scholarly journals Effects of simulated acid rain on epicuticular wax production, morphology, chemical composition and on cuticular membrane thickness in two clones of Sitka spruce [Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.]

1990 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. E. PERCY ◽  
E. A. BAKER
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Acid Rain ◽  
Sitka Spruce ◽  
Epicuticular Wax ◽  
Picea Sitchensis ◽  
Simulated Acid Rain ◽  
Membrane Thickness ◽  
Cuticular Membrane ◽  
Wax Production

Effects of simulated acid rain on needle wettability and rain retention by two Sitka spruce (Piceasitchensis) clones

1991 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 694-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. E. Percy ◽  
E. A. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Acid Rain ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Sitka Spruce ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Simulated Acid Rain ◽  
Sodium Fluorescein ◽  
Simulated Rain

The effect of simulated rain acidity (pH 2.6, 3.4, 4.2, and 5.6) on wettability and rain retention was investigated for elongating needles on stecklings of two Sitka spruce (Piceasitchensis) (Bong.) Carr) clones over an 11-week period. There were highly significant differences in contact angle between pH treatments, clones, and sample dates. Contact angles on needles of both clones exposed at pH ≤ 4.2 were significantly smaller than those on needles exposed at pH 5.6. Needles from both clones exposed to simulated rain at pH ≤ 4.2 retained significantly more simulated rain containing sodium fluorescein. These changes to needle surface properties following realistic exposure to simulated acid rain could have important consequences for processes occurring at the phylloplane, such as ion exchange.

Effect of simulated acid rain on the epicuticular wax of Scots pine needles under northerly conditions

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 412-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minna Turunen ◽  
Satu Huttunen
Keyword(s):  
Acid Rain ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Epicuticular Wax ◽  
Simulated Acid Rain ◽  
Pine Needles ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Stomatal Complex ◽  
Stomatal Complexes ◽  
Extreme North

The long-term effects of simulated acid rain treatment (pH 4 and pH 3) on the physicochemical characteristics of the needle surfaces in a natural stand of Scots pine was investigated in the extreme north of Finland during the period 1985–1988. By the end of this period, the pH 3 treated pines had received a sulphur load of 7.48 g m−2 and a nitrogen load of 2.62 g m−2, and the pH 4 treated pines a sulphur load of 1.23 g m−2 and a nitrogen load of 0.43 g m−2 in addition to ambient deposition. No visible symptoms of acid rain injury were observed in the needles, but their growth was significantly reduced. Delayed development of the epistomatal waxes and four types of deformed stomatal complex, namely narrow, half-formed, occluded, and double-sized, were found by scanning electron microscopy. The total number of deformed stomatal complexes in the pH 4 treated pine needles was over 50% greater than in dry control specimens and over 70% greater than in water controls. The rapid erosion of young, undeveloped waxes increased needle wettability (11%) significantly, but the quantity of chloroform-soluble waxes had decreased only slightly. The effects of acid rain on the epicuticular waxes were accentuated during unfavourable growing seasons with reduced effective temperature sums. Key words: acid rain, Scots pine, epicuticular wax, wettability.

Effect of Simulated Acid Rain on Gas Exchanges of Three Compositae Invasive Plants

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-167
Author(s):  
Song Liying ◽  
Ke Zhanhong ◽  
Sun Lanlan ◽  
Peng Changlian
Keyword(s):  
Acid Rain ◽  
Invasive Plants ◽  
Simulated Acid Rain ◽  
Gas Exchanges
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