 yr, 170 yr, 130 yr, and 11 yr, respectively explaining about 12%, 7%, 5%, 2% and 2% of the time series total variance, plus a millennial trend (18% of the variance). The comparison with the results of Multi-channel Singular Spectrum Analysis (MSSA) applied to a data set of 26 Northern Hemisphere (NH) temperature-proxy records shows that NH temperature anomalies share with our local record a long-term trend and a bicentennial cycle. These two variability modes, previously identified as temperature-driven, are the most powerful modes in the NH temperature data set. Both the long-term trends and the bicentennial oscillations, when reconstructed locally and hemispherically, show coherent phases. Also the corresponding local and hemispheric amplitudes are comparable, if changes in the precipitation-evaporation balance of the Ionian sea, presumably associated with temperature changes, are taken into account.

scholarly journals Comparing Seawater Temperature Proxy Records for the Past 90 Myrs From the Shallow Shelf Record Bass River, New Jersey

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. Bar ◽  
L. J. Nooijer ◽  
S. Schouten ◽  
M. Ziegler ◽  
A. Sluijs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Jersey ◽  
Seawater Temperature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Proxy Records ◽  
Temperature Proxy

scholarly journals Seemingly divergent sea surface temperature proxy records in the central Mediterranean during the last deglaciation

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1375-1383 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.-A. Sicre ◽  
G. Siani ◽  
D. Genty ◽  
N. Kallel ◽  
L. Essallami
Keyword(s):  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Planktonic Foraminifera ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Last Deglaciation ◽  
Central Mediterranean ◽  
Proxy Record ◽  
Proxy Records ◽  
The Last Deglaciation ◽  
Temperature Proxy ◽  
Two Temperature

Abstract. Sea surface temperatures (SSTs) were reconstructed over the last 25 000 yr using alkenone paleothermometry and planktonic foraminifera assemblages from two cores of the central Mediterranean Sea: the MD04-2797 core (Siculo–Tunisian channel) and the MD90-917 core (South Adriatic Sea). Comparison of the centennial scale structure of the two temperature signals during the last deglaciation period reveals significant differences in timing and amplitude. We suggest that seasonal changes likely account for seemingly proxy record divergences during abrupt transitions from glacial to interglacial climates and for the apparent short duration of the Younger Dryas (YD) depicted by the alkenone time series, a feature that has already been stressed in earlier studies on the Mediterranean deglaciation.

Proxy records of climate change in the UK over the last two millennia: documented change and sedimentary records from lakes and bogs

1999 ◽  
Vol 156 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. E. BARBER ◽  
R. W. BATTARBEE ◽  
S. J. BROOKS ◽  
G. EGLINTON ◽  
E. Y. HAWORTH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sedimentary Records ◽  
Proxy Records ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Last Two Millennia

scholarly journals A Test for Nonlinearity in Temperature Proxy Records

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (20) ◽  
pp. 7173-7186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bård Støve ◽  
Fredrik Charpentier Ljungqvist ◽  
Peter Thejll
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Test ◽  
Linear Functions ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
Proxy Records ◽  
Generalized Additive Modeling ◽  
Mean Temperature ◽  
Additive Modeling ◽  
Temperature Proxy ◽  
Annual Resolution ◽  
Linearity Testing

Abstract Are temperature proxy records linear recorders of past temperature conditions? A statistical test for linearity is applied to 15 millennial-long proxy records with an annual resolution that was shown to significantly respond to Northern Hemisphere annual mean temperature selected from a collection of 30 proxies. The test, based on generalized additive modeling, shows that most of the proxies can indeed be shown to be linear functions of annual mean temperature, but two proxy records do not appear to have a linear relationship with temperature—this supports the assumption of linearity in most climate reconstruction work. The method tests for nonlinearity in a proxy relative to the group of proxies with which it is being used together. The robustness of the results is tested, and it was found that the results are stable to the choice of proxies. The linearity-testing method is quite general and could in the future be used for larger and more extensive sets of proxies.

scholarly journals Empirical estimate of the signal content of Holocene temperature proxy records

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Reschke ◽  
Kira Rehfeld ◽  
Thomas Laepple
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Past Climate ◽  
Proxy Records ◽  
Model Time Series ◽  
Climate Model Simulations ◽  
Temperature Proxy

Abstract. Proxy records from climate archives provide evidence about past climate changes, but the recorded signal is affected by non-climate related effects as well as time uncertainty. As proxy based climate reconstructions are frequently used to test climate models and to quantitatively infer past climate, we need to improve our understanding of the proxy records’ signal content as well as the uncertainties involved. In this study, we empirically estimate signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) of temperature proxy records used in global compilations of the mid to late Holocene. This is achieved through a comparison of proxy time series from close-by sites of three compilations and model time series data at the proxy sites from two transient Holocene climate model simulations. In all comparisons, we found the mean correlations of the proxy time series on centennial to millennial time scales to be rather low (R 

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